# Supply Related Articles

HTX News Center provides the latest articles and in-depth analysis on "Supply", covering market trends, project updates, tech developments, and regulatory policies in the crypto industry.

Four Questions on the Zcash Orchard Vulnerability: Was it Exploited? Can Funds Be Recovered? Is the Supply Verifiable? Are There Others?

**Summary: Zcash Orchard Vulnerability Analysis** A critical forgery vulnerability was recently discovered in Zcash's Orchard shielded pool, raising concerns about the coin's supply and user funds. The developers, led by Zcash Open Development Labs, acted swiftly to temporarily freeze the pool and deploy a fix. The article addresses four key questions: 1. **Was the vulnerability exploited?** While unknown, the developers believe it is unlikely for several reasons: the bug was difficult to find, using advanced AI tools; the fix was deployed quickly; and typical crypto exploits are fast, with no evidence of abnormal outflows. 2. **Can legitimate Orchard funds be recovered?** If the bug was not exploited, all funds are safe. If exploited, a mechanism limits total withdrawals from the pool to the amount legitimately entered, potentially blocking some legitimate funds. The developers deem this unlikely but advise cautious users to consider moving funds, noting the privacy and risk trade-offs of moving to transparent or Sapling pools. 3. **Can users verify Zcash's total supply?** Not currently. The vulnerability temporarily broke the ability for users to independently verify that no extra ZEC was created. 4. **Are there other forgery bugs?** Ongoing audits by multiple teams, including using advanced AI analysis, have so far found no others, increasing confidence. The proposed "Ironwood" network upgrade is the core solution. It will **seal** the Orchard pool, preventing new entries or internal circulation. This action, combined with the existing withdrawal mechanism, will restore the ability for any node operator to verify that Zcash's supply limit has not been violated, regardless of whether exploitation occurred in the past. The upgrade aims to restore the system's long-term credibility through user-verifiable supply integrity.

Odaily星球日报06/15 07:50

Four Questions on the Zcash Orchard Vulnerability: Was it Exploited? Can Funds Be Recovered? Is the Supply Verifiable? Are There Others?

Odaily星球日报06/15 07:50

ZEC Co-Founder Responds to Orchard Vulnerability: No Signs of Theft, Orchard Pool to Be Sealed

ZEC Co-Founder Addresses Orchard Vulnerability: No Signs of Theft, Plans to Sunset Orchard Pool A security vulnerability was recently discovered in Zcash's Orchard shielded pool, raising key concerns. The primary questions are whether the flaw was exploited, if user funds are safe, whether users can verify the total ZEC supply, and if other similar vulnerabilities exist. Analysis suggests the vulnerability was likely not exploited prior to its discovery. It was found proactively by a researcher using specialized tools, not due to an active breach. The development team and mining pools acted quickly to contain the issue. Typical financially-motivated attacks would likely have left visible on-chain evidence, which has not been observed. User funds in Orchard are considered safe and should be recoverable, assuming no prior exploitation. If the flaw was never used, all legitimate funds can be withdrawn. The article outlines risks associated with moving funds to transparent addresses or other pools, but concludes that leaving assets in place is a reasonable option. Currently, users cannot independently verify that the total ZEC supply hasn't been inflated due to this bug. However, the planned Ironwood network upgrade is designed to resolve this. It will permanently close the Orchard pool to new deposits and internal transfers, allowing only withdrawals. This mechanism will cap total withdrawals at the amount of legitimately deposited funds, enabling anyone to cryptographically verify the supply post-upgrade. Multiple teams, including Shielded Labs, have conducted extensive audits focused on counterfeiting vulnerabilities, assisted by advanced AI tools. No additional flaws of this type have been found so far, increasing confidence that no other similar undisclosed vulnerabilities exist. In summary, evidence indicates the Orchard bug was probably not used, user funds are secure, and no other counterfeiting flaws are currently known. The upcoming Ironwood upgrade will restore users' ability to independently verify the total ZEC supply, closing this chapter.

Foresight News06/15 03:49

ZEC Co-Founder Responds to Orchard Vulnerability: No Signs of Theft, Orchard Pool to Be Sealed

Foresight News06/15 03:49

Bitcoin Market Faces A Potential Profitability Reset As More Coins Slip Out Of Profit

The Bitcoin market is experiencing significant pressure, with the price dropping to around $61,000, leading to a sharp decline in the percentage of BTC supply held in profit. Analysts note this metric is approaching a critical 45% threshold, historically associated with market stress and a potential "profitability reset." This shift indicates broad-based weakness, moving many holders from unrealized gains to losses, which often helps eliminate excess market speculation. The process involves a redistribution of coins from weaker to longer-term investors, potentially creating short-term volatility but a healthier market structure over time. While not pinpointing a market bottom, such low profitability levels have coincided with capitulation risks and long-term buying opportunities in past cycles. Current analysis points to key liquidity zones at $64,000-$66,500 (upside) and $58,000-$60,000 (downside), with the market undergoing a deep reset rather than a euphoric phase.

bitcoinist06/12 02:33

Bitcoin Market Faces A Potential Profitability Reset As More Coins Slip Out Of Profit

bitcoinist06/12 02:33

Record Institutional Bitcoin Selling Now Exceeds Miner Output By 460%

Institutional selling of Bitcoin has reached a historic high, with net selling by entities like spot ETFs and digital asset treasury companies now equivalent to 464% of the daily mining output, according to analysis by Capriole Investments. This marks a sharp reversal from the accumulation seen during April and May's rally. The record negative "Net Institutional Buying" metric is primarily driven by ETF outflows, while corporate holders continue net buying. Amid this institutional distribution, Bitcoin's price recently dipped below $61,000 before recovering to around $62,300, showing signs of consolidation.

bitcoinist06/11 14:31

Record Institutional Bitcoin Selling Now Exceeds Miner Output By 460%

bitcoinist06/11 14:31

Micron CEO's Latest Interview: 'Storage' is an Overlooked Bottleneck in AI, Supply Constraints to Continue

Micron CEO Sanjay Mehrotra emphasizes that memory and storage are a critical, yet underestimated, bottleneck for AI development, stating that the "AI race is not just a compute race, it's a memory race." He argues that AI's evolution—driven by larger models, longer context windows, and growing token consumption—demands not only more computing power but significantly enhanced "memory" or storage capacity and bandwidth. Mehrotra highlights a structural supply constraint, predicting tight industry supply will persist beyond 2026. Building new fabs takes 3-4 years, with subsequent ramp-up periods. Furthermore, advancing technology nodes yield diminishing bit output gains per wafer. He notes that the manufacturing complexity of memory, involving physics, chemistry, and mass production precision, is vastly underappreciated. Despite announcing a $200 billion U.S. manufacturing investment, Mehrotra underscores that such decisions are based on disciplined analysis of data, technology trends, and customer needs, not speculation. He expresses no doubt about the long-term opportunity in memory, driven by AI's early-stage growth, while emphasizing the need for resilience, agility, and long-term focus to navigate industry cycles.

marsbit06/10 02:10

Micron CEO's Latest Interview: 'Storage' is an Overlooked Bottleneck in AI, Supply Constraints to Continue

marsbit06/10 02:10

50% Of All Bitcoin In Circulation Are Now Sitting On Major Losses, Is This A Bottom Signal?

Bitcoin is potentially flashing a key contrarian signal as over 10.46 million BTC, roughly half of its circulating supply, is now held at a loss. This metric, highlighted by analyst Ali Martinez using Glassnode data, has historically coincided with major market turning points. The significant increase in underwater supply, alongside Bitcoin's price decline of over 40% from its highs to around $63,242, suggests heightened investor stress. Martinez notes that such elevated loss holdings can reduce selling pressure as holders are less incentivized to realize losses. Supporting this, the Net Unrealized Profit/Loss (NUPL) indicator has entered the "Hope-Fear" zone, reflecting shaken confidence. While a definitive bottom is unconfirmed, the scale of unrealized losses places Bitcoin in a historical accumulation zone, raising debate on whether the current decline is nearing its end.

bitcoinist06/09 17:31

50% Of All Bitcoin In Circulation Are Now Sitting On Major Losses, Is This A Bottom Signal?

bitcoinist06/09 17:31

Weekly Token Unlock: HOME Unlocks Over 20% of Circulating Supply

Weekly Token Unlock: HOME to Release Over 20% of Circulating Supply This week, the project DeFi.app (HOME) is scheduled to unlock 790 million tokens, valued at approximately $41.26 million. DeFi.app aims to simplify DeFi trading by enabling users to purchase tokens on any blockchain, execute instant cross-chain swaps, access decentralized derivatives markets, and find yield opportunities—all without paying gas fees or using bridges, while maintaining full self-custody of assets. The accompanying chart details the specific release schedule for these tokens.

marsbit06/07 03:21

Weekly Token Unlock: HOME Unlocks Over 20% of Circulating Supply

marsbit06/07 03:21

Zcash Bug Could Have Minted Unlimited ZEC Undetected

A critical vulnerability in Zcash's Orchard shielded pool, discovered by researcher Taylor Hornby on May 29, 2026, could have allowed an attacker to create an unlimited amount of undetectable counterfeit ZEC. The flaw, involving an under-constrained element in the Orchard circuit, existed from the pool's 2022 activation until an emergency fix was deployed by June 2, 2026. Hornby identified the bug using AI-assisted auditing tools and confirmed its exploitability in a test environment. Due to Orchard's privacy features, which hide transaction amounts and history, there is no cryptographic way to prove whether the vulnerability was exploited before the fix. While Shielded Labs assesses prior exploitation as unlikely, this uncertainty has sparked a debate on proving supply integrity in privacy-preserving systems. In response, Shielded Labs and other developers are exploring a network upgrade, potentially involving a new shielded pool and formal verification of the circuit rules to prevent future vulnerabilities and allow verification of the ZEC supply's integrity. ZEC's price fell nearly 45% following the disclosure.

bitcoinist06/05 12:31

Zcash Bug Could Have Minted Unlimited ZEC Undetected

bitcoinist06/05 12:31

Behind ZEC's Over 30% Plunge: An 'Unlimited Minting' Vulnerability with No Way to Prove if It Was Ever Exploited

A critical vulnerability was discovered in Zcash's Orchard privacy pool, allowing for the theoretical creation of undetectable counterfeit ZEC. Researcher Taylor Hornby found the flaw on May 29th, 2024, within the Orchard circuit's cryptographic constraints, which could let an attacker bypass asset conservation rules. Although a rapid emergency fix was deployed within days via a coordinated soft and hard fork, a core uncertainty remains: due to Orchard's privacy features, it is impossible to cryptographically prove whether this "unlimited mint" flaw was exploited in the nearly four years since the pool's 2022 launch. This uncertainty, rather than the patched flaw itself, triggered a market panic, causing ZEC's price to drop over 30%. While the Zcash Foundation stated no evidence of exploitation was found, independent entity Shielded Labs emphasized the impossibility of definitively proving no counterfeit ZEC was ever created. The incident highlights the unique trust challenge in privacy systems. To address this, developers are proposing a new network upgrade with enhanced auditing to allow verifiable proof of supply integrity. Notably, the researcher utilized the newly released AI model Claude Opus 4.8 as a tool during the security review, signaling the growing role of advanced AI in uncovering complex cryptographic vulnerabilities.

marsbit06/05 06:51

Behind ZEC's Over 30% Plunge: An 'Unlimited Minting' Vulnerability with No Way to Prove if It Was Ever Exploited

marsbit06/05 06:51

Bitcoin HODLer Pain Surpasses FTX Crash Levels As BTC Drawdown Deepens

Bitcoin long-term holders (those holding coins for over 155 days) are experiencing significant losses, with 5.3 million BTC currently held at an unrealized loss. This level surpasses the peak seen during the 2022 FTX crash bear market and is the highest since the COVID-19 crash in March 2020. The sharp increase follows recent price declines, with Bitcoin trading around $64,000, down over 13% in a week. Historically, such extreme readings in long-term holder loss supply have often coincided with market lows and potential trend reversals. The analyst suggests the high level of underwater supply indicates the market's adjustment process is still ongoing.

bitcoinist06/05 03:01

Bitcoin HODLer Pain Surpasses FTX Crash Levels As BTC Drawdown Deepens

bitcoinist06/05 03:01

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