马斯克vs奥特曼，AI史上第一大案已开庭

Odaily星球日报Published on 2026-04-28Last updated on 2026-04-28

原创 | Odaily 星球日报(@OdailyChina)

作者|Azuma(@azuma_eth)

AI 时代的第一大案已正式开庭。

4 月 27 日,“世界首富”马斯克(Elon Musk)诉“世界第一 AI 大厂” OpenAI 一案已于加利福尼亚州北区联邦地区法院正式进入庭审阶段,陪审员遴选程序已于同日开始,开庭陈述预计将于今日展开,主审法官为 Yvonne Gonzalez Rogers,案件预计将审理四周。

恩怨回溯

马斯克与 OpenAI 的恩怨由来已久。

2015 年,马斯克与奥特曼(Sam Altman)等人共同创立了 OpenAI,二者当时都抱有着相同的理想主义 —— 做一个“非盈利、开源”的 AI 组织,对抗 Google 等巨头的 AI 垄断。早期,马斯克甚至是 OpenAI 最大的捐助者之一,并在董事会中扮演重要角色。

然而,理想主义很快便遭遇了现实难题,早年间 OpenAI 的 AI 发展长期落后于谷歌的 DeepMind。在资金短缺以及开发无果的双重压力下,马斯克对于以奥特曼为首的 OpenAI 领导层愈发不满,甚至提议将 OpenAI 并入特斯拉,由其本人亲自出任 CEO 以更深度地掌控 OpenAI。

奥特曼等领导层自然不会答应。最终的斗争结果是,马斯克在 2018 年被踢出 OpenAI 董事会,双方的合作就此终止。

随后在 2019 年 3 月,OpenAI 正式宣布放弃非营利组织路线,并转为“有限盈利公司”,同年又接受了微软的 10 亿美元投资,开始在商业化道路上拉满马力。

2022 年是又一个关键时间点。OpenAI 在那一年发布了震惊世界的 ChatGPT,正式拉开了 LLM 大爆发的序幕。或是出于曾经的理想主义,也可能是单纯看不惯前任越过越好,马斯克对此相当愤怒(这是媒体当时的用词)。

之后,马斯克一边在社交媒体上大肆抨击 OpenAI 背离开源、非赢利路线,现在已不“OPEN”,完全由微软控制(值得一提的是,今日 OpenAI 已宣布终止微软的独占权)......同时亲自下场做了 xAI,希望能和 OpenAI 正面竞争。

但在另一边,OpenAI 却认为马斯克完全是“吃不到葡萄说葡萄酸”。OpenAI 认为,早年马斯克仍在董事会之时便曾有意 支持商业化转型(存在历史邮件证据),但直到退出后才开始批评 —— 所谓的背离初心,只是马斯克因为失去控制权而找的借口。

对簿公堂

矛盾累积之下,马斯克于 2024 正式将 OpenAI 及其两大联合创始人奥特曼、格雷格(Greg Brockman)提起诉讼。

首先是在 2024 年 3 月,马斯克于美国加州提起诉讼 —— 指控 OpenAI 违反创始协议,将公司从“非营利”转为“盈利机构”,实质变成微软的“闭源附属”;并要求强制 OpenAI 回归非营利使命开源核心模型,阻止微软从中获利。

不过本次起诉很快便被撤诉,看起来只是一次试探性出手。

2024 年 10 月,马斯克再次于北加州地区法院重新提起诉讼,这一次马斯克直接将微软列入了被告名单中,且在指控和诉求方面进一步升级 —— 指控 OpenAI 与微软涉嫌欺诈与误导(后续该部分指控已撤回),不当得利,违反慈善信托,合谋将非营利资产转为商业利益;要求阻止 OpenAI 彻底转型为营利公司,让公司回归非营利结构,剥离或追回非法利润,赔偿 1340 亿–1500 亿美元,罢免奥特曼和格雷格。

2025 年 4 月,OpenAI 以骚扰、恶意干扰运营为由反诉马斯克,声称马斯克只是为了个人利益而故意拖延 OpenAI 发展的速度,双方自此进入双向诉讼战阶段。

随后在 2025 年 9 月,马斯克旗下 xAI 再次起诉 OpenAI,指控其窃取商业机密,部分原因是 OpenAI 雇佣 xAI 的前员工以获取机密信息。第二天,马斯克还曾在 X 上发文表示:“我们给他们发了很多警告信,但他们继续作弊。在用尽所有其他办法后,诉讼是唯一的选择。”

昨日,这场旷日持久的大戏终于正式登上了公堂。随着庭审阶段的启动,预计案情的更多细节将在未来四周内逐步披露,虽然不排除后续某一方会进一步上诉的可能性,但必定会让案情眉目更加清晰。

激情互喷

随着庭审的开启,马斯克与 OpenAI 方面也在社交媒体上激情互喷。

昨日晚间,马斯克接连发布或转发了数十条帖子,甚至直接人身攻击,将奥特曼称为“诈骗犯”(Scam Altman),将格雷格称为“小偷”(Greg Stockman)。

“小偷格雷格给了自己数百亿美元的股权,诈骗犯奥特曼也通过一堆类似 Y Combinator 模式的 OpenAI 关联交易为自己分了一杯羹(这场诉讼之后,他还会直接再拿到数百亿美元的股权)......我本可以一开始就把 OpenAI 做成一家营利性公司,但我没有。我创立了它,为它提供资金,招募关键人才,并把我所知道的一切关于如何打造一家成功创业公司的经验都教给他们 —— 这一切,都是为了公共利益。然后,他们把这个慈善机构偷走了。”

而在 OpenAI 一方,虽然奥特曼和格雷格均未就此发声,但 OpenAI 却通过官方渠道回应表示:“我们迫不及待地想在法庭上陈述我们的理由,因为真相和法律都站在我们这边。这场诉讼从一开始就是毫无根据、出于嫉妒而发起的,目的是阻挠竞争对手。我们最终也将有机会在加州陪审团面前,就马斯克试图破坏我们为确保通用 AI 造福全人类所做的工作这一举动,对他进行宣誓质询。“

形势预判

在接下的四周庭审时间内,预计包括马斯克、奥特曼、格雷格、纳德拉(微软 CEO)等多位重量级人物均将出庭作证。

根据各方媒体的报道,OpenAI 前董事会成员齐利斯(Shivon Zilis,也是马斯克四名子女的母亲)等证人,以及格雷格的私人日记等物证(记录内部战略思考,已作为证据呈堂),都可能成为左右案情走向的关键因素。

至于法官 Yvonne Gonzalez Rogers,是美国前总统奥巴马所任命的法官,其以务实作风著称,曾处理过多起科技公司之间的重大纠纷。在本案中,Rogers 法官拥有很大的自由裁量权,可以决定是否需要采取任何补救措施,以及采取何种措施。她将审判分为两个阶段:第一阶段裁定奥特曼和 OpenAI 是否负有不当行为的责任;第二阶段,如有必要,确定解决方案。

随着庭审的开启,Kalshi、Polymarket 等预测市场上也上线了相关事件,目前双方仍处于五五开的均势状态(马斯克胜率暂报 48%),仍需等待进一步动态更新。

再往后看,这场“AI 第一大案”不仅仅将裁断马斯克与奥特曼等人的历史恩怨,还将直接或间接影响 OpenAI 和 SpaceX 这两大万亿级估值公司的后续 IPO 进程。

这是当下 AI 竞赛格局中最大的非技术性变量,或将深刻影响未来 AI 世界的权力版图。

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