今晚CPI数据或扼杀美联储加息前景!意外上行也难阻黄金拉升?

金十数据Опубликовано 2023-10-12Обновлено 2023-10-12

Введение

周四公布的通胀报告如果数据放缓,可能会扼杀美联储在下次会议上加息的前景,尽管有迹象显示就业市场持续强劲。

周四公布的通胀报告如果数据放缓,可能会扼杀美联储在下次会议上加息的前景,尽管有迹象显示就业市场持续强劲。

美联储官员正在关注消费者价格指数(CPI)和其他数据,他们正在考虑今年是否有必要再次加息以保持通胀下降。

接受《华尔街日报》调查的经济学家估计,9月份CPI月率为0.3%,年率为3.6%。这与8月份0.6%的月率和3.7%的年率相比有所降温,8月份的增幅是受能源价格上涨推动的。

剔除波动较大的食品和能源项目后,这些经济学家预计9月份的核心CPI也将上涨0.3%,与前一个月的涨幅相同,延续了整个夏季的温和走势。他们估计,9月份核心CPI年率为4.1%,低于上月的4.3%。

核心价格的持续缓慢增长,加上工资增长有所放缓和债券收益率的跳升,可能会让美联储的政策制定者得出结论,认为今年没有必要进一步加息。如果是这样的话,在基准联邦基金利率升至22年来的最高水平之后,最近的一系列加息可能已经达到了顶峰。美国劳工部将于北京时间20点30分公布9月份CPI报告。

美联储主席鲍威尔在9月份决定维持利率不变后强调,官员们将根据新的数据制定货币政策,周四公布的CPI报告将为判断美联储抗击通胀行动的效果提供数据。

FS Investments首席美国分析师Lara Rhame表示,“美联储肯定可以宣称在通胀方面取得进展。但他们绝对不能宣称胜利。”

美联储最关注的劳动力成本恐上涨?

美联储官员希望看到核心价格持续降温,尤其是与劳动力成本的联系往往比商品价格更紧密的服务业。

尽管上个月的招聘表现强劲,但近来工人工资的上涨速度放缓。9月份时薪仅增长0.2%,较上年同期增长4.2%。过去三个月,其年率甚至更低,如果持续下去,将与2%的目标相符。

不过,由于失业率低于4%,裁员也没有明显上升,工人们并没有失去他们在疫情恢复期间获得的所有优势。美国汽车工人联合会(UAW)成员、凯泽永久医疗保健公司员工的罢工,以及最近其他工会合同中工资的大幅上涨,可能会推动整个经济中工人的工资上涨

北方信托首席经济学家坦南鲍姆(Carl Tannenbaum)表示,“这可能会对基本服务的价格构成压力,这是最后几个表现仍不如我们所愿的领域之一。”

美国能源署(EIA)的数据显示,尽管汽油价格攀升导致8月整体通胀走高,但9月通胀涨幅有所放缓,近几周也有所回落。由于中东战争,油价可能再次上涨。本周早些时候,中东战争推高了油价。

美联储并不以对利率变化不太敏感的大宗商品价格为目标,但汽油价格上涨仍可能削弱消费者信心和支出,并影响到机票和航运等其他产品的成本。

债券市场的抛售也让在不引发经济衰退(即所谓的软着陆)的情况下抑制通胀的前景变得模糊。美联储提高了短期利率,通过减缓经济增长来抑制通胀。这一过程旨在推高长期债券收益率,从而推高住房、汽车和其他大宗商品的借贷成本。不过,这些债券的收益率最近触及了16年高点,大大收紧了信贷环境。更高的利率可能会进一步放缓房地产市场,抑制消费者支出。

旧金山联储主席戴利上周表示,在这种情况下,美联储采取进一步行动的必要性“减弱了”

数据上行也难阻黄金买盘主导市场

分析师克里希南(Barani Krishnan)指出了不同CPI数据会对美元产生的影响。

场景1:CPI保持不变或更高。

如果CPI数字保持不变或更高,我们很可能会看到反弹到106.00的5日移动平均线,而前一天的高点106.25将成为下一个阻力位。

如果美元继续上涨,预计将进一步向106.60 -106.70水平回升。

场景2:CPI低于预期。

如果CPI数据显示下降,美元目前的下行修正可能会进一步延伸至105.55,并达到105.40的关键支撑位。它可能还会进一步跌破这一主要支撑位并进一步修正,目标可能是104.80和104.40。

分析师Joshua Gibson认为,美国9月CPI年率预计从3.7%小幅下降至3.6%,数据意外上行可能会导致市场对通胀的担忧重新抬头,从而促使美元再次强势走高。但与此同时,流入美元的资金依然有限,而黄金交易员也未能进一步主导市场。黄金买盘面临50日均线(1900美元附近)的挑战。

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