Grayscale:腰斩之后,BTC 已接近本轮周期底部

marsbitPublished on 2026-07-01Last updated on 2026-07-01

Abstract

比特币近期跌破6万美元,较去年10月峰值已腰斩。Grayscale研究主管认为,此次下跌是长期上升趋势中的周期性回调,而非趋势逆转。 当前市场面临多重压力:美联储政策预期转向鹰派,市场开始计价加息,压制了比特币的“货币贬值交易”逻辑;同时,CLARITY法案在参议院的前景不明、部分数字资产公司资产负债表承压,以及量子计算带来的安全担忧也影响了市场情绪。 报告指出比特币走出熊市的两种可能路径: 1. **乐观情景**:若CLARITY法案通过、相关公司稳定其资产负债表,且美联储不加息,比特币可能已接近底部。 2. **悲观情景**:若法案未通过、行业继续去杠杆,且美联储为抗通胀而加息,比特币价格可能进一步温和下探。但报告认为,鉴于本轮牛市涨幅相对克制且机构需求更具黏性,本轮跌幅应不及历史周期中约80%的深跌。 尽管短期面临逆风,报告对数字资产中长期前景保持极度乐观,认为监管环境改善仍在推动公链技术的机构采用,且政府债务膨胀、对中介机构信任下滑及AI发展等深层逻辑未变。当前估值对长线投资者而言或是具有吸引力的布局机会。

作者:Zach Pandl(Grayscale 研究主管)

编译: 深潮 TechFlow

深潮导读:比特币这周跌破 6 万美元,创下本轮周期新低,从 10 月 12.5 万美元的高点算起已经腰斩。Grayscale 研究主管 Zach Pandl 把这次回撤放进历史周期里看,认为它只是上升趋势中的又一次周期性回调,而非趋势逆转。他给出走出熊市的两种情景:乐观情形下比特币可能已经接近底部,悲观情形下还会再跌一段。判断的关键变量是美联储加不加息、CLARITY 法案能不能过参议院。这篇是研报视角,服务于持币者对方向的判断。

这周比特币跌破 6 万美元,刷新了本轮周期的低点。从 10 月 12.5 万美元的峰值算起,比特币现在已经跌了超过 50%。在我们看来,这次回撤是比特币长期上升趋势里的又一次周期性回调(图 1)。

图 1:比特币的回撤,只是上升趋势中的又一个周期。深色线是比特币价格(对数,左轴),橙色线是基于 HP 滤波的统计趋势线,浅紫色线是价格与趋势之间的周期偏离(右轴)。2012、2014、2018、2022 几个年份的周期低点被标了出来,可以看到当前的周期偏离又一次回到了零轴以下。

数据来源:Coin Metrics、Grayscale Investments,截至 2026 年 6 月 26 日的月度均值。过往表现不代表未来结果。

最近几个月压制比特币价格的因素有好几个。最关键的是市场对美联储政策的预期变了,这直接打击了「货币贬值交易」的逻辑。去年底,预测市场普遍认为特朗普会提名相对鸽派的 Kevin Hasset 出任美联储主席。结果他提名的是相对鹰派的 Kevin Warsh,Warsh 这个月已经正式上任。因为通胀顽固,市场现在预期美联储今年不是降息,而是加息(图 2)。黄金现货价格同样在跟法币(比如美元)竞争,它从高点跌了约 25%,在做过波动率调整之后,跌幅跟比特币差不多。1

图 2:市场现在预期 Warsh 领导的美联储会加息。橙色线是美联储目标利率,深色线是 2 年期掉期利率。左半段掉期利率低于目标利率(市场预期降息),2026 年 3 月之后掉期利率反超目标利率并持续走高(市场预期加息)。

数据来源:Bloomberg、Grayscale Investments,截至 2026 年 6 月 26 日。过往表现不代表未来结果。

除了美联储预期转向,加密市场眼下还在跟三件事较劲:一是 CLARITY 法案能不能通过还不确定;二是 Strategy 那张带杠杆的资产负债表承压;三是投资者担心量子计算带来的数字资产安全风险。

与此同时,监管环境改善仍在推动机构采用公链技术。我们认为这是数字资产市场最重要的结构性趋势。就在这个月,CFTC 批准了美国市场上第一批永续期货,稳定币和代币化资产的增长会给不少头部公链带来支撑。加密资产背后那些更广泛的社会和政治底层逻辑也都还在:政府债务无节制膨胀、公众对中介机构的信任下滑、以及 AI 的崛起。AI 可能会催生对替代性支付系统的需求,也催生对能守住人类主权的技术的需求。

大体上,我们看到比特币走出这轮熊市有两条路(图 3)。基准情景是:CLARITY 法案闯过参议院,Strategy 采取措施加固资产负债表,美联储按住不加息。如果接下来的消息都往这个方向走,比特币价格可能已经离底部不远了。下行情景是:CLARITY 法案今年没能通过,Strategy 和其他 DAT(数字资产财库公司)进一步去杠杆,美联储因为通胀不退被迫加息。如果下行风险兑现,比特币还可能温和下探。历史上几轮周期,比特币价格都跌过约 80%,但我们不认为这轮从顶到底的回撤会那么深,原因是这轮牛市本身涨得比较克制,加上机构对数字资产的需求更黏。

图 3:比特币走出最新熊市的两种情景。图中把历史上几轮周期的价格走势对齐到同一起点(周期结束日 = 100),横轴是周期结束后的天数。灰色是 Jun-11、橙色是 Dec-13、紫色是 Dec-17、绿色是 Nov-21、深绿是本轮 Oct-25。右侧两条虚线是期权隐含定价的 80 分位和 20 分位路径,对应上文的乐观与下行两种情景。历史上最惨的几轮(如 Jun-11、Dec-17)跌到只剩 10-20 的位置。

数据来源:Bloomberg、Coin Metrics、Grayscale Investments,比特币以 BTC/USD 现货计价,周期定义为历史上超过 100 天、跌幅 50% 以上的时段,截至 2026 年 6 月 25 日。过往表现不代表未来结果,仅供说明。

Grayscale 研究团队对加密资产的中长期前景依然极度乐观。过去十年它是表现最好的资产类别2,我们认为未来十年它还会是。投资者会围绕短期催化剂管理自己的组合风险,来满足各自的需求。但在我们看来,当下这轮熊市给了长线投资者一个很好的机会,可以提前布局,押注未来十年公链技术和数字资产估值的结构性增长。

核心结论:比特币价格有没有见到本轮周期的低点,取决于接下来的几个催化剂,包括美联储的利率决定,以及 CLARITY 法案在美国参议院的进展。我们看到加密资产有许多结构性利好,认为当前估值对长线投资者来说是很有吸引力的入场点。

1 考虑到两者相对波动率的差异(过去两年黄金 22%、比特币 47%),黄金 25% 的跌幅大致对应比特币 40-50% 的跌幅。

2 资产类别以下列指数代表:标普 500 全收益指数(美股)、道琼斯房地产全收益指数(房地产)、标普/GSCI 全收益指数(大宗商品)、彭博美国综合债券指数(美国债券)、MSCI 新兴市场全收益指数(新兴市场股票)、彭博美国国债指数(美国国债)。

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Related Questions

Q这篇文章的核心观点是什么?

A文章认为,虽然比特币价格近期出现了超过50%的回撤,但这只是其长期上升趋势中的又一次周期性回调,而非趋势逆转。当前熊市可能已接近底部,但也存在继续下行的风险。未来走势的关键变量包括美联储利率政策(特别是是否加息)以及CLARITY法案在参议院的通过情况。文章对加密资产的中长期结构性前景保持极度乐观。

QGrayscale研究主管Zach Pandl认为当前影响比特币价格的主要负面因素有哪些?

A主要负面因素包括:1. 市场对美联储货币政策的预期转向鹰派(从预期降息变为预期加息),这打击了“货币贬值交易”的逻辑。2. 美国《CLARITY法案》能否通过存在不确定性。3. Strategy(一家数字资产财库公司)的资产负债表承压。4. 投资者对量子计算可能带来的数字资产安全风险存在担忧。

Q文章提到了比特币走出当前熊市的哪两种情景?

A文章指出了两种情景:1. 基准(乐观)情景:CLARITY法案通过参议院,Strategy公司稳定了资产负债表,美联储不加息。这种情况下,比特币价格可能已经接近底部。2. 下行(悲观)情景:CLARITY法案今年未能通过,Strategy等数字资产财库公司进一步去杠杆,美联储被迫加息以应对顽固通胀。如果这些风险兑现,比特币价格可能温和下探。

Q文章如何论证比特币本次回撤的幅度与历史周期相比并不极端?

A文章通过图3将本轮周期(2025年10月开始)与历史上几个典型的熊市周期(2011年6月、2013年12月、2017年12月、2021年11月)的走势进行了对比,并将其统一标准化。历史上的严重熊市曾跌至周期起点的10%-20%(即回撤80%-90%)。而文章认为,由于本轮牛市的上涨相对克制,且机构对数字资产的需求更具黏性,所以本轮从顶部开始的回撤深度不会像历史上最惨的周期那样达到80%。

Q除了短期市场因素,文章认为支撑加密资产长期前景的“结构性趋势”和“底层逻辑”是什么?

A文章提到的支撑长期前景的结构性趋势和底层逻辑包括:1. 监管环境改善正在推动机构采用公链技术(例如CFTC批准了美国首批永续期货)。2. 稳定币和代币化资产的增长将为头部公链提供支撑。3. 更广泛的社会和政治逻辑:政府债务无节制膨胀、公众对传统中介机构的信任下滑。4. 人工智能的崛起,可能催生对替代性支付系统的需求,以及对能保障人类主权的技术(如加密资产)的需求。

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536 Total ViewsPublished 2025.05.13Updated 2025.05.13

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