浮亏近5亿美元,股价暴跌八成,亚洲第一比特币财库公司Metaplanet迎熊市大考

marsbitPublished on 2026-04-30Last updated on 2026-04-30

作者:Nancy,PANews

刚刚落幕的Bitcoin 2026大会上,尽管部分场次观众寥寥,但Michael Saylor所在会场却座无虚席,现场氛围火爆。这样的号召力并不令人意外,Saylor所掌舵的Strategy是全球最大的比特币貔貅,尤其是其在熊市逆势增持,多次为市场注入信心。

另一家来自亚洲的DAT公司Metaplanet同样也是大会焦点。开幕前,它就在拉斯维加斯投放广告,强势亮相。而这家日本上市公司从2024年4月开启比特币战略以来,正经历第一个熊市周期。除了营销吸睛,Metaplanet在市场低迷阶段中同样大力扫货,已跻身全球比特币储备公司前列。

逆势加仓跻身全球前三,DAT实验正遭遇熊市大考

Metaplanet已成长为亚洲最大的比特币财库公司,同时跻身全球第三大企业级比特币持有者。即便身处本轮加密市场低谷,Metaplanet依旧选择逆势加仓。

仅在2026年第一季度,Metaplanet就以约79898美元的均价购入5075枚比特币,总投入约4.05亿美元。截至目前,Metaplanet累计持有40177枚比特币,总成本约41.8亿美元,平均每枚比特币成本约104106美元。这一规模相当于持有日本上市公司公开比特币总量的85%左右。

就在上周,Metaplanet再度发行80亿日元零息普通债券,并明确表示会将所得资金将全部用于增持比特币。公司长期目标也极具野心,计划在2026年底持有10万枚比特币,并在2027年底进一步提升至21万枚,相当于全球比特币总供应量的1%。

为了让这套财库策略具备持续性,Metaplanet正尝试把比特币从单一储备资产,升级为可持续运转的资本工具,并围绕其搭建三层收益引擎。

第一层是长期战略储备,通过上涨带来净资产增长。目前Metaplanet约有35102枚比特币被列为永久核心储备,无论市场波动与否,原则上长期不出售。

第二层是动态抵押,利用比特币储备提升融资能力。Metaplanet以比特币作为抵押品获取低成本融资,再用于增持比特币、业务扩张或股票回购。目前该结构已支持并偿还超过10亿美元债务与信贷;

第三层是现金流收益。Metaplanet通过卖出期权等衍生品策略,在不卖出比特币的前提下产生稳定现金流,以覆盖运营成本并增强财务弹性。

借助这些策略,Metaplanet业务大幅改善。2025财年,Metaplanet收入攀升至89亿日元,同比增长738.3%;运营利润62.87亿日元,同比增长1694.5%。

然而,熊市带来的生存压力亦非常严峻。Bitcointreasuries.net数据显示,截至4月29日,Metaplanet的比特币储备账面亏损约4.9亿美元。与此同时,其股价持续走弱,今年以来累计跌幅超过22.2%,较去年历史高点回撤逾83.5%。目前,Metaplanet已降至约28亿美元,远低于其比特币持仓价值。

眼下,这家DAT公司还面临新的指数规则变数。近期,日本交易所集团(JPX)启动公众意见征集,拟暂不将加密资产占总资产50%以上的公司纳入TOPIX等主要指数。Metaplanet原计划在2026年10月指数重构时被纳入,若规则落地,或将失去被动资金配置机会,并进一步压制股价表现。

对此,Metaplanet回应称,会积极参与公开发声,并在Bitcoin 2026大会上呼吁全球社区支持。在Bitcoin for Corporations官网发起的联署信中,反对该排除计划,公开征询期截至5月7日。

不只靠囤币,多线布局寻找新增量

在当前熊市环境中,不少加密DAT公司赖以生存的资本飞轮开始失速,融资窗口收窄、股价回撤、估值承压,一些公司被迫通过卖币自救,甚至转向其他业务寻找生路。

相比之下,Metaplanet并未收缩战线。除了继续增持比特币,Metaplanet把更多资源投入基础设施、产品和品牌建设。

生态方面,今年3月,Metaplanet宣布设立两家全资子公司。其中,株式会社Metaplanet Ventures计划未来数年投入40亿日元,面向日本本土比特币金融基础设施企业进行投资,覆盖借贷、支付、托管、稳定币、衍生品及合规等方向,并同步推出创业者孵化计划,以及面向开源开发者、教育者和研究者的资助项目。其首笔投资对象,是日元稳定币JPYC发行方JPYC,此前披露的投资规模最高可达4亿日元。

另一家美国子公司Metaplanet Asset Management Inc.将落地迈阿密,定位为数字信贷及比特币资本市场平台,连接亚洲与欧美市场,计划推出收益、股权、信贷及波动率策略等业务。

产品方面,Metaplanet将于今年夏天推出MetaPlanet Card。股东使用该卡消费时,可获得消费金额1.6%等值的比特币返还。对于Metaplanet而言,这一设计既提升了股东粘性,也把比特币从储备资产延伸到支付场景的尝试。

品牌方面,Metaplanet砸钱做营销,试图在熊市中打响名气。比如在日本横滨Pia Arena MM举办年度股东大会;在拉斯维加斯标志性Sphere巨型球幕投放广告,单日费用约45万美元;同时作为赞助商参与Bitcoin Asia 2025、Bitcoin 2026等行业大会。

据Metaplanet预估,2026年销售、行政及管理费用将达到约2900万美元,主要用于广告营销、活动支出及薪资等,相当于其2025年全年5800万美元营收的一半。

而如此大手笔支投入,也引发部分投资者不满。他们认为,Metaplanet在广告与活动上的支出过于激进,消耗了本应用于增持比特币的资金,对股东价值提升帮助有限。与其花钱做品牌,不如把更多现金直接换成比特币。

但从长期发展来看,仅靠持续买币,Metaplanet作为单一DAT公司的估值终究存在天花板。其所需要的,不只是资产负债表上的比特币数量,还包括可持续的盈利模式、成熟的资本运作能力,以及更强的市场认知度。

某种程度上,买入比特币只是Metaplanet转型故事的起点。如何围绕比特币建立一家可持续增长的公司,才是它真正押注的下一阶段。

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