比特币闪电网络就是最牛,不接受反驳!

老雅痞Published on 2022-09-29Last updated on 2022-09-29

Abstract

比特币最初的承诺是“点对点电子现金系统”。

比特币最初的承诺是“点对点电子现金系统”。

它的目的是使在线支付从一方直接发送到另一方,而不必经过受信任的第三方。

在现实世界中,我们可以互相支付,而不需要信任一些使用现金的第三方。当我们使用Venmo、Paypal或任何其他非加密的在线服务时,我们相信这些服务会保护我们的资金。

我们无法在网上进行点对点支付。你可以承诺把现金邮寄给他们,但很难在这种信任和延迟付款时间的基础上开展业务。因此,我们使用Stripe和VISA等服务为我们处理支付,并为每笔交易支付约3%的服务费。

在初期,比特币作为一种数字现金形式运作良好。其支付成本很低,大约10分钟就能完成结算,而不是像信用卡交易那样需要两天才能完成。

但随着比特币网络的普及,交易费用也随之增加,现在除了大型交易外,使用比特币网络的费用都太贵了。今天,向某人发送一笔BTC支付将花费65美元,因此,除非你购买的东西价值数千美元,否则VISA或Stripe或其他第三方服务的支付处理费用要合理得多。

不过,这并不意味着点对点电子现金系统的前景已经破灭。该网络只是需要适应。比特币的主要网络可能未能为小额交易提供低成本的支付基础设施。尽管如此,它还是为去中心化的支付基础设施创建了最强大、最稳定的安全系统。

现在比特币基础层的安全性和稳定性已经很好地建立,其他层可以在其之上构建,类似于以太坊之上构建的第二层网络。

目前,在比特币上最有前途、最令人兴奋的是Lightning,“一个用于即时、高容量小额支付的去中心化系统”。使用Lightning,几乎可以在瞬间以微不足道的费用发送几分钱,这让人们第一次看到了真正的点对点电子现金系统。

在本文中,我将解释它是什么以及它是如何运作的,然后介绍目前它的一些令人兴奋的应用,以及它在未来可能实现的功能。

Lightning是什么?

Lightning不需要在主比特币区块链上记录每一笔交易,而是允许双方在他们之间建立一个支付渠道,在那里他们可以记录来回的支付,然后在以后结算这些交易的净额。

所以如果你想每天支付我0.1美元来访问我的博客,这在比特币网络上是非常昂贵的。但在Lightning上,我们可以打开这个支付渠道,让它每天发送0.10美元,直到你结束订阅,届时我们之间的支付可以在比特币主网络上进行结算。

虽然你需要在你想要交换资金的任何人之间建立一个支付渠道链接,但它不需要是一个直接链接。如果A和B有一个支付渠道,B和C有一个支付渠道,那么A和C可以通过B路由进行支付,它们之间不需要建立单独的渠道。

Lightning网络上的每笔支付的成本都非常低,以至于几乎看不出来,转账可以低至0.00000001比特币(目前约为0.0002美元)。该网络还可以每秒处理数百万笔交易,远远超过VISA约25000 TPS的能力。另一家快速且廉价的支付领域的竞争对手Solana只能做到60000 TPS。因此,Lightning在这方面具有显著的优势。

你可能会想:“那又怎样?”这有什么好兴奋的?它只是用于小额支付吗?国际汇款?但我认为答案是,它不仅可以取代我们现有的所有支付基础设施,而且可以从根本上提高效率。

一方面,它确实以一种目前少见的方式开放了国际支付。你可以在海外用信用卡购物,但即使使用像Wise这样完善的服务,你仍然需要支付高昂的费用。因此,它可以进一步改善我们与不同国家的人之间的付款和合作。

然后是它所支持的支付类型。在我们当前的信用卡和借记卡系统中,小额支付是没有意义的,尤其是在ACH中。目前还不清楚这是否会成为一种流行的支付方式,因为我们还无法测试它。

但其最大的好处是消除了目前系统中存在的支付处理税和滞后问题。目前,你使用信用卡和借记卡系统处理的每笔支付都会损失约3%,而且必须等待一两天才能结算。如果它能以零费用即时结算,这将大大提高数字业务的支付效率。考虑到许多企业只有10-15%的利润率,这可能会使他们的利润率增长20-30%。

如果你看一下这项技术已经被使用的情况,其潜力就变得更加明显了。有几个团队已经开始在Lightning上构建产品,下面让我们探讨一下这些产品。

在Lightning上建立了什么

通过提供免费的即时点对点支付的基础设施,围绕Lightning已经出现了许多应用程序,它们以各种方式利用该技术。

这可以说明一个看似简单的核心创新如何能产生数量惊人的新应用。如果一个智能合约平台支持“永久的去中心化应用”,那么Lightning的核心可能是“即时免费支付”。

那么各个团队都在用它做什么呢?你又该如何利用它呢?

Lightning钱包

体验Lightning的第一种也是最简单的方法是安装一个Lightning钱包,然后向他人付款或发送付款发票。

我在手机上使用了BlueWallet应用,对于任何有使用加密货币经验但没有尝试过Lightning的人,我强烈建议你尝试一下。下载钱包应用程序,设置一个Lightning钱包,然后给某人发一张付款发票。与比特币主网络或以太坊等智能合约网络上的任何东西相比,它的结算速度十分神奇。它的速度快得令人难以置信,甚至感觉不像加密货币。

好吧,这是很基本的,还有什么呢。

Crypto Venmo

正如我前面所解释的,你不一定想要与所有人打开直接支付渠道。将它们链接在一起更有效率,这样你就可以更容易地对任何你想要交易的人支付和接收付款。

Strike是一个基于Lightning的现金应用程序,也是Venmo的竞争对手,它可以让你直接使用闪电网络用加密货币付款,甚至可以将你的工资存入他们的应用程序,并将其部分转换为比特币。他们还与Twitter等服务进行了整合,允许Lightning网络打赏,并与Shopify进行了整合,允许商家在接收美元的同时接受比特币支付。而在以前没有办法使用比特币进行这种小型交易,所以这是说明Lightning正在改善网络可用性的一个很好的用例。

加密社交媒体和消息传递

Sphinx采用了一种非常有趣的方法来创建一个加密原生的聊天和盈利平台。

首先它完全是Lightning原生的,包括所有的消息传递,它是点对点加密的,所以没有人可以访问你的消息。但除此之外,每条消息都要收取少量的交易费,以防止网络上出现垃圾邮件或机器人攻击。对于正常的用户来说,这些成本将得到返还。

你还可以将任何你想与观众或客户分享的内容放在上面,并通过闪电网络接受比特币支付。

小额支付应用

由于Lightning允许你对单笔交易收取非常少的费用,它使一些新类型的应用程序得以存在。

其中一个特别有趣的是DALLE-2 Lightning Bot。当你给它发送一个DALLE-2图像生成提示后,它会给你发送一个大约0.20美元的Lightning发票,然后一旦你支付了发票,你就会得到你的图像。

这一切都是通过Telegram自动完成的,如果你使用的是像BlueWallet这样的钱包,它可以自动扫描剪贴板上的二维码,因此支付发票非常迅速。如果你还没有使用DALLE-2或Midjourney,这是一种访问AI生成图像的绝妙方法。

更高级的金融服务

Lightning无法支持完整的DeFi应用程序,但它可以为世界各地的任何人提供快速、廉价地访问中心化金融服务的金融轨道。这使得一些半托管服务的混合方式得以存在,你可以通过Lightning访问和退出它们,这需要一定的信任,但不需要经历TradFi机构那样常规冗长的文档处理。

其中一项服务是Kollider,它允许你使用Lightning钱包以最高20倍的利润率交易衍生产品,从而为头寸提供资金并退出头寸。他们的产品特别酷的地方在于,你根本不需要为交易账户预付资金。创建任何你想要打开的头寸,从你的钱包支付发票,然后头寸就打开了。无论你什么时候平仓,资金都会被送回你的钱包。因此,他们只需要在你持有头寸的时候保管你的资金。在这期间,你不需要向他们存入任何东西。

目前,你只能交易BTC和ETH,但他们计划在未来增加更多的衍生品。

如果你想找到更多的应用程序,Stacker News Top Postshistory是一个很好的起点。DarthCoin也提供了一份很棒的综述,他们还有一份很好的入门指南。

即时免费的支付

Lighting仍处于起步阶段,但已经涌现出大量利用快速、免费支付功能的应用程序,这是相当令人兴奋的。

这表面上看起来是很小的效率提升,但却可能催生一个我们从未见过的全新的数字商务世界,所以我很好奇它将如何发展。

就目前的情况来看,Lightning在快速、免费、极小额支付方面远远超过了任何其他加密货币产品。如果它能保持这种领先地位,它将主导这一新的商业领域,并成为互联网新支付基础设施的基础。

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363 Total ViewsPublished 2025.05.13Updated 2025.05.13

What is $BITCOIN

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