美银 2026 年十大重磅预测:AI 热潮延续、中美经济超预期增长

深潮Published on 2025-12-03Last updated on 2025-12-04

美国银行上调了对中国经济的增长预期。

“AI热潮”、“全球股市强劲上涨”、“美联储降息”、“贸易不确定性”无疑是贯穿今年全年的几大关键词。随着2025年接近尾声,华尔街投行已开始发布对明年全球经济和市场的展望。

在经历2025年美国及全球市场的亮眼表现后,投资者迫切想要知道,本轮上涨行情还有多少后劲。

美国银行全球研究部(Bank of America Global Research)日前在一份报告中预测,全球经济将以超出投资者预期的势头迈入2026年。该行还预计,美国和中国的经济增长将更强劲,人工智能(AI)驱动的投资将持续,市场领头羊将发生轮动。

“尽管市场担忧情绪未消,但我们团队仍然看好经济和人工智能。”美银全球研究部负责人Candace Browning表示。

她指出,外界对AI泡沫即将破裂的担忧属于 “过度夸大”,并预测2026年美国和中国的国内生产总值(GDP)增速将高于市场共识预期。

以下是美国银行对2026年的十大重磅预测:

1、美国GDP增速将高于市场共识预期

美国银行对2026年美国经济增长的展望,比市场整体预期更为乐观。

美银高级经济学家Aditya Bhave预测,明年美国年化GDP增速将达2.4%。驱动因素包括《大而美法案》带来的财政支持、《减税与就业法案》激励措施的恢复、更友好的贸易政策、企业投资回暖,以及美联储降息的滞后效应。

在美银看来,当前宏观经济的基本面并不像许多投资者认为的那样疲软。

2、AI热潮将持续、泡沫论不成立

美银认为,AI投资周期将持续扩张,而非走向破裂。AI相关资本开支,如数据中心、芯片及自动化领域的投入,已经对GDP增长形成拉动,这一驱动力(8.930, -0.19, -2.08%)在2026年仍将保持强劲。

策略师们指出,围绕数据中心、半导体产能和自动化技术的资本支出将保持稳健,不仅能提高生产力,还将支撑企业的盈利水平。

截至目前,iShares半导体ETF年内涨幅已超40%;而自2022年11月OpenAI推出ChatGPT以来,该ETF已累计飙升450%。

3、宏观环境向好、新兴市场将受益

受美元走弱、美国利率下行及油价回落等因素影响,新兴市场的表现有望改善。

美银新兴市场策略师David Hauner指出,这一系列利好因素将缓解新兴市场的融资压力,并在2026年推动更多资本流入发展中经济体。

今年以来,iShares MSCI 新兴市场 ETF涨幅达30%,跑赢了热门的Vanguard标普500 ETF。

4、中国经济增长前景改善

美国银行上调了对中国经济的增长预期。该行首席经济学家Helen Qiao还表示,随着近期贸易谈判释放积极信号,以及各项刺激措施逐渐生效,其预测存在上行空间。

5、标普500盈利强劲,但股价涨幅有限

美银股票分析师Savita Subramanian预计,2026年标普500指数成分股公司的每股收益(EPS)将增长14%,但她认为该指数的上涨空间仅有4%至5%,并将目标点位设定在7100点。

她认为,市场正在从以往消费驱动的周期,转向一个由资本支出,特别是科技和基础设施领域投资所主导的新周期。

6、美债收益率跌幅或超预期

投资者可能高估了美债收益率维持在高位的时间。尽管大多数人预计10年期美债收益率2026年底将处于4%到4.5%之间,但美银利率策略师Mark Cabana预计,该收益率将处于4%至4.25%之间。

他预计,美联储将在2025年12月以及2026年6月和7月分别实施降息,这将给美债收益率带来持续的下行压力。

7、美国房价将保持稳定,但存在上行风险

由Chris Flanagan领导的美银证券化产品团队预测,2026年美国全国房价将基本持平,但房屋成交量会有所回升。房价的区域差异可能会扩大,这取决于当地房屋供应情况及居民购房负担能力。

随着美联储降息带动抵押贷款利率走低,美国房价的风险似乎略微偏向上行。

8、随着AI影响明朗化,市场波动性将加剧

美银预计,随着投资者对AI如何重塑经济基本面拥有更清晰的认识,2026年市场波动性将有所上升。

市场重新评估AI对GDP潜力、通胀走势和企业资本支出周期的影响,可能引发各类资产价格的剧烈波动。

美银还指出,美国财政政策,以及K型复苏将是造成市场动荡的额外因素。

9、私募信贷回报率将有所下降

在经历2025年的强劲表现之后,私募信贷领域的回报率或将有所下降。美银策略师Neha Khoda认为,私募信贷总回报率将从今年的约9%降至2026年的约5.4%。

这一转变可能会促使投资者将目光投向高收益债券或其他提供更高相对价值的收益型资产。

10、铜将有望迎来又一个强劲年份

尽管今年迄今已上涨35%,但铜价有望在2026年进一步上涨。尽管今年建筑业和制造业活动疲软,但供应端的持续紧张支撑了铜价。

美银金属策略师Michael Widmer预计,铜供应短缺的局面将延续,叠加政策宽松及全球需求回暖,铜价将获得进一步支撑。

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