特朗普大漂亮”法案通过,一文读懂“大漂亮”法案最终版

华尔街见闻Published on 2025-07-04Last updated on 2025-07-04

Abstract

该法案的成本引发了投资者和经济学家对未来借贷需求规模的担忧。按照目前轨迹,到2035年,美国债务负担将超过经济规模的118%。

几经波折,特朗普政府推动的3.4万亿美元税收和支出法案获美国国会通过,标志着美国国内政策方向的重大转变。

当地时间周四,美国众议院以218票对214票的微弱优势通过了特朗普政府“大漂亮法案”的立法,赶在特朗普设定的7月4日最后期限前送交总统签署。特朗普表示计划于周五下午4点在白宫举行的仪式上签署这项法案。

该法案在国会两院的“闯关”过程充满了戏剧性,周三众议院领导层不得不将早期程序性投票延长数小时,以说服少数反对者支持该立法,此前副总统JD Vance在参议院以51票对50票的表决中投出关键一票打破平局。

这项立法标志着美国财政政策的重大转向,从拜登时代的清洁能源投资和社会保障扩张,转向延续特朗普第一任期内的减税、国防开支增加和移民执法强化的政策组合,大幅削减了医疗项目、食品援助和清洁能源项目的资金。

减税条款永久化,哈佛等私立大学面临8%的净投资收入税

法案永久延长了特朗普2017年《减税和就业法案》的大部分个人和遗产税条款,这些条款原定于2025年底到期。延长的条款包括提高标准扣除额、降低大多数纳税人的所得税税率、增加儿童税收抵免,以及将个人免征联邦遗产税的遗产金额翻倍。

法案还兑现了特朗普2024年竞选承诺的新税收优惠,包括对小费和加班费免税,但仅持续到2028年。来自纽约等高税收州的众议院共和党人成功争取将州和地方税收扣除(SALT)上限从1万美元提高到4万美元,年收入超过50万美元的纳税人扣除额将逐步减少。五年后,该限额将回到1万美元。

哈佛等拥有大额捐赠基金的私立大学将面临8%的净投资收入税,高于目前的1.4%税率。法案还取消了2022年拜登政府制定的电动汽车和气候项目税收抵免,并为美国制造汽车的汽车贷款利息增加新的税收减免。

社会保障项目面临大幅削减

法案对社会安全网项目进行了大幅削减,特别是医疗补助计划(Medicaid),未来十年将削减近1万亿美元。根据国会预算办公室(CBO)的估计,到2034年,该法案对医疗补助计划的修改可能导致1180万美国人失去健康保险。

具体措施包括:

为医疗补助接受者增加工作要求

限制各州征税医疗保健提供者以资助该计划的能力

为补充营养援助计划(SNAP)增设新的工作要求

要求各州承担SNAP计划更大比例的成本

CBO估计,SNAP的扩大工作要求将减少约320万人参与该计划。

提高债务上限,增加移民与国防支出

该法案大幅增加军事支出和移民执法资金,包括:

近470亿美元用于美国南部边境墙的建设

450亿美元用于拘留中心

此外,法案还将国家债务上限提高了5万亿美元,消除了财政部预测可能在没有国会行动的情况下最早在8月中旬出现的市场震荡性支付违约风险。

关税收入难以覆盖减税成本

据美国国会预算办公室(CBO)预测,该立法将在未来十年为美国赤字增加3.4万亿美元。

特朗普政府声称减税和放松管制带来的经济增长,以及关税收入,将有助于抵消法案成本。白宫经济顾问委员会计算,法案的减税措施将在四年内将通胀调整后的国内生产总值提高4.2%至5.2%。

白宫贸易顾问纳瓦罗曾表示关税将在10年内产生约6万亿至7万亿美元,而财政部长贝森特则称关税每年可带来3000亿至6000亿美元。

然而,大多数经济学家预测特朗普的关税产生的收入将远低于税收和支出法案在十年内对政府造成的收入损失估算成本。

据CBO估计,截至5月13日实施的特朗普关税将在2035年前的十年内减少预算赤字2.8万亿美元,而无党派的税收基金会则将这一数字估计为约1.4万亿美元。

该法案的成本引发了投资者和经济学家对未来借贷需求规模的担忧。按照目前轨迹,到2035年,美国债务负担将超过经济规模的118%。

Trending Cryptos

Related Reads

Hacker Leaks GTA6 and Launches a Token: Leaked Videos Become Ad Space for $CYBERLEEK, Must Buy Tokens to Vote for Next Clip

A hacker group called "CyberLeek" has leaked gameplay footage of the highly anticipated video game *GTA 6*, which is slated for release in 2026. Simultaneously, the group launched a meme token, $CYBERLEEK, on Solana. The leaks, which include maps and gameplay clips, are heavily watermarked with advertisements urging viewers to buy the token. Investigations of blockchain data reveal that the token was created and funded from a single wallet approximately eight hours before the first leak was released, suggesting a coordinated plan. The group has implemented a voting system where token holders can "vote" for the next type of content to be leaked by sending $CYBERLEEK tokens to a designated wallet—a process that permanently transfers the tokens to the hackers. This creates a self-sustaining cycle where interest in the leaks drives token purchases. Financially, the operation involved minimal upfront costs (less than $3,500 in out-of-pocket expenses) but generated significant revenue. On its first day, the token saw $15 million in trading volume, netting the creators an estimated $30,000 from transaction fees alone. While the group later burned a large portion of its developer-held tokens (worth over $1 million) to build trust, the fee-generating mechanism remains intact. The game's publisher, Take-Two Interactive, has initiated legal proceedings to identify the hackers. Despite this, the case demonstrates a new model where leaked intellectual property is used as leverage to promote and profit from a cryptocurrency, with meme token markets serving as an additional revenue stream.

marsbit1h ago

Hacker Leaks GTA6 and Launches a Token: Leaked Videos Become Ad Space for $CYBERLEEK, Must Buy Tokens to Vote for Next Clip

marsbit1h ago

Jensen Huang's Daughter: From Chef to an $8 Million Annual Salary

Madison Huang, daughter of NVIDIA founder Jensen Huang, recently made a rare public appearance in Beijing during the 2026 World Robot Conference. As the Senior Director of Product and Technology Marketing for NVIDIA's Physical AI Platform, with an annual salary of approximately $1.2 million, her visit focused on evaluating leading Chinese robotics companies like UBTech, Unitree, and others. This highlights NVIDIA's strategic interest in the burgeoning Chinese robotics ecosystem, a key battleground for the development of Physical AI—technology that enables machines to understand and interact with the physical world. Huang's career path is unconventional. Initially pursuing her passion, she studied culinary arts, worked as a chef, and later held a marketing role at LVMH. She joined NVIDIA as an intern in 2020 after completing an MBA, quickly rising through the ranks. Her brother, Spencer Huang, followed a similar path, closing a cocktail bar he co-founded to also join NVIDIA, where he now works on robotics software. Jensen Huang has publicly addressed nepotism concerns, humorously noting that some "second-generation" employees outperform their parents. The conference itself underscored China's vibrant robotics sector, marked by Unitree's recent blockbuster IPO and a pipeline of companies preparing to go public. While hardware development and manufacturing are advancing rapidly, industry leaders like Wang Xingxing of Unitree point to the next critical challenge: developing the "brain" or AI that allows robots to perform diverse, unseen tasks based on simple instructions. With massive manufacturing scale and diverse real-world testing scenarios, China is positioned as a central player in the global race to define the future of robotics.

marsbit4h ago

Jensen Huang's Daughter: From Chef to an $8 Million Annual Salary

marsbit4h ago

Trading

Spot

Hot Articles

What is TRUMP CAT

Trump Cat Family, $Trump Cat: An Unraveled Mystery Introduction In the constantly evolving landscape of crypto projects and web3 innovations, a curious phenomenon has emerged—one that appears to straddle the line between cryptocurrency and internet meme culture. This is the enigmatic “Trump Cat Family”, also referred to as “$Trump Cat”. Though it might arouse curiosity among crypto enthusiasts, the reality appears far removed from the standard definition of a crypto project. This article aims to explore the concept of Trump Cat Family, bringing to light the context surrounding it and clarifying its status in the crypto realm. What is Trump Cat Family, $Trump Cat? At first glance, one might think that “Trump Cat Family” refers to a legitimate cryptocurrency or web3 project. However, upon deeper investigation, it becomes evident that the term lacks the trappings of a traditional crypto venture. Instead, “Trump Cat” seems to be predominantly associated with the viral meme culture that surged following controversial statements made by former U.S. President Donald Trump regarding Haitian immigrants. The media coverage sparked a myriad of memes, humoristic interpretations, and a wave of social commentary. These memes depict various forms of satire centered on Trump's dialogue, often utilizing cats in comedic and sometimes absurd scenarios. Rather than a structured project aimed at addressing technological advancements or financial transactions, the “Trump Cat Family” concept exists predominantly in the realm of internet humor. Who is the Creator of Trump Cat Family, $Trump Cat? In the investigation of who stands behind the “Trump Cat Family,” it becomes apparent that there exists no identifiable creator or founding figure. The phenomenon seems to have originated from collective internet expression, rather than from a singular visionary with a defined project goal. This anonymity further emphasizes its status as a meme rather than a structured initiative akin to most known crypto projects. Who are the Investors of Trump Cat Family, $Trump Cat? Given that “Trump Cat Family” does not conform to the characteristics of a reputable crypto project, the question of investment becomes moot. There have been no established foundations or organizations expressing support for a project by this name. Instead, what exists are individual contributors to meme culture—hobbyists, artists, and social media users who collectively populate the internet with their interpretations and humor surrounding the term “Trump Cat.” This organic growth within digital human communication reflects more of a social commentary than a financial investment landscape. How Does Trump Cat Family, $Trump Cat Work? If one seeks to establish how “Trump Cat Family” operates, the answer is vastly different from what might be expected of standard crypto projects. There are no operational mechanisms, technological innovations, or unique features inherent to this phenomenon. Instead, it exists through viral spread online, relying upon social media platforms for proliferation. The “how” lies in the realm of culture and communication—its essence derived from the dynamics of social interaction rather than from established crypto protocols or blockchain functionalities. What makes “Trump Cat” unique, if anything, is the way it dramatizes a political dialogue through humor. People utilize engaging visuals, inside jokes, and inventive storytelling to convey sentiments regarding political figures and societal issues. The power of memes transcends traditional communication, encapsulating complex thoughts in a form that resonates widely, yet remains elusive in terms of quantifiable success or structured goals. Timeline of Trump Cat Family, $Trump Cat September 2024: The discourse surrounding Donald Trump's comments about Haitian immigrants allegedly consuming pets gains traction online, leading to a blossoming of memes and parodic interpretations across various platforms. Continuing Impact: Following this period, the “Trump Cat” phenomenon sees continued life as social media users leverage humor to address, critique, or simply celebrate the absurdity of political conversations and events. It is essential to note that as “Trump Cat Family” lacks the formal structure of a traditional project, the timeline consists primarily of anecdotal observation rather than remarkable milestones commonly found in recognized crypto ventures. Key Points Meme Culture: Rather than a structured crypto initiative, “Trump Cat” aligns more with the evolving landscape of internet memes. Origin of the Term: The genesis of “Trump Cat” relates directly to commentary on President Trump's remarks about Haitian immigrants, sparking widespread humoristic representation. Absence of a Project Framework: The term fails to align with any defined project objectives, creators, or investors, marking it as a novel cultural experience rather than a crypto project. Conclusion In summary, the investigation into “Trump Cat Family, $Trump Cat” reveals a phenomenon entrenched in internet meme culture rather than a recognized project within the cryptocurrency or web3 sectors. The virality surrounding the term is birthed from collective user engagement, reflective of modern digital discourse rather than a formalized initiative with structure or strategic foresight. For all the curiosity it may invoke among those seeking the next big crypto project, “Trump Cat Family” serves as a testament to humanity's creativity, humor, and often absurd relationship with politics in the digital age.

3.4k Total ViewsPublished 2025.01.22Updated 2025.01.22

What is TRUMP CAT

TRUMP: Decoding Trump's Crypto "Game of Power"

This article analyzes the underlying mechanics and participation approaches within the $TRUMP ecosystem, examining its technical, narrative, and community aspects.

41.9k Total ViewsPublished 2025.04.23Updated 2025.04.29

TRUMP: Decoding Trump's Crypto "Game of Power"

Discussions

Welcome to the HTX Community. Here, you can stay informed about the latest platform developments and gain access to professional market insights. Users' opinions on the price of TRUMP (TRUMP) are presented below.

活动图片