美国 SEC 再发 Wells 通知,OpenSea 强势回应

链捕手Опубликовано 2024-08-29Обновлено 2024-08-29

作者:Felix, PANews

 

8月28日,NFT市场OpenSea首席执行官Devin Finzer称,该公司已收到美国证券交易委员会(SEC)的威尔斯通知(Wells Notice),暗示可能会采取执法行动。

Devin Finzer在X平台上表示,SEC已发布威尔斯通知,指控在其市场上交易的NFT可能被视为未注册证券,OpenSea已准备好“对抗”任何潜在的执法行动。并称SEC瞄准NFT将在更大范围内扼杀创新,数十万网络艺术家和创意人士面临风险,而且许多人没有足够的资源来保护自己。

NFT本质上是创意商品:艺术品、收藏品、电子游戏物品、域名、活动门票等,不应该像监管抵押债务凭证那样监管数字艺术。如果创作者因为监管部门的威胁而停止创作数字艺术,那将是一个可怕的结果。此外,Devin Finzer承诺将提供500万美元,帮助支付收到威尔斯通知的NFT创作者和开发者的法律费用。

一般而言,威尔斯通知并不意味着SEC立即提起诉讼,但该通知披露了对该公司的调查。今年迄今为止,SEC已经针对多家加密公司发出了威尔斯通知,其中包括Uniswap、Consensys和Robinhood。尽管最近的最高法院裁决可能会限制监管机构打击加密公司的权力,但仍有几起案件正在审理中。

各方力挺

威尔斯通知发出后,加密行业的反应非常激烈,而且几乎一致力挺OpenSea。

加密交易所Gemini联合创始人Tyler Winklevoss在X平台表示:“SEC现在正试图声称NFT是证券。接下来是什么?棒球卡?漫画书? Gary Gensler(SEC主席)对加密货币的恶意正在扩大。数字Web3创作者和艺术家现在成为众矢之的。”

贸易组织Crypto Council首席执行官Sheila Warren表示:最新一轮的执法监管由“反加密大军”Gary Gensler推动。我们与OpenSea和世界各地的创作者站在一起,并赞扬Devin Finzer的领导能力。

Variant Fund首席法务官Jake Chervinsky认为,NFT不应该受到几十年前制定的法律(《证券法》于1933年通过)的约束。“20世纪30年代成立的金融市场监管机构将在21世纪20年代对数字艺术拥有管辖权,这种想法不仅违背了常识,也违背了美国证券交易委员会的法定权力”。

Bankless联合创始人Ryan Sean Adams则发布长文,表达了对“美国未来”的担忧。“我之所以涉足加密货币领域,是因为我相信它是我们这一代人最伟大的自由技术。过去几年,看到我的祖国有条不紊地试图扼杀加密货币,是我成年后最深的失望之一。加密货币会没事的,我担心的是美国的未来。”

监管NFT早已开始

其实监视机构早在2023年就开始介入NFT。2023年,SEC首次指控娱乐公司Impact Theory进行未经注册的证券销售,这是SEC处理的第一起涉及NFT的案件之一。SEC要求该公司支付超过600万美元的非法所得、判决前利息和民事罚款。

SEC专员Hester Pierce当时表示:“这一执法行动引发了许多棘手问题。委员会早就应该着手解决这些问题,并在NFT首次开始激增时提供指导。”

此外,有部分艺术家和创作者都意识到NFT在美国陷入监管灰色地带。今年7月份,两名以NFT形式发布其作品的艺术家对SEC提起诉讼,寻求澄清未注册的数字艺术是否会引发执法行动,并称如果他们继续在未经许可的情况下出售艺术品,他们将面临“SEC提起执法诉讼的真正威胁”。目前该案件仍在审理中。

起诉SEC的艺术家之一Brian Frye表示:“针对OpenSea的这份Wells通知正是我们向SEC提起确认性判决诉讼的原因。”另一位原告(艺术家)Jonathan Mann也表达了同样的看法。

“起诉OpenSea就像起诉eBay出售交易卡,或起诉苏富比出售艺术品一样”。“这表明,SEC决定某物是否属于证券的唯一标准是:是否在区块链上?’”

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