金色解读 | 解析Bittensor(TAO):Crypto领域开立的AI算法模型交易市场

金色财经Published on 2024-08-09Last updated on 2024-08-09

作者:Climber,金色财经

项目玩法上简明老套,链上挖矿奖励,但是叠加最前沿的AI宏大叙事,就有了化腐朽为神奇的可能。

近期OpenAI创始人Sam Altman出走回归的消息变动成为全世界关注的焦点,可见人们对AI的重视程度。而由AI所带来的经济效益巨大,连带加密领域相关概念上涨明显。此外在矿商的布局下以KAS为首的矿币也迎来了新生机,于是AI+POW叙事进入了市场研究人员的视野。

Bittensor(TAO)就是这一叙事的典型代表,其一个月内近600%的涨幅吸引了大批投资者的注意。今天,金色财经就来全面解析这一全新项目的全貌,探讨其是否具有专家所说的对标 OpenAI 的价值性。

Bittensor(TAO)简介

Bittensor 由两位人工智能研究人员 Ala Shaabana 和 Jacob Steeves 于 2019 年创立,他们在寻找一种可使人工智能组合叠加的方法。最终想到利用区块链技术的办法——一种激励和协调全球机器学习节点网络以共同训练和学习特定问题的方法。通过添加到网络中的增量资源提高了整体智能,使之前的研究人员和模型所做的工作更加复杂。

按照官方定义,Bittensor 通过分散流程创建了交易机器智能的点对点市场,能够改变以往机器学习平台的开发过程。通过利用分布式网络和激励协作机制,它使人工智能模型的集体智慧能够聚集在一起,形成数字蜂巢思维。

简单来说,Bittensor 协议建立了一个将机器智能转化为可交易商品的市场,这个机器智能就是平常我们所说的算法模型。Bittensor可以视作平台方,为算法模型的供需方搭建交易桥梁。

本质上Bittensor的商业原理还是原始的物品交换行为,但数据上链并叠加金融属性,其最大的吸引力点和增值空间在于未来算法市场的增长程度。如果未来几年AI叙事依旧火爆,那么Bittensor自然有庞大的市场需求,其价值也就水涨船高。

但就目前Bittensor的项目代币TAO的涨幅来说,可谓十分吸引人的眼球。

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截止撰稿,TAO的价格为250美元。但在今年10月20日,TAO价格为46.54美元,仅一个月时间就在11月21日到达历史最高的312美元,涨幅高达573%。

作为Crypto领域的AI+POW概念,这一短期仅6倍的涨幅吸引了一众投资者的注意。而无论是AI概念的FET、RNDR、OCEAN,还是POW矿币概念的KAS、FREN、ZEPH此前都涨幅巨大。

但是在价格定位上来说,TAO与ETH相似,于是有人将其视作开创未来创新叙事的下一个以太坊。

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目前,TAO的总市值约为14.2亿美元,近24小时成交量为610万美元,流通量约为570万个。验证APY为21.61%,质押APY为17.72%。

项目运作原理

Bittensor 协议是一种去中心化的机器学习协议,可以在网络参与者之间交换机器学习能力,它促进了机器学习模型和服务并以点对点的方式共享和协作。

同时,Bittensor 也是一个挖矿网络,类似于比特币,它提供对机器学习模型的去中心化网络的抗审查访问。通过利用数字激励措施并直接奖励参与者对计算资源、专业知识和创新的贡献,Bittensor 建立了一个全面的开源人工智能能力生态系统。原生货币 TAO 构成了网络的奖励和访问代币。

以下是 Bittensor 协议工作机制的概述:

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网络架构:Bittensor 网络由一组参与该协议的节点(矿工)组成,每个节点都运行 Bittensor 客户端软件,使其能够与网络中的其他节点进行交互。

注册:Bittensor 协议通过涉及热键注册的注册过程来运行。要参与 Bittensor 网络并开采 Tai 代币,用户需要通过解决工作量证明 (POW) 或使用 recycle_register 方法支付费用来注册热键。

子网:一旦注册,节点就成为子网的一部分,子网是 Bittensor 网络中的特定域或主题。每个子网都有自己的一组注册节点和关联的机器学习模型。

验证者:验证者在 Bittensor 网络中发挥着至关重要的作用,他们验证矿工提供的响应和预测,验证者确保网络内交换的数据和模型的完整性和质量。验证者询问矿工并评估他们的响应,以确定他们预测的准确性和可靠性。

验证者充当 Bittensor 网络的重要中介和接入点,在实现交互以及为用户和应用程序提供接口方面发挥着至关重要的作用。

矿工:Bittensor 网络中的矿工通过托管和服务其本地托管的机器学习模型来提供机器学习服务。当客户端应用程序需要预测时,它会向 Bittensor 网络发送请求,该网络将请求路由到已将自己注册为所需服务提供者的矿工。矿工使用其本地托管的机器学习模型处理请求,并通过 Bittensor 网络将预测返回给客户端。

激励:Bittensor 协议最显着的特点之一是其激励机制,它用 TAO 代币奖励贡献有价值数据或计算资源的用户。

Bittensor 网络通过基于代币的经济来激励参与和贡献。矿工和验证者因其计算资源、准确的预测以及对网络的其他有价值的贡献而获得代币奖励。这些激励措施鼓励积极参与并有助于维持网络的稳定性和效率。

共识:Bittensor网络使用共识算法就网络状态达成一致,并确保正在处理的数据的完整性。共识机制有助于防止双花,保证数据一致性,维护网络的整体安全。

共识机制旨在奖励网络中有价值的节点。这种激励机制结合了博弈论评分方法,包括 Shapley 值的应用,以评估 Bittensor 网络内模型的性能和可靠性。Shapley值是合作博弈论中的一个概念,它根据每个模型对网络整体预测精度和集体智慧的边际贡献为其分配一个值。

在 Bittensor 的背景下,Shapley 值用于确定每个模型在达成共识和做出准确预测方面的贡献。它考虑到网络的协作性质,模型在网络中进行交互和交换信息以提高其集体绩效。Shapley 值通过评估每个模型对整个模型集合的准确性和洞察力的增强程度来捕获每个模型的重要性。

在评分过程中,根据模型的个体预测能力、提供有价值见解的能力以及与其他模型达成的共识的一致性来评估模型。

代币经济学

据项目官方文件,Bittensor于 2021 年11月启动,代币名称为 TAO。总供应量为2100万枚,模仿了BTC。同样Bittensor也设置了4年一次的减半周期。每 1050 万个区块,每个区块的奖励减半。一共将发生 64 次减半事件,最近的一个减半周期发生在25 年9月20日。

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大约每 12 秒开采一个区块,每个区块奖励矿工和验证者 1 个 TAO。按照当前的通胀时间表,意味着每 24 小时发行 7200 个新 TAO 进入流通,目前由矿工和验证者平均分配。

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此外,从项目官方给出的代币经济模型图上可以看出,由于TAO 是公平启动,没有 VC 轮、私募轮、ICO/IEO/IDO、基金会预留等等融资阶段,代币产生完全由挖矿产出。

不过,在其官网上依然列出了主要几个主要投资者,如Digital Currency Group、Polychain Capital、FirstMark Capital、GSR等知名投资机构和做市商。

机遇和风险

Delphi Digital 研究员Teng Yan将 Bittensor 视为去中心化的 ChatGPT + Midjourney + 人工智能的集合体。Bittensor 可能代表了人工智能商业范式的转变,相较于技术突破,其由技术驱动的商业模式创新更有前景。它为专有数据和人工智能模型提供了一种共同开发并由更广泛的受众使用的途径,而无需将它们开源。

Omnichain Capital 联合创始人DAVID ATTERMANN也表示,Bittensor 是人工智能乐高项目,通过叠加算法模型探索尝试更多可能性,它似乎是驱动下一代机器智能的合理解决方案。

而加密行业研究和投資人员@digitalhk列出了Bittensor可能存在的几个问题和风险:

1、本质上,Bittensor还处于婴儿阶段,目前还没有真正的用例,ChatTensor目前还处于早期试验阶段,距离落地应用还有漫长的道路。

2、Bittensor协议采用了一种全新的dAI算法,这可能需要一定的时间和资源来推广。

3、Bittensor 采用了STAO作为激励节点的方式和支付 dAI应用程序的服务费用,这种依赖性可能会限制项目的发展。

4、目前Bittensor社区的规模相对较小,需要更多的社区成员来支持和推广该项目。

5、 由于区块链和加密货币等新兴技术的不确定性,政府和监管机构可能会制定相关法规和政策,这可能会对Bittensor项目的发展产生负面影响。

总结

当前训练人工智能模型需要大量的数据和计算能力,由于成本高昂,大公司和研究机构一旦有所突破大多会自设封闭场域,这无疑阻碍了人工智能开发的复合效应。从这一点上说Bittensor的出现为算法模型的共享和协作提供了互换的价值转换平台,有利于AI成果的流动,缓解算法创新的低效。

但是资本市场从不缺乏创新叙事,一如元宇宙概念。Bittensor最终是否能有如以太坊般蓬勃的发展,既要看项目方的持续深耕,也要看市场上的这股AI风还能刮多久。

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