Mira 协议如何透过去中心化共识机制,让 AI 更诚实?

深潮Published on 2025-05-23Last updated on 2025-05-23

Mira 提供了一个新方向:不靠单一 AI 决定答案,而是靠一群独立模型来“投票定真”。

作者:Messari

编译:Elponcho,链新闻

在生成式 AI 蓬勃发展的今天,我们仍难以解决一个根本问题:AI 有时会一本正经地胡说八道。这种现象在业界被称为“幻觉”(hallucination)。而 Mira,一个专为 AI 输出验证而设计的去中心化协议,正试图透过多模型共识机制与加密审计,为 AI 增加“事实可信度”。以下,我们来看 Mira 是如何运作的、为什么它比传统做法更有效,以及它目前在真实应用中的成果。

本报导内容根据 Messari 发布的研究报告整理撰写。

去中心化的事实验证协议:Mira 的基本运作原理

Mira 并不是一个 AI 模型,而是一个嵌入式的验证层。当一个 AI 模型产出回应后(例如 chatbot 回答、摘要、自动化报告等),Mira 会将输出拆解成一连串独立的事实主张。这些主张会被送往其分散式验证网路,每个节点(即验证者)各自运行不同架构的 AI 模型,来评估这些主张是否为真。

每个节点都会针对主张给出“正确”、“错误”或“不确定”的判断,最后系统依据多数共识来做出总体决策。若大多数模型认可某个主张为真,该主张就会被核准;否则就会被标注、驳回,或提示警告。

这个过程完全透明、可审计。每一笔验证都会产生一个加密证书,标明验证过程中参与的模型、投票结果、时间戳记等,供第三方查验。

为什么 AI 需要像 Mira 这样的验证系统?

生成式 AI 模型(如 GPT、Claude)并不是决定论式的工具,它们是依照机率预测下一个字元,并不具备内建的“事实感知”。这样的设计让它们可以写诗、讲笑话,但也意味着:它们可能一本正经地制造虚假资讯。

Mira 提出的验证机制,正是要解决 AI 目前的四大核心问题:

  1. 幻觉泛滥:AI 编造政策、虚构历史事件、乱引文献的案例层出不穷。

  2. 黑箱运作:使用者不知道 AI 的答案从何而来,无法追溯。

  3. 非一致性输出:同样的问题,AI 可能给出不同答案。

  4. 中心化控制:目前大多数 AI 模型由少数几家公司垄断,用户无法查证其逻辑或争取第二意见。

传统验证方法的局限

目前的替代方案,例如人类审查(Human-in-the-loop)、规则式过滤器、模型自我校验等,都各有不足:

  • 人工审查难以规模化,速度慢且成本高。

  • 规则式过滤局限于预定场景,对创造性错误无能为力。

  • 模型自审效果差,AI 经常对错误答案过度自信。

  • 集中式 Ensemble虽然能交叉检查,但缺乏模型多样性,容易形成“集体盲点”。

Mira 的创新机制:结合共识机制与 AI 分工

Mira 的关键创新是将区块链共识概念引入 AI 验证。每一笔 AI 输出,在经过 Mira 后,会变成多个独立的事实陈述,由各式 AI 模型进行“投票”。只有在超过一定比例模型达成一致时,该内容才会被视为可信。

Mira 核心设计优势包括:

  • 模型多样性:来自不同架构与数据背景的模型,降低集体偏误。

  • 错误容忍:即使部分节点出错,也不会影响整体结果。

  • 全链透明:验证纪录上链,可供审计。

  • 可扩展性强:每日可验证超过 30 亿 tokens(约等于数百万段文字)。

  • 无需人为干预:自动化进行,不需人工验证。

去中心化基础建设:节点与计算资源由谁提供?

Mira 的验证节点由全球去中心化计算贡献者提供。这些贡献者被称为 Node Delegators (节点委任者),他们不直接操作节点,而是将 GPU 运算资源出租给经过认证的节点营运者。这种“计算即服务”模式大幅扩展了 Mira 的可处理规模。

主要合作节点供应商包括:

  • Io.Net:提供 DePIN 架构 GPU 计算网。

  • Aethir:专注于 AI 与游戏的分散式云端 GPU。

  • Hyperbolic、Exabits、Spheron:多家区块链计算平台,也为 Mira 节点提供基础设施。

节点参与者需通过一项 KYC 视讯验证程序,以确保网路唯一性与安全性。

Mira 验证让 AI 正确率提升至 96%

根据 Messari 报告中的 Mira 团队数据,透过其验证层过滤后,大型语言模型的事实正确率从 70% 提升至 96%。在教育、金融、客服等实际场景中,幻觉内容的出现频率下降了 90%。重要的是,这些改进完全不需重新训练 AI 模型,仅透过“过滤”就能达成。

目前 Mira 已整合至多个应用平台中,包括:

  • 教育工具

  • 金融分析产品

  • AI chatbot

  • 第三方 Verified Generate API 服务

整个 Mira 生态系涵盖超过 450 万名用户,每日活跃使用者达 50 万人以上。虽多数人未直接接触 Mira,但他们的 AI 回应,早已悄悄经过其背后的验证机制。

Mira 打造 AI 的可信任基础层

在 AI 产业日益追求规模与效率的同时,Mira 提供了一个新方向:不靠单一 AI 决定答案,而是靠一群独立模型来“投票定真”。这样的架构不仅让输出结果更可信,也建立起一种“可验证的信任机制”,并且具备高度可扩展性。

随著用户规模扩大与第三方审核渐趋普及,Mira 有潜力成为 AI 生态中不可或缺的基础设施。对于任何希望其 AI 能在真实世界应用中站得住脚的开发者与企业,Mira 所代表的“分散式验证层”或许正是关键拼图之一。

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