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Racing to Be the First Stock: The Substance, Capabilities, and Ambition of China's Largest Independent Model Company

Zhipu AI, China's largest independent large language model (LLM) company by revenue, has passed its listing hearing on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange with a valuation of RMB 24.377 billion. Its IPO filing provides the first clear look at the financials of a major Chinese LLM player. From 2022 to 2024, Zhipu's revenue grew at a 130% CAGR, reaching RMB 310 million in 2024. Nearly 85% of its revenue comes from on-premise model deployments for enterprise clients, with the remainder from its MaaS (Model-as-a-Service) platform. Despite rapid revenue growth, the company reported significant adjusted net losses, driven overwhelmingly by R&D expenses which reached RMB 1.59 billion in H1 2025. A major portion of these costs is attributed to computing power, essential for training its flagship models. A key part of Zhipu's strategy is a "land and expand" approach: using strategic price cuts on its MaaS platform to attract a large user base (over 1.2 million enterprise developers) and then converting them into high-value on-premise clients. The release of its powerful open-source base model, GLM-4.5/4.6, which ranks among the top global models in several benchmarks, led to an exponential increase in API calls and token consumption. The company is betting that continued heavy R&D investment is necessary to stay at the forefront of the intensely competitive global AI market. Its leadership believes that possessing a superior base model is the ultimate product and the key to long-term growth, even if it requires substantial short-term losses. As one of the first Chinese LLM firms to file for an IPO, Zhipu's market debut is poised to be a major test for valuing China's independent AI industry.

marsbit12/23 11:13

Racing to Be the First Stock: The Substance, Capabilities, and Ambition of China's Largest Independent Model Company

marsbit12/23 11:13

Miners' 'Capitulation' Called a Bullish Factor for Bitcoin. Why

RBC Crypto reports that Bitcoin's price drop and increased mining competition have led to record-low profitability for miners, causing a "tactical" decline in hash rate in recent months. According to an analysis by VanEck, historical data since 2014 shows that periods of declining hash rate have often been a bullish signal for Bitcoin's price in the medium term. In 77% of cases where the hash rate fell over a 90-day period, Bitcoin's price saw positive returns over the next 180 days, with an average increase of 72%. This suggests that "miner capitulation may indicate a bottom" for Bitcoin's price. The hash rate peaked at around 1.31 Zh/s on October 24 but dropped to 1.02 Zh/s by December 23, a nearly 25% decline. During this period, Bitcoin's price fell from $110,000 to $87,500, having peaked at $126,200 in early October. Despite low profitability, many mining companies continue operations due to their belief in Bitcoin's future. The report also highlights the role of Digital Asset Treasury (DAT) companies, which have been accumulating Bitcoin as a reserve. Over a 30-day period until mid-December, these companies purchased approximately 42,000 BTC, the largest such acquisition since July-August 2025. However, DAT companies have faced challenges, with median stock prices for US and Canadian firms dropping 43% by December 8, and 70% of DAT stocks expected to be worth less by year-end. Additionally, 85% of tokens launched in 2025 have fallen below their initial offering price.

RBK-crypto12/23 11:07

Miners' 'Capitulation' Called a Bullish Factor for Bitcoin. Why

RBK-crypto12/23 11:07

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