一文读懂新提案EIP-7781:将以太坊吞吐量提高50%

Odaily星球日报Опубликовано 2024-10-09Обновлено 2024-10-09

Введение

EIP-7781或将成为改进以太坊基础层的“第一大”举措。

原文作者:Scof,ChainCatcher

原文编辑:念青,ChainCatcher

近期,以太坊社区一项新的改进提案 (EIP) 引发讨论。新的 EIP-7781 提案旨在通过缩短区块时间和提高数据处理容量,提升以太坊网络的整体吞吐量。这项提案由 Illyriad Games 联合创始人 Ben Adams 于 10 月 5 日提出,简单来说就是将区块生成时间从 12 秒缩短至 8 秒,增加区块的数据处理量,使吞吐量提高 50% 。此外,它还计划通过增加基于 rollup 的延迟,来降低以太坊 Layer 2 网络的费用。

Ben Adams 描述 EIP-7781 时表示,在不增加单个区块或 blob 数量的情况下,将交易吞吐量提高约 33% ;随着时间的推移分配带宽使用量,以降低峰值带宽需求并保持网络效率;这相当于将 blob 数量从 6 增加到 8 ,或将 gas 限制从 30 M 增加到 40 M;但是这种方法不会增加峰值带宽。

Ethereum 基金会的研究员 Justin Drake 对这一提案表示支持。他认为缩短插槽时间至 8 秒将显著提升网络的整体性能与用户体验。这一变更不仅能使网络吞吐量提高 50% ,提升去 DEX(如 Uniswap v3)的效率,每年节省约 1 亿美元的 CEX-DEX 套利成本,还能通过缩短确认时间三分之一,优化 Layer 1 智能合约的用户体验。同时,减少插槽时间还能更好地分配高峰负载,使执行客户端在非验证高峰期的资源利用更加均衡,符合以太坊长期扩展的目标。尽管存在时间博弈加剧的风险,Justin Drake 认为这一变化是迈向更高效、可扩展网络的关键一步。

一文读懂新提案EIP-7781:将以太坊吞吐量提高50%

来源:https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/pull/8931

目前,对于 EIP-7781 的讨论集中于效率提升与去中心化之间的平衡。

缩短区块时间和提高吞吐量显然能改善用户体验,但这也可能增加网络中心化的风险。正如Web3研究员 Vikram 所指出的,验证节点将面对更高的硬件和带宽要求,这使得个人质押者,特别是独立运行节点的用户,可能难以跟上网络的发展。增加硬件要求会削弱网络的去中心化性质,尤其是在以太坊网络中,分散化和去中心化一直是其核心优势之一。如果质押者的准入门槛提升,小型或个人质押者可能会退出网络,导致更多的验证权利集中于大型机构。这种集中化将与以太坊的初衷相违背,使得以太坊的信任模型变得更加依赖少数节点。Cinnehaim Ventures 合伙人 Adam Cochran 指出,虽然该提议看似“合理”,但还需要进一步测试以确保它不会对在家办公的投资者产生负面影响。

不过,EIP-7781 的支持者认为,虽然会对硬件有一定要求,但这些并不会严重影响去中心化。Vitalik 近期还提议降低质押门槛,从 36 ETH 减少到 16 或 24 ETH,这可能会吸引更多个人参与质押。同时,该提案可以更好地平衡网络的带宽使用,减少高峰时段的负荷压力。此外,这一提案还意味着以太坊对 Layer 1 的底层扩展做出了更深远的考虑,与此同时,Layer 2 扩容解决方案仍将继续发展。因此,EIP-7781 的实施不仅是对现有网络性能的优化,还为未来的扩展铺平了道路。匿名开发者 Cygaar 在 X 上的一篇文章中称该提案是改进以太坊基础层的“第一大”举措。虽然大部分开发重点都集中在以太坊第 2 层的扩展解决方案上,但这次升级解决了核心网络的效率问题。

一文读懂新提案EIP-7781:将以太坊吞吐量提高50%

总体来看,EIP-7781 不仅是以太坊提升性能的关键一步,还需要考虑其对网络去中心化的长期影响。如果这一提案能够顺利实施,它将使以太坊网络更具竞争力,尤其是在 DeFi 和智能合约等领域的应用场景中。截至发稿时,ETH 交易价格为 2445 美元,过去 24 小时内上涨了 1.08% 。

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