USDe狂飙125亿美元:Arthur Hayes力挺,加密原生稳定币迎来“分红时刻”?

比推Published on 2025-09-03Last updated on 2025-09-03

稳定币市场长期由 USDT 与 USDC 两大巨头垄断的格局下,Ethena 推出的 USDe 正在快速发力。

在前 BitMEX CEO Arthur Hayes 的“力挺”下,USDe 的流通市值已突破 125 亿美元,一个月内增幅近 35%,远超 USDT 和 USDC,是仅次于 Tether 与 Circle 的全球第三大美元锚定稳定币。

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机制:现货与永续合约的对冲

不同于依靠美元或国债储备的 USDT、USDC,USDe 采取的是一种“加密原生”的稳定机制。

用户将 ETH、BTC 或 stETH 存入协议,Ethena 同时做多这些现货资产,并在中心化交易所建立等量的空单。这样一来,无论市场价格如何波动,现货与空单的盈亏基本抵消,从而维持 USDe 稳定锚定在 1 美元附近。

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在这一基础上,Ethena 推出了 sUSDe。由于永续合约资金费率长期呈正值,协议会将收益分配给质押 USDe 的用户。

这种机制的核心优势在于:

  1. 高收益率:USDe通过质押ETH和利用永续合约的资金费率来为用户提供高收益,目前年化收益率远高于传统稳定币。

  2. 去中心化:USDe不依赖于传统银行系统,被视为一种“加密原生”的解决方案。

  3. 市场需求:随着美国《GENIUS法案》等新规禁止受监管的稳定币提供收益,USDe的非银行设计吸引了大量寻求收益的资本。

目前,sUSDe 的年化收益率达到 9%,远高于 Aave 上 USDC 的 4.2%,这正是推动资金持续涌入的重要原因。

数据:爆发式增长

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来自 RWA.xyz 的数据显示,USDe 在近几个月迎来显著增长。市值已升至 125.2 亿美元,较 30 天前增长超过三成。持币地址数接近 4 万个,月活跃地址超过 2 万个,增幅接近 40%。月度链上转账量达到 578 亿美元,显示出其在结算与支付中的广泛应用。

自 7 月起,USDe 市值曲线明显陡峭化,说明其受益于稳定币立法利好与高收益的吸引力。

值得注意的是,USDe 几乎全部部署在以太坊主网,Solana 上的规模仅为 730 万美元。这意味着 USDe 的流动性高度集中,一旦以太坊生态出现波动,其稳定性可能面临考验。

Fee Switch:治理层的“分红时刻”

除了规模的飙升,市场更为关注的是 Ethena 推进中的 Fee Switch(费用开关)。这是一个治理层面的里程碑:一旦开启,协议的部分收入将被分配给 ENA 持有人或注入国库,从而让 ENA 从“治理票”转变为“具备现金流预期的资产”。

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要实现这一机制,Ethena 设定了三项条件:USDe 流通量超过 60 亿美元、累计收入达到 2.5 亿美元,以及在全球前五大衍生品交易所中至少四家完成集成。目前前两项已经完成,仅剩最后一项尚在推进。

Fee Switch 的潜在影响是双重的。对 ENA 持有人而言,这意味着代币价值与协议收益挂钩,市场关注度将进一步提升。但对 sUSDe 持有人来说,若分润来自同一收入池,收益率可能因此被稀释。如何在代币价值回流、用户收益与风险缓冲之间找到平衡,将是 Ethena 未来的关键考验。

风险:高收益背后的不稳定

USDe 的迅速崛起并非没有隐忧。USDe 的核心挑战在于资金费率的波动、中心化交易所的对手方风险,以及在极端市场条件下的流动性管理。

首先,它的收益依赖资金费率,如果市场转入熊市,资金费率转负,sUSDe 的高收益可能瞬间消失。

其次,其对冲机制高度依赖中心化交易所,一旦交易所遭遇黑天鹅事件,协议的风险敞口将难以控制。

此外,Chaos Labs 曾警告 Ethena 的资产再质押可能引发 DeFi 借贷平台的流动性危机,而 S&P Global 甚至在信用评级中给 USDe 打上 1250% 的风险权重,远高于 USDT 与 USDC。这些质疑凸显了 USDe 模式的潜在脆弱性。

然而,尽管存在这些潜在风险,自2023年推出以来,USDe 尚未面临任何流动性危机,也未出现与其美元挂钩目标的大幅偏离。这表明,USDe 的未来将是其设计风险与实际运营能力之间的博弈。它能否在保持高收益率的同时,继续有效应对市场挑战,将是决定其能否在加密货币生态中站稳脚跟的关键。


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