Apple AI战略遭质疑:承诺与兑现的差距,慢节奏能否后来居上?

marsbitPublished on 2025-06-23Last updated on 2025-06-24

在 2024 年 Apple 的全球开发者大会(WWDC)上,Apple 公司推出了其 AI 战略,并将其命名为“Apple Intelligence”。

这是一个充满希望的愿景,引发了诸多期待。然而,自发布以来,Apple 在过去一年中饱受批评,人们认为其 AI 战略承诺过高,但兑现不足。

Apple 的 AI 战略因入场过晚、云服务能力有限以及过度强调设备端处理而受到批评。批评人士认为,Apple 在基础 AI 研究和大型语言模型(LLM)开发方面落后于 OpenAI、谷歌和微软等企业。Apple 没有尽早构建强大的 AI 平台,而是专注于隐私和硬件,导致其依赖于合作伙伴,比如将 ChatGPT 集成到 Siri 中。

质疑者还指出,Apple 坚持主要在设备端运行 AI 模型。虽然这种方法保护了隐私并提高了速度,但与基于云的系统相比,限制了 AI 功能的规模和复杂性。一些开发者和分析师认为,这限制了 Apple 提供真正变革性 AI 体验的能力。

在今年 6 月初的全球开发者大会(WWDC)上,Apple 公开承认 2024 年 Apple Intelligence 发布时承诺的很多功能都已延期。Apple 软件工程高级副总裁 Craig Federighi 表示:“我们仍将继续努力,让 Siri 更加个性化。这项工作需要更多时间才能达到我们的高质量标准,我们期待在明年分享更多相关信息。”

Open AI、谷歌、Meta、微软以及各大厂商都拥有自己的 LLM 引擎。但 Apple 需要与第三方合作并使用其技术,才能将 AI 整合到其操作系统和应用程序中。在这种情况下,Apple 与 Open AI 和 ChatGPT 合作,将 AI 功能添加到 MacOS 和 iOS 中。

这项计划最初宣布时,被认为是一项雄心勃勃的计划。谷歌拥有自己的 Gemini LLM,这意味着他们可以从底层开始将 AI 精细地集成到 Android 系统中。这让 Android 在将 AI 集成到移动操作系统方面占据了优势。

虽然这或许是一种更好的方法,但 Apple 做了一件挺有意思的事。至少在短期内,他们正在将 AI 赋能到自己的应用中。

Apple 已将 Apple Intelligence 集成到其多款应用中。以下是一些主要示例:

照片:

  • 清理工具:此工具使用生成式 AI 从照片中移除不需要的物体或人物。
  • 回忆:Apple Intelligence 可以根据用户的描述,帮助用户将照片和视频制作成电影。
  • 自然语言搜索:用户只需描述要查找的内容即可搜索照片和视频。

邮件:

  • 优先处理邮件:邮件应用可以根据内容对收到的邮件进行分类,并为重要邮件设置“Primary”类别。
  • 智能回复:AI 智能回复功能可帮助用户快速高效地回复电子邮件。
  • 邮件摘要:Apple Intelligence 可提供邮件和信息对话的摘要。

信息和 FaceTime:

  • 实时翻译:可实时自动翻译信息。
  • 减少干扰,专注模式:此专注模式利用 AI 最大限度地减少干扰。
  • Intelligent Breakthrough & Silencing:专注模式下的这些功能可帮助用户过滤通知,以更有效地管理。

备忘录:

  • Image Wand:Apple Pencil 工具面板中的此功能可让用户将手绘图转换为图像,并可根据文字创建图像。

快捷指令:

  • 智能操作:Apple Intelligence 在快捷指令中启用了一组新的智能操作,允许用户利用 AI 模型在其工作流程中执行文本摘要或图像生成等任务。

Siri:

  • 增强功能:由于与 Apple Intelligence 集成,Siri 更加强大和智能。它现在能够处理更复杂的查询,理解更多的文字,并拥有全新的外观和体验。
  • ChatGPT 集成:Siri 可以访问 ChatGPT 来响应更复杂的任务或问题。

Apple 还允许其他应用程序利用 Apple Intelligence 核心的设备内置 AI 模型。

Apple 在其应用中对 AI 的快速响应至关重要,但鉴于 AI 的数据覆盖范围遍及全球,有人批评它与云系统相比限制了 AI 功能的规模和复杂性,这种批评也是合理的。

这使得一些分析师和媒体认为,Apple 需要收购现成的 LLM 公司,以帮助应对全球 AI 的扩张。虽然这是一个有趣的想法,但不太可能实现。

Apple 在利用现有的 LLM 合作伙伴关系以及这种策略方面做得越来越好。在此过程中,Apple 正在研发自己的 LLM,以便获得所需的控制权,从而保护客户数据的隐私,并提供 Apple 产品所擅长的那种隐私保护。

Ed Handy 在《Cult of Mac》杂志上对 Apple 的 AI 战略进行了深入分析,其认为 Apple 的缓慢推出并不是一场危机。他认为:

“Apple 在 AI 领域并没有领先,而且大多数用户也不会注意到 AI 是 21 世纪 20 年代的热门技术,Apple 甚至在这一领域的发展却远远落后。OpenAI 的 ChatGPT 聊天机器人让 Apple 的 Siri 看起来就像一个高中生的科学项目。谷歌 Gemini 生成的图片让 Apple Image Playground 生成的图片显得十分可笑。Apple 原计划在一年后推出增强版的 Siri,但如今看来这一计划要推迟。不过,这些其实都不重要。真的不重要。

让我们来看看谷歌的安卓操作系统,看看其中的原因。Android 在集成 AI 功能方面领先于 iPhone,但这并没有让用户更满意。最新的美国客户满意度指数调查显示,三星用户对 Android 智能手机的满意度比一年前降低了 1%。谷歌和摩托罗拉 Android 手机的满意度均下降了 3%。但该调查还发现,iPhone 用户的满意度也降低了 1%。这意味着酷炫的新 AI 功能,或者缺乏这些功能,对普通用户对其手机的看法都没有影响。”

作为一个关注 Apple 超 40 年的人,个人可以证明 Apple 一直在按照自己的节奏前进。而且他们推出 Apple Intelligence 的方式不会受外界批评的影响。

Apple 公司历来擅长创造新产品和服务。尽管有些批评有一定道理,但 Apple 让其应用程序具备 AI 功能的方法仍是一项稳健的策略,未来还有很大的创新空间。

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