美联储利率决议后,BTC、ETH 回调,后市何去何从?

Foresight NewsPublished on 2026-03-19Last updated on 2026-06-19

Abstract

短期持有者在 7 万美元关口持续消耗反弹动能。

撰文:马赫,Foresight News

3 月 19 日凌晨,美联储公布最新利率决议,连续第二次会议按兵不动。最新利率与经济预测显示,政策制定者仍预计今年会降息,并预期 2027 年底通胀率为 2.2%。

BTC 自 3 月 9 日以来实现的罕见日线 8 连涨至 7.6 万美元后,也连续回调数日至 7.1 万美元附近,最低下探至 70500 美元。ETH 则从 2400 美元附近回调至 2200 美元。山寨币普跌。

合约爆仓数据方面,据 coinglass 数据显示,过去 24 小时,全网未平仓爆仓 4.58 亿美元,多单爆仓 3.85 亿美元。

截至收盘,道琼斯工业平均指数下跌 768.11 点,跌幅 1.63%,收于 46225.15 点,创年内新低,纳斯达克综合指数下跌 1.46%,收于 22152.42 点。标普 500 指数下跌 1.36%,收于 6624.70 点。本月迄今,道指跌幅已超过 5%,或将迎来 2022 年以来表现最差的一个月。

加息可能性重回讨论范围

2 月 PPI 数据远超预期、通胀压力升温,叠加美联储释放鹰派信号令年内降息预期大幅缩水,原油拉升走强,美股、美债齐跌,美元涨回 100 关口。

Polymarket 最新数据,目前市场押注美联储今年按兵不动的概率为 27%,小幅上升 4%,降息 1 次 25 个基点的概率为 33%,降息 2 次共 50 基点的概率降至 20%。

鲍威尔明确表示,在没有看到通胀进一步改善之前,不会考虑降息;与此同时,委员会内部已经开始讨论「下一步是否可能加息」,尽管这仍不是大多数官员假设的基本情景。鲍威尔指出,当前通胀降温进程已明显放缓,短期通胀预期近几周再度上升。关税带来的价格压力仍在向核心通胀传导,而中东局势推高的油价也在增加新的上行风险,商品通胀要明显回落,可能至少要等到今年年中。

鲍威尔承认,就业增长已处于较低水平,在劳动力供给放缓的背景下,就业市场的「平衡」本身就带有一定脆弱性。与此同时,能源冲击不仅推高物价,也可能通过压制消费、挤压企业成本和扰动运输链条,对就业和整体经济活动形成负面连锁反应。

伊朗战争导致多处能源设施遇袭,霍尔木兹海峡面临封锁威胁,市场对原油供应中断的担忧迅速升温,布油一度涨破 107 美元。鲍威尔强调,目前仍难判断这轮冲击会持续多久、影响有多大,但其对美国和全球经济的潜在冲击不容低估。

Corpay 首席市场策略师卡尔・沙莫塔表示:「美联储维持利率不变,政策声明仅做小幅调整,表明官员计划遵循长期货币政策惯例,对当前席卷全球经济的能源价格冲击采取『观望』态度。」

Savvy Wealth 首席投资官安舒尔・夏尔马表示:「我认为我们正处于高波动周期。如果油价维持在当前高位……我们知道这将传导至整个经济。持续的能源冲击会推高通胀,同时增长开始放缓,这将是一个『危险组合』。这会让美联储在平衡双重使命时更加艰难。」

司法调查期间不会离开美联储

鲍威尔在会上表示,在调查期间不会离开美联储,必要时将继续履职,担任「临时主席」。他表示,在调查完成、过程透明且结论明确之前,没有计划辞去理事职务;如果主席任期结束时继任者仍未获确认,他将依照法律规定以临时主席身份继续履职,直到新主席正式到位,以确保美联储运作和独立性不受政治干扰。

鲍威尔现任美联储主席,任期将于 2026 年 5 月 15 日届满。特朗普政府早在今年 1 月底就宣布提名凯文·沃什(前美联储理事,曾在 2011 年因反对量化宽松政策辞职)接替他,这一选择被视为更贴近白宫利率偏好的鹰派人选。

但参议院确认进程卡壳了——北卡罗来纳州共和党参议员汤姆·蒂利斯明确表示,在针对鲍威尔的司法调查彻底解决前,不会推进沃什的提名审议。这让美联储领导层交接直接挂钩于调查结果。

目前,Polymarket 最新数据显示,市场押注其 5 月离任的概率仅为 2%。

加密市场后续

美联储降息预期削减,市场流动性承压,那么接下来加密市场行情走势到底会如何?

Wintermute 发布文章表示,早期的熊市抛售压力看起来已经过去,但还需要确认信才能正式宣布市场进入新的阶段。当前的市场结构比过去几个月都要更加积极。Coinbase 溢价重置、ETF 资金流入、机构交易桌的资金流向,所有这些都指向同一个方向。6 万美元区间似乎已经吸引到了真正的机构买单支撑。这是一个非常重要的前提条件。

Wintermute 表示,对于 BTC 而言,7.4 万美元和 8 万美元 是需要重点关注的阻力位。周期类比也值得记住:历史上从峰到谷通常需要大约 400 天,而我们目前进入熊市还不到 200 天。由于结构性原因(包括稳定币和 RWA 的采用、机构基础设施的成熟、以及没有出现根本性破坏),这一轮熊市深度会比之前周期更浅,但这并不意味着我们可以对恢复速度抱有不切实际的预期。

glassnode 本周发推表示,本周比特币价格小幅突破 74000 美元,短期持有者实现利润曾激增至每小时 1840 万美元。这与 2 月份观察到的模式一致:短期持有者在 7 万美元关口持续消耗每次反弹的动能,在任何真正突破形成之前吸收掉上涨势头。

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What is $BITCOIN

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