半年支出8700万美元,财库预算只够再撑2年,波卡之后想咋过?

Odaily星球日报Published on 2024-07-02Last updated on 2024-07-02

Abstract

“波卡烧钱的速度比黑客偷钱还快。”

原创 | Odaily星球日报(@OdailyChina

作者|Azuma(@azuma.eth

半年支出8700万美元,财库预算只够再撑2年,波卡之后想咋过?

6 月 29 日,Polkadot(波卡)社区成员 Alice und Bob 和 Jeeper 于官方治理论坛发布 2024 年上半年的波卡财库(Treasury)运行报告,报告中提到的一些数字足以用令人诧异来形容,进而引发了社区对于波卡财库运行现状的质疑,以及未来可持续性的担忧。

天文数字级的支出

该报告的核心要点为:2024 年上半年,波卡财库合计支出了 8700 万美元(1100 万 DOT),考虑到财库当前储备余额为 2.45 亿(3820 万枚 DOT),如果依照当前的支出速度计算,这些储备只够波卡财库再撑 2 年……

半年支出8700万美元,财库预算只够再撑2年,波卡之后想咋过?

这一组出人意料的数字显然震惊了整个行业,Synthetix 创始人 Kain Warwick 就此犀利评价:“波卡财库烧钱的速度比黑客偷钱还要快。”

震惊之后则是不解,多位社区成员均于社交媒体表示,很难想象波卡是如何在短短半年之内烧掉 8700 万美元资金的。

支出都花在哪了?

根据该报告中“支付”部分的详细解释,相较于 2023 年下半年, 2024 年上半年波卡财库的币本位(DOT)支出上涨了 2.4 倍,但由于 DOT 本身币价的上涨,使得财库的 U 本位支出上涨了 3.2 倍。

半年支出8700万美元,财库预算只够再撑2年,波卡之后想咋过?

从支出类别上来看,波卡的财库支出主要有六大方向 —— 研究、运营、人才教育、经济、开发、营销。从下图的对比来看,虽然支出结构的倾向有了些微变,但这六大方向的支出绝对值相较于 2023 年下半年都有所增长。

半年支出8700万美元,财库预算只够再撑2年,波卡之后想咋过?

支出最大的方向在于“营销”(outreach),合计支出 3700 万美元。“营销”支出包括广告和媒体费用,线上及线下的社区活动花费,以及对大型会议和商务发展活动的赞助等等。其中,“广告”费用占据大头,合计支出 2100 万美元,其中包括对某家足球俱乐部的 680  万美元赞助,对赛车手 Conor Daly 的 190 万美元赞助,以及与电竞组织 HEROIC 的 130 万美元赞助。

排名第二的支出方向为“开发”(Development),合计支出 2300 万美元,其中 510 万美元用于 Polkadot 协议和 SDK 的功能开发, 410 万美元则用于开发数据服务和索引功能, 390 万美元则用在了流入了 SubWallet、Talisman、Nova 等钱包的开发支持之上。

紧随其后的是“经济”(Economy)方向的支出,作为其他许多公链生态用以吸引流量的主要支出项,波卡在这方面的支出倒显得要“少”很多,仅在流动性激励方面花费了 1500 万美元。

“人才和教育”方向,波卡上半年合计投入了 550 万美元。生态培训和黑客松占据了其中的绝大多数份额,其中 310 万美元用于在 Polkadot Blockchain Academy 系列活动和多场黑客松,平均每场花费在 6 万至 60 万美元之间。

“运营”方向上,波卡上半年合计支出 380 万美元。其中,最大的支出构成来自于“治理”,共计支出 250 万美元,包括 OpenGov 以 64 万美元的价格资助了开曼群岛的一个基金会作为法律包装。

“研究”是波卡支出最小的方向,上半年合计支出 210 万美元。

储备还剩多少?收入能否增长?

前文已提到过,波卡财库目前剩余的储备总价值还剩 2.45 亿美元,相当于 3820 万枚 DOT,但这些剩余储备的构成有必要进一步厘清。

半年支出8700万美元,财库预算只够再撑2年,波卡之后想咋过?

简而言之,波卡财库剩余的储备构成为:

  • 现金及现金等价物: 2900 万 DOT(约 1.88 亿美元) ,主要包括波卡在中继链、AssetHub、Hydration 所持有的 DOT、USDT、USDC,可供财库立即使用 ;

  • 非托管的流动性供应: 100 万 DOT(约 640 万美元),主要指波卡在 Hydration Omnipool 上提供的 100 万 DOT 单边流动性;

  • 指定资产: 730 万 DOT(约 4700 万美元),指仅可用于薪酬、资助等特定用途的财库储备;

  • 应收账款: 580 万 DOT(约 370 万美元),指波卡为 Bifrost、Pendulum 等生态项目所提供的短期贷款。

整体来看,虽然面临着支出压力,但波卡财库在储备结构方面仍有一个比较理想的信号 —— 整体流动性状况非常好,绝大部分储备均处于可立即使用的状态。

至于波卡财库能否进一步创收,报告中也明确提到,来自于网络费用的直接收入仍然微不足道。除了在 2023 年下半年因短期的铭文热而赚取了近 30 万枚 DOT 之外,常规时间的费用收入相当稳定 —— 每季度约为 2 万 DOT。

半年支出8700万美元,财库预算只够再撑2年,波卡之后想咋过?

报告还特别提到了来自于 DOT 通胀(质押奖励)的被动收入,但该报告的两位作者 Alice und Bob 和 Jeeper 均认为,虽然财库可以通过当前 10% 的收入“获利”,但当前偏高的通胀率却具有“破坏性”,不利于波卡协议的长期发展以及 DOT 币价的稳定。

社区的质疑,并非没有道理

结合上文的收支状况及剩余储备分析,可以发现波卡财库当前确实面领着一定的可持续性压力。虽然逾 2 亿美元的储备尚属充足,但过高的支出数额以及几乎可忽略不计的收入却构成了切实的挑战。

环顾社区的质疑焦点,普遍集中在波卡天文数字级的支出及其构成之上,尤其是其中占比近一半的“营销”支出 —— 开发需要钱可以理解,运营、研究、教育加起来也没花多少钱,经济激励方向甚至还稍显得少了些,唯独耗资 3700 万美元的营销支出,不但投入规模本身存疑,收效似乎也仅可用“甚微”来形容。

半年支出8700万美元,财库预算只够再撑2年,波卡之后想咋过?

就此,知名海外 KOL @Ignas 便质疑表示:“波卡花了 3700 万美元在营销推广之上,但它们在 X 和其他社交媒体平台上却几乎没有存在感。

@Ignas 的描述虽然略显夸张,但也并非毫无道理。回看过去两年,Layer 2、模块化、链抽象、Restaking 等一个个层出不穷的概念相继捕捉着市场的注意力,作为曾经的天王级项目,波卡在社交媒体上的声量似乎却越来越小…… Jam 也好、Coretime 也好,如果不是主动关注波卡生态动向的用户,有几个人知道这是什么意思?

甚至于比较讽刺的是,今天这场关于波卡“营销支出太高”的争议,反而成为了营销投入巨大的波卡近期在社交媒体上最大的一次曝光。

几个月前,某个长期耕耘波卡生态的社区人员曾向我们提到:“对于社区参与者来说,波卡最大的价值就在于财库。

如果财库继续以当前这种存疑的方式被消耗,接下来存疑的可能就是波卡的未来了。

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