别盯着GPU了,英特尔甩出重磅大招,能否终结英伟达的算力垄断?

marsbitОпубликовано 2026-06-03Обновлено 2026-06-03

过去两年,AI硬件的核心几乎只有一个:GPU。

从大模型训练,到推理集群,再到端云算力,整个行业都在讨论谁能拿到更多GPU、谁能把更多算力卡塞进数据中心。可以说,整个AI行业都在围着GPU打转,这也推动英伟达股票价格屡创新高。

但在COMPUTEX2026上,英特尔给出了一个不同的判断:AI的下一阶段,不能只看GPU。这个判断的核心,就是陈立武在主题演讲中反复强调的关键词:AgenticAI,也就是我们常说的智能体。

图源:英特尔

智能体正在改变计算生态

智能体与传统AI的区别其实很大,传统AI使用起来就像是“回合制”的问答机器,而智能体则是要进入真实工作流,主动完成“思考、规划、行动、反思”的循环。换言之,它要学会读取数据、调用工具、执行任务并检查结果,再不断根据反馈调整下一步。

这意味着AI推理不再只是“一锤子买卖”,而是变成一套持续运行的自我决策和自我推理系统,这也完全改变了算力的运用方式。所以,英特尔这次最核心的观点就是:Agentic AI会重塑数据中心的算力配比。

目前,在前沿模型训练阶段,CPU和GPU的比例可以接近1:8,GPU承担了绝大多数计算压力。但是在进入智能体推理模式后,CPU就需要负责任务编排、工具调用、数据迁移和系统协调等工作,此时CPU与GPU的比例会逐渐走向1:1,甚至需要更高的CPU密度来快速拆解任务。

事实上,当一个智能体不只是生成一段答案,而是需要不断调用模型、工具和外部系统时,它的工作状态就与传统AI完全不同了。英特尔在演讲中就提到过一个数据:与单轮推理相比,一个智能体的Token消耗量最高可增加1000倍。

图源:英特尔

换句话说,智能体带来的不是简单的推理量增长,而是更复杂、更高频、更碎片化的系统负载。如果再把这些负载都丢给GPU解决,既低效也昂贵。

而英特尔此次发布的至强6+处理器则是基于英特尔18A制程打造,最高搭载288颗能效核,并配备最高576MB三级缓存,面向云原生、AgenticAI和网络密集型等负载需求,可以提供更高的能效和更稳定的持续性能。

在英特尔给出的方案中,单个液冷机架占用32U计算空间,就能提供36864个核心;机架功耗仅约100kW,足以承载高密度智能体部署。虽然100kW看起来唬人,但是与过往同等性能的服务器机架相比,功耗已经大幅降低。

而在至强6+之外,还有个更值得关注的东西:英特尔对推理架构的重新拆分。

在演讲中,英特尔宣布联合SambaNova、VistaEquityPartners、CambiumCapital等伙伴,正式推出全新的完全解耦推理方案。这个方案运行在VectorCoreCompute智能体云上,由英特尔至强6处理器负责编排与执行,再通过SambaNovaSN40RDU负责解码,最后由NVIDIABlackwellGPU负责预填充。

图源:英特尔

这套新方案就是针对智能体负载专门设计的。与过去很多AI系统习惯把推理链路里的大部分工作都交给GPU不同,在这个体系里,CPU、RDU、GPU将会各司其职,分别负责系统调度、解码、预填充等不同环节,让每个推理阶段都在最合适的硬件上运行,使效率最大化。

而在介绍完至强6+后,前段时间发布的第三代酷睿Ultra处理器也再次登场。它是英特尔AI生态的另一环——端侧AI核心。在演讲中,英特尔和Perplexity展示的混合式本地服务器,正是基于第三代酷睿Ultra和至强6+云端服务器构建的。

图源:英特尔

它可以根据设备能力和功能特性,在本地与云端之间动态分配工作负载,进一步降低对云端算力的依赖。这也是未来AIPC的理想形态:通过动态分配性能,在降低Token成本的同时,确保任务的即时性和数据隐私性得到保障。

除了PC,英特尔还把第三代酷睿Ultra继续扩展到游戏掌机和边缘计算领域,新发布的锐炫G3系列处理器面向掌上游戏设备,基于同代架构进行优化,将在本月晚些时候上市(掌机用户最期待的核显要来了)。

从通用到定制,英特尔也想“无处不在”

而在通用处理器之外,英特尔这次还强调了定制芯片,这也是陈立武担任英特尔CEO以来一直在主推的业务。

英特尔认为定制芯片将会在未来拥有庞大的市场,因为随着AI进入不同行业,客户将越来越不满足于通用算力,为了追求更高的效率和性能,他们将会逐渐倾向于定制芯片来保持自己的竞争力。

在演讲中,英特尔就提到,正与Google合作推出IPU,这类芯片对云服务商提升基础设施性能非常重要。同时,英特尔也与Ericsson等电信客户合作,在全球范围内提供先进无线基础设施芯片。

这其实是陈立武这场演讲的另一个主题:英特尔不再只靠一颗通用芯片来赢得市场,而是把芯片、系统、软件和行业合作打包成一整套解决方案,并且可以根据不同企业的需求自由定制,以此最大化英特尔的优势。

图源:英特尔

在雷科技看来,英特尔其实是在重新定义自己的生态位置:数据中心需要CPU负责智能体编排,推理系统需要异构解耦来降低成本,PC需要本地AI处理隐私和合规问题,边缘与具身智能需要高能效芯片,行业客户则需要定制化芯片。

通过满足不同领域、不同链路上的企业需求,英特尔将变得比英伟达还要“无处不在”。

当然,英特尔面前的压力依旧很大,NVIDIA在AI加速器和软件生态上的优势仍然明显,AMD也在服务器CPU和AI芯片上持续进攻。英特尔要想把这条路走通,最终还要看18A的量产速度和Xeon6+的机架级方案是否能快速落地,以及客户能不能真的从这套新方案中看到显著收益。

但至少这一次,英特尔的方向比过去更清楚。

可以说,随着AI进入智能体时代,竞争早已不再只是单颗芯片的峰值性能对比,而是涉及整个计算系统的协同效率优化。GPU仍然重要,但CPU、边缘设备、本地AI和定制芯片也会重新变得关键。

而英特尔想抓住的,正是这个AI基础设施重新分工的窗口期。

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