La société BSC confirme la date du hardfork Pasteur pour fin août

cryptonews.ruPublished on 2026-08-14Last updated on 2026-08-14

Abstract

La blockchain BNB Smart Chain (BSC) activera son hard fork nommé « Pasteur » sur son réseau principal le 25 août 2026 à 02h30 UTC. Pour éviter toute perturbation, les opérateurs de nœuds doivent impérativement mettre à jour leur client vers la version 1.7.7 avant cette date. Ce hard fork regroupe plusieurs propositions d'amélioration (BEP). Il inclut notamment le BEP-682, qui renforce la sécurité des transferts inter-chaînes en éliminant une vulnérabilité permettant à des validateurs de signer plusieurs fois une même transaction. Le BEP-695, quant à lui, sécurise les systèmes de staking et de gouvernance en invalidant définitivement les anciennes clés de consensus des validateurs après une rotation. Enfin, le BEP-675 vise à augmenter significativement le débit du réseau. Il permet à un constructeur de bloc de soumettre un bloc déjà exécuté, réduisant ainsi le temps de traitement des validateurs. Des tests ont montré une hausse du débit de près de 88%, pour atteindre environ 2 324 transactions par seconde, sans modifier la limite de gaz ou l'intervalle entre les blocs. La BNB Chain met à disposition une documentation détaillée pour guider les opérateurs dans cette mise à jour. Les développeurs souhaitant tirer parti du BEP-675 devront notamment exécuter un nœud complet.

$BNB Chain a annoncé qu'elle activera son hardfork Pasteur sur le réseau principal $BNB Smart Chain (BSC) à 02h30 UTC le 25 août 2026.

Le document précisait que chaque opérateur de nœud doit utiliser un client version 1.7.7 avant cette heure, sous peine de risque de déconnexion du réseau.

La société $BNB Chain a confirmé la date et les exigences du client dans un message de blog publié le 14 août.

Les propositions de $BNB Chain sont-elles regroupées dans une mise à jour générale unique ?

Le hardfork Pasteur est inclus dans la méta-proposition BEP-673. Cependant, il fusionne également trois autres propositions, BEP-682, BEP-695 et BEP-675, en une activation coordonnée unique.

BEP-682 et BEP-695 se concentrent sur des travaux de sécurité pour le pont, le staking et la gouvernance. BEP-675 est un projet visant à augmenter le débit, dont le fonctionnement ne nécessite techniquement pas de hardfork.

$BNB Chain a également choisi intentionnellement des noms pour ses hardforks. Ils rendaient hommage à des scientifiques, dont Pascal, Maxwell, Fermi et Mendel. Chaque hardfork apportait des changements progressifs à la blockchain.

Le hardfork Fermi a été lancé en janvier 2026 et a aidé à réduire le temps de génération des blocs sur le réseau BSC à 0,45 seconde. Depuis, le réseau s'est stabilisé à ce niveau et ne l'accélère plus.

Éliminer une vulnérabilité de vérification des doublons dans le pont

La norme BEP-682 vise à réviser la méthode de vérification des transferts inter-chaînes sur BSC.

Lorsque des actifs sont déplacés vers la blockchain, BSC ne fait pas confiance à la déclaration de la blockchain source seule. Au lieu de cela, il exécute une précompilation à l'adresse 0x67, qui compte les signatures des validateurs par rapport à un ensemble connu de validateurs. Le transfert n'est effectué qu'après qu'une supermajorité l'a signé.

Cependant, cette approche avait ses faiblesses, car il n'y avait aucun moyen de vérifier qu'un validateur n'apparaissait qu'une seule fois.

Un ensemble de validateurs spécialement conçu pouvait désigner le même signataire plusieurs fois, compter son droit de vote à chaque apparition et franchir le seuil avec moins de signatures authentiques que ne l'exige la règle.

BEP-682 élimine les doublons avant comptage, garantissant ainsi que des ensembles de données redondants ne dépasseront plus le seuil.

Comment s'assurer que les clés de validateurs obsolètes le sont vraiment

La norme BEP-695 est conçue pour éliminer une vulnérabilité dans les systèmes de staking et de gouvernance. Lorsque les validateurs changent leurs clés de consensus dans le cadre d'une maintenance technique planifiée, on suppose que la clé dépréciée cesse d'avoir toute autorité.

Ce n'était cependant pas tout à fait le cas auparavant. Trois correctifs ont maintenant été apportés à ce problème pour chaque chaîne $BNB Chain. Premièrement, l'ancienne clé remplacée perd désormais ses droits d'administrateur-validateur au lieu de les conserver.

Le second correctif garantit qu'un validateur ne peut plus éviter un renvoi imminent en effectuant une rotation. Il a également bloqué l'accès aux adresses de la liste noire pour voter sur la gouvernance basée sur les signatures.

Des blocs plus pleins sans gaz supplémentaire ni limites de temps d'exécution du bloc

Actuellement, dans BSC, les blocs sont exécutés deux fois. Lors de la première exécution, le constructeur exécute les transactions pour vérifier la validité du bloc, puis le validateur réexécute toutes ces transactions avant de signer.

Cependant, cette action prend à nouveau 450 millisecondes (ms), et le temps que le validateur passe à exécuter la deuxième requête est du temps perdu pour les assembleurs pour emballer le bloc suivant.

La norme BEP-675 permet au constructeur de transmettre un bloc qu'il a déjà exécuté.

Cette fois, le validateur le vérifie pour s'assurer qu'il respecte les règles de consensus, le signe, transmet les données, puis effectue une vérification complète.

Les données recueillies sur le réseau de test ont montré que le temps passé par les validateurs à exécuter des transactions est passé de 125 millisecondes à 15 millisecondes. De plus, le débit a augmenté de près de 88 % — de 1237 à 2324 transactions par seconde (TPS), la limite de gaz de 100 millions et l'intervalle de 450 ms restant inchangés.

Le volume moyen de gaz utilisé pour les blocs est passé de 46,35 millions à 84,15 millions. La latence de finalisation est restée inchangée. Cependant, $BNB Chain a souligné qu'il s'agissait de chiffres de charge contrôlée. Il lui faudra encore supporter la charge du réseau principal, en particulier lorsque plusieurs constructeurs se disputeront le même créneau.

Que doivent faire les opérateurs avant le 25 ?

Les opérateurs de nœuds sont ceux qui doivent planifier leur travail pour le projet Pasteur. $BNB Chain a fourni une documentation détaillée sur les étapes à suivre pour éviter les erreurs au lancement.

Les constructeurs souhaitant utiliser l'algorithme BEP-675 pourraient avoir à fournir un effort supplémentaire, car cela signifie exécuter un nœud complet plutôt qu'un nœud léger, puisque le constructeur produit désormais un bloc entièrement exécuté. Les schémas de mempool traditionnels continuent de fonctionner, simplement avec un temps d'empaquetage réduit.

end-content

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Related Questions

QQuand le hardfork Pasteur de la BNB Smart Chain sera-t-il activé ?

ALe hardfork Pasteur sera activé sur le réseau principal de la BNB Smart Chain (BSC) le 25 août 2026 à 02h30 UTC.

QQuelles sont les principales améliorations apportées par le hardfork Pasteur ?

ALe hardfork Pasteur regroupe plusieurs propositions d'amélioration (BEP) : BEP-682 (sécurité des ponts et vérification des doublons), BEP-695 (sécurité des clés de validation obsolètes) et BEP-675 (augmentation du débit et blocs « pleins » sans consommation de gaz supplémentaire).

QQuel problème spécifique le BEP-682 cherche-t-il à résoudre ?

ALe BEP-682 corrige une vulnérabilité dans le système de vérification des transferts inter-chaînes (bridge). Avant, il était possible qu'un ensemble de validateurs spécifique compte plusieurs fois la même signature pour atteindre frauduleusement le quorum. Le BEP-682 élimine les doublons avant le comptage.

QComment le BEP-675 améliore-t-il les performances du réseau BSC ?

ALe BEP-675 permet à un constructeur de bloc de soumettre un bloc déjà entièrement exécuté. Cela réduit considérablement le temps de traitement pour les validateurs (de 125 ms à 15 ms), augmentant le débit théorique de près de 88% (passant d'environ 1237 à 2324 transactions par seconde) sans modifier le plafond de gaz ou l'intervalle entre les blocs.

QQue doivent faire les opérateurs de nœuds avant l'activation du hardfork ?

APour éviter d'être déconnectés du réseau, tous les opérateurs de nœuds doivent mettre à jour leur client vers la version 1.7.7 avant le 25 août 2026 à 02h30 UTC. La BNB Chain a fourni une documentation détaillée à ce sujet.

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