EigenLayer AVS和AI会怎么交叉?有哪些值得关注的项目?

币界网Published on 2024-07-31Last updated on 2024-07-31

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作者:Decentralised.Co,翻译:xiaozou

如果人工智能(AI)少不了云服务,那么web3 AI也同样需要web3云服务。

EigenLayer和人工智能是过去一年里加密领域最热门的两大话题。本文,我们将探索二者的交集,了解在此关键时刻正在建设的值得关注的项目都有哪些。

1、什么是AVS(主动验证服务)?

我们首先来了解一下什么是EigenLayer上的主动验证服务AVS。

对EigenLayer的最佳理解是将其视为一个安全和计算市场。

区块链和其他加密协议(如桥接协议)依赖于去中心化的节点运营商来处理交易。这些节点运营商维护网络的当前状态,并单独处理传入的交易。对于要验证的交易,大多数节点运营商必须就其有效性达成一致。因此,节点越多,网络的安全性就越高。

由于冷启动问题,新协议通常难以建立强大可靠的节点运营商基础。运营商通常会受到协议原生代币的激励。然而,在早期阶段,如果没有强大的节点网络支持,代币的价值可能很有限。

为了解决这一问题,团队可能会提供更多的代币来激励节点运营商。然而,这样做可能导致高通胀和代币价值稀释问题,这并非理想结果。此外,早期节点数量不多往往会带来安全隐患和中心化风险。

EigenLayer可以帮助任何区块链服务(主动验证服务或AVS)引导以太坊支持的安全性,借此来解决这个问题。该协议由专门提供计算和安全的运营商组成。用户将ETH或流动性质押分配给这些运营商,然后这些运营商验证一个或多个AVS。

如果运营商充分履行了他们的职责,AVS就会奖励他们,而他们又会把这些奖励传递给他们的储户。如果运营商不能履行他们的职责,他们的质押将被罚没。

通过一组标准的运营商验证多个服务(所有服务都由一个标准经济层管理),EigenLayer简化了依赖于分布式节点获取安全保障的项目的启动。这一优势吸引了各种各样的项目,包括数据可用性解决方案、桥接方案、oracle和ZK(零知识证明)处理器。

2、人工智能(AI

在过去的两年里,人工智能显然已经成为科技界的焦点,吸引了企业家、投资者和用户的关注。当然,这种热情也蔓延到了加密领域。根据Kaito Ai的数据,在过去的12个月里,AI在所有加密领域里占据了最大的叙事份额。

区块链运营商本质上无异于计算机。在验证rollup时,他们接受传入的交易,并根据当前状态处理这些交易,然后输出新状态。然而,如果运营商能够提供诸如GPU、SSD和ZK Prover这样的硬件,这种输入-处理-输出范式就可以扩展到任何分布式计算操作。因此,EigenLayer可以被设想为web3分布式云服务提供商。

如今,大多数AI过程都在云端运行——无论是AWS这样的超大型企业,还是Lambda和Coreweave这样的专业云服务提供商。这些服务促进了训练模型和推理。这使得作为web3云的EigenLayer自然也适合web3 AI应用程序。

让我们来看看其中一些值得关注的项目。

3Ritual

如今,大多数用户和开发人员通过集中式云提供商提供的API来获取AI服务。然而,这一现状有几个问题,包括缺乏隐私保护、具有非议的计算完整性(你如何确保响应来自于你所请求的模型?)以及潜在的审查问题。

相比之下,智能合约在高度安全、透明和可信的环境中运行。在某些情况下,智能合约需要与AI服务交互。然而,在链上运行任何AI过程在计算上是不可行的。现有的云提供商也不能为智能合约提供服务,因为这将打破他们的信任假设。

Ritual正在通过为区块链人工智能服务构建一个开放、隐私优先、抗审查和可验证的AI层来解决这个问题。他们的第一款产品是Infernet,允许智能合约请求AI模型推理,并提供计算完整性证明。Ritual的未来计划是通过创建一个主权链Ritual Chain进行扩展,该链将提供诸如微调和训练AI模型等扩展功能。

Ritual Chain将作为一个基于EigenLayer开发的AVS。拥有专业需求硬件(如GPU)的运营商将执行该链所服务的AI任务。去中心化验证者集将提供高度的可用性和抗审查性,因为每个任务都将由多个运营商提供服务。此外,这些操作者还将为Ritual Chain提供基本的安全保障。

4OpenLedger

几周前,我们探讨了AI面临的数据挑战,以及区块链协议是如何应对这些挑战的。我们强调的最重要的问题是AI数据的集中化。拥有宝贵数据的平台一边正在与资金充足的公司达成数百万美元的高价值合作,一边限制规模较小的初创公司和研究公司的进入。

OpenLedger旨在通过创建“AI主权数据区块链”来提供解决方案。OpenLedger为AI团队提供:高质量的注释数据,以确保有效的训练和准确性;强化学习和人类反馈(RLHF)服务,用以增强模型;评估AI模型的准确性、可靠性和安全性的工具。

OpenLedger也作为EigenLayer上的AVS进行开发建设。虽然部署的确切信息尚未完全披露,但我们可以做出一些有根据的猜测。为了构建一个分布式的、高可用性的数据层,链节点将需要大量的快速存储器。EigenLayer运营商非常适合提供这些,以及基本的计算和安全服务。

5Sentient

本月初,Sentient宣布完成了8500万美元的种子轮融资,获得了一些顶级加密投资者和运营商的支持。他们的目标是创建一个“AGI开发开放平台”。这是什么意思?

目前,最顶尖的AI模型都是闭源的,由少数强大的组织控制。这种程度的控制对于我们这个时代最重要的技术之一来说是不健康的。所以,一个不断增长的开源运动对此进行了回应,该运动提倡模型权重(配置)对任何人都是可用的,允许人们在自己的硬件上运行模型或对其进行微调以满足各自的特定需求。

问题在于,尽管开源模式至关重要,但创建者很难通过使用开源模型赚钱。一旦权重公开可用,任何人都可以托管、修改、调整以及基于它们创建服务,而无需与原模型创建者分享任何收入。这种激励机制的根本性错位威胁着开源AI的发展速度。

Sentient的目标是“给AI开发带来所有权”,旨在创建一种技术,使研究人员和开发人员能够在保持开放性和安全性的同时,从AI模型中获利。当开发人员使用Sentient创建的模型时,他们可以确保其有效性,就像他们托管开源模型一样。然而,他们还需要通过支付推理费用对模型创建者进行补偿。

Sentient是使用Polygon CDK技术构建的,作为基于EigenLayer的AVS运行。虽然Sentient对EigenLayer的确切用法尚未完全披露,但我们可以推测它将与Ritual的做法类似。运营商可能需要为推理提供计算资源以及为链提供安全性。

EigenLayer团队在去年的一篇博客文章中提到, AI推理是可以作为AVS构建的15个潜在独角兽想法之一。显然,许多团队都相信这种潜力是真实存在的。虽然EigenLayer和Web3 AI领域仍处于早期阶段,但它们之间有着天然的融合。如果AI需要云服务,那么Web3 AI也需要Web3云服务。

我们提到的上述项目只是最初的实验,我们预计还会有更多项目出现。

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