【牛熊拐点已至】比特币周期大猜想:谁在主导涨跌?

深潮TechFlowPublished on 2025-04-21Last updated on 2026-07-02

Abstract

我们正站在历史的哪个关口?

撰文:Bitcoin Magazine Pro
编译:白话区块链


2025 年比特币并未如许多人预期的那样迎来爆发式开局。在价格突破 10 万美元后,出现了大幅回调,投资者和分析师们开始质疑我们在比特币整体周期中所处的位置。
本文将透过市场噪音,深入分析一系列关键的链上数据和宏观指标,以评估比特币的牛市是否仍然完好,或者是否将面临更深的调整。


健康回调还是周期终结?


一个很好的起点是 MVRV-Z 分数,这是一个长期使用的估值指标,用于比较市场价值与已实现价值。在达到约 3.36 的峰值后,MVRV-Z 分数已降至约 1.43,与比特币从 10 万美元以上跌至 7.5 万美元的低点相吻合。乍看之下,这 30% 的回调似乎很严重。


图 1:近期 MVRV Z 分数已从 2025 年的低点 1.43 反弹


历史上,与当前 MVRV-Z 分数水平相当的时期往往标志着局部底部,而非顶部。此前的周期,包括 2017 年和 2021 年,都出现过类似的回调,随后价格恢复上涨。简而言之,尽管此次下跌动摇了投资者的信心,但它与牛市期间的历史性回调一致。


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另一个关键指标是价值天数销毁(VDD)倍数。该指标衡量比特币的移动速度,并根据币被持有时间加权。VDD 倍数的高峰通常表明老练的持有者在获利了结,而低水平则暗示积累。


目前,该指标处于「绿色区域」的低位,类似于熊市后期或早期恢复阶段的水平。鉴于价格从 10 万美元以上的急剧反转,我们可能正在见证获利了结浪潮的结束,长期积累的迹象再次出现,预示着对更高价格的预期。


图 2:当前的 VDD 倍数表明长期持有者正处于积累阶段


比特币周期资本流动图是链上数据中最具洞察力的图表之一,它按币龄细分实现了资本流动。它区分了不同群体,如新市场参与者(持有不到 1 个月)和中期持有者(1-2 年),以观察资本迁移情况。在比特币价格达到 10.6 万美元峰值时,红色带(新持有者)的活动激增,表明 FOMO 驱动的买家在顶部附近蜂拥而入。此后,该群体的活动显著降温,回到了与牛市早期至中期一致的水平。


相反,1-2 年持有者群体(通常是宏观敏锐的积累者)开始再次上升。这种反向相关性很关键:长期持有者在市场低点积累,而较新的参与者则在低点投降或退出。这些动态与早前牛市周期(特别是 2020 年和 2021 年)的积累 - 分配模式相似。


图 3:比特币周期资本流动图显示比特币正流向更有经验的持有者


我们现在处于什么阶段?


从宏观视角来看,我们将比特币市场周期分为三个关键阶段:

  • 熊市阶段:深度回调(70-90%)
  • 恢复阶段:收复前高
  • 牛市 / 指数阶段:突破前高后的抛物线式上涨

2015 年和 2018 年的熊市持续了大约 13-14 个月。我们最近的熊市周期也持续了 14 个月。过去周期的恢复阶段持续了大约 23-26 个月,而我们当前的周期正处于这一时间窗口内。


图 4:利用过去周期趋势估算潜在的牛市峰值


然而,这一轮牛市阶段有些不同寻常。在突破历史高点后,价格并未立即飙升,而是出现了回调。这可能表明我们只是在进入指数阶段的更陡峭部分之前形成了一个更高的低点。如果我们取过去周期指数阶段 9 个月和 11 个月的平均值,预计牛市可能在 2025 年 9 月左右达到顶峰,前提是牛市阶段恢复。


宏观风险


尽管链上数据令人鼓舞,但宏观阻力依然存在。标普 500 与比特币相关性图表分析显示,比特币与美国股市仍高度相关。随着对全球经济衰退的担忧加剧,传统市场的持续疲软可能在短期内限制比特币的上涨能力。


图 5:比特币与美国股市的相关性


小结


正如我们在分析中所见,关键链上指标,如 MVRV Z 分数、价值天数销毁和比特币周期资本流动,显示出健康且与周期一致的行为,以及长期持有者积累的迹象。然而,市场中仍存在显著的宏观不确定性,这是需要关注的关键风险。


本轮周期比过去周期更慢且更不均衡,但并未打破历史结构。如果能避免传统市场的进一步恶化,比特币似乎已准备好迎来下一波上涨,可能在第三季度或第四季度初达到顶峰。

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