微软CEO:在AI时代,如何定义一家公司的护城河?

marsbitОпубликовано 2026-06-15Обновлено 2026-06-15

Введение

微软CEO萨提亚·纳德拉认为,AI时代企业的核心竞争力并非依赖于单一的最强大模型,而在于能否构建一个持续进化的“学习闭环”。这一系统能将企业内部的工作流程、专业知识、组织判断和员工经验沉淀下来,并让人工智能与人类能力相互强化、共同提升。 未来的公司将积累两类关键资产:一是以员工知识、判断力、创造力和模式识别能力为核心的“人力资本”;二是企业自身构建并拥有的AI能力,即“Token资本”。纳德拉强调,AI不仅不会削弱人力资本的价值,反而会让人类的目标设定、跨领域连接和关键决策能力变得更为重要。缺乏人的引导,算力将失去方向;没有企业自身知识的注入,再强的模型也仅是外部工具。 因此,企业的真正护城河在于建立私有的评估体系、强化学习环境和知识库,将隐性经验转化为可迭代、可扩展的系统能力。即使更换底层通用模型,企业独有的“公司老员工式”的专业经验和学习成果也不会丢失。这确保了企业的知识产权与控制权。 纳德拉指出,健康的AI未来应是一个繁荣的“前沿生态”,而非由少数通用模型垄断价值。只有这样,价值才能广泛惠及每家公司、每个行业和国家,让各组织能基于自身知识创造并保留经济价值,最终实现企业、员工与社区的共同繁荣。

编者按:微软 CEO Satya Nadella 认为,AI 时代企业真正的竞争力,不在于押中哪一个最强模型,而在于能否把自身的工作流、领域知识、组织判断和员工经验,沉淀成一个持续进化的学习系统。换句话说,企业不能只购买 AI 能力,而要拥有自己的「学习闭环」(让人类经验、业务流程和模型能力不断相互强化的系统)。

在这个框架下,未来公司将同时积累两类资本:人力资本,即员工的知识、判断力、关系网络、创造力和模式识别能力;以及 Token Capital(企业自己构建并拥有的 AI 能力)。Nadella 强调,AI 并不会让人力资本贬值,反而会让人的目标设定、跨领域连接和关键模式识别能力更重要。没有人的方向牵引,算力只是在原地打转;没有组织自身的知识沉淀,模型再强也只是外部工具。

本文最核心的判断是:没有生态支撑的前沿,不会是一个稳定的未来。AI 的价值不应被少数通用模型吞噬,而应该形成一个前沿生态系统,让每家公司、每个行业、每个国家都能拥有自己的学习闭环。企业需要建立私有评估、私有强化学习环境和可查询的知识库,把隐性经验转化为可复用、可扩展、可迭代的系统能力。真正的护城河,可能不是某个模型本身,而是即使更换通用模型后,企业依然不会失去自身积累的「公司老员工式」经验。

这也是 AI 时代企业主权的关键:谁能把组织知识变成持续复利的系统,谁就能在模型快速迭代的未来保留 IP、放大员工能力,并把 AI 带来的经济价值留在自身业务、行业和社区之中。

以下为原文:

我最近一直在思考,在 AI 驱动的经济中,企业的未来会是什么样。

这一次转型不同于以往任何一次平台迁移。过去,我们使用数字系统来增强人力资本;而这一次,是我们第一次能够在人与数字系统之间建立真正的认知闭环。这是一件非常颠覆认知的事,因为它会改变我们对企业内部「工作」本身的理解方式。

真正关键的问题,并不是某个数字工具或系统如何被使用,而是在一个 AI 模型能够持续吸收人类与组织专业知识、并将其商品化的世界里,组织如何继续学习、积累知识产权、形成差异化,并持续繁荣。

每家公司都必须建立我所说的人力资本和 Token 资本。人力资本包括员工的知识、判断力、关系网络、创造力和模式识别能力;而 Token 资本,则是企业自身构建并拥有的 AI 能力。

重要的是,随着 Token 资本增长,人力资本并不会变得不重要。恰恰相反,它只会变得更加重要。我相信,人类能动性将成为 Token 资本增长的核心驱动力。人类会设定有野心的目标,跨领域连接线索,建立关系,并识别出真正重要的模式。没有人类方向的牵引,算力只会原地打转。

这意味着,真正的机会并不在于选择最好的模型,而是在模型之上建立一个学习闭环,让人力资本和 Token 资本彼此复利增长。你可以把一个任务外包出去,甚至可以把一份工作外包出去,但你永远不能把自己的学习外包出去。企业的未来,在于能否让这种学习在人和 AI 之间持续复利。

这需要一种新的架构思路:每一家企业都应该能够构建会随着时间不断改进的智能体系统,同时仍然保有对自身知识产权的控制权。一家公司应该能够替换掉一个「通才型」模型,却不会丢失其学习系统中沉淀下来的「公司老员工」式专业经验。这将是未来时代衡量企业控制力与主权能力的关键测试。

企业需要把自身的工作流、领域知识和长期积累的判断力,转化为能够在每次使用中持续改进的 AI 系统。私有评测应该衡量模型是否真的在企业关心的业务结果上变得更好,而不只是看外部基准测试。私有强化学习环境应当让模型基于组织内部真实轨迹变得更强。企业知识库则会让制度性记忆变得可查询,并提升 Token 使用效率。

这个闭环将成为企业新的知识产权。我把它看作一台「爬坡机器」。而且,与大多数资产不同,它会复利增长。每一次工作流改进,都会产生更好的训练信号,进而加速企业独有隐性知识的积累。那些更早建立这一系统的公司,将获得一种难以复制的优势,无论未来单个模型能力如何突破。

我们最不愿看到的,是这样一个世界:各行各业的每家公司都把价值拱手让给少数几个吞噬一切所见内容的模型。如果所有价值最终都被少数模型捕获,政治经济结构根本不会容忍这种结果。一个掏空整个行业的 AI 未来,不可能获得社会层面的许可。

想想全球化第一阶段发生过什么:整个工业经济体被外包掏空。表面上看,GDP 数字似乎还不错,但真实的产业转移和就业冲击确实存在,而且其后果至今仍在被感知。我们不能把这种动态带入 AI 时代——让少数 AI 系统捕获全部经济回报,而整个行业的知识却在它们脚下被商品化、被掏空。

在我看来,我们的优先事项必须是构建一个前沿生态,而不只是一个前沿模型。只有这样,价值才能广泛流向每一家公司、每一个行业、每一个国家。在这样的生态中,每个组织都能够拥有自己的学习闭环,将自身的制度性知识编码进去,并让人力资本与 Token 资本共同复利增长。

这也是我一直认同的平台精神:平台之上创造的价值,应该大于平台自身捕获的价值;每家公司都应该能够持续创新,并创造属于自己的价值。

当这一点实现时,企业将为自身创造价值,也将为其所处的经济环境创造价值。员工的专业能力会被放大,他们的判断力会成为系统的一部分,变得可以复制、可以规模化,而这些收益会回流到公司及其周边社区。

这才是企业为自身和更广泛经济创造价值的方式。也是我们应该共同建设的稳定均衡。

Связанные с этим вопросы

Q根据微软CEO的观点,在AI时代,什么才是企业真正的竞争力?

A企业真正的竞争力不在于押中哪一个最强模型,而在于能否把自身的工作流、领域知识、组织判断和员工经验,沉淀成一个持续进化的学习系统,即拥有自己的“学习闭环”。

Q在文章中,“人力资本”和“Token资本”分别指什么?

A“人力资本”指员工的知识、判断力、关系网络、创造力和模式识别能力;“Token资本”则是企业自身构建并拥有的AI能力。

Q为什么说AI不会让人力资本贬值,反而使其更重要?

A因为人类能动性是Token资本增长的核心驱动力。人类会设定目标、跨领域连接、建立关系并识别重要模式。没有人类方向的牵引,算力只会原地打转,所以人的目标设定和关键判断能力变得更为关键。

Q文章中提到,未来的企业需要构建什么样的系统才能保留其专业知识?

A企业需要构建能够随着时间不断改进的智能体系统,并保有对自身知识产权的控制权。具体而言,需要建立私有评估体系、私有强化学习环境和可查询的知识库,把隐性经验转化为可复用、可扩展、可迭代的系统能力。

Q为了避免出现“少数模型捕获全部经济回报”的局面,文章主张优先构建什么?

A文章主张优先构建一个“前沿生态系统”,而不是仅仅一个前沿模型。在这样的生态中,每家公司、每个行业、每个国家都能拥有自己的学习闭环,将自身的制度性知识编码进去,确保价值广泛流动。

Похожее

Sharplink CEO: One Million Ethereum Developers, Who Can Compete?

Etherean Ecosystem: One Million Developers and a Formidable Moat The Ethereum network has surpassed a significant milestone: over one million unique lifetime developers, with approximately 232,000 active in the past year. This vast and growing talent pool is Ethereum's core advantage, far more critical than transient metrics like speed or transaction fees. The central question is not which blockchain is fastest, but where the best builders choose to build long-term. Ethereum's answer lies in a decade-long accumulation of infrastructure, standards, tools, liquidity, and collaborative culture that is exceptionally difficult to replicate. It has become the default operating system for programmable finance. This massive developer base is actively working on complex, high-risk challenges that deepen Ethereum's strategic moat: * **Glamsterdam Upgrade (2026):** Focused on core protocol scalability (ePBS, parallel execution) while preserving core values like credible neutrality. * **Synchronous Composability:** Aims to make numerous Rollups interoperate like a single chain, directly addressing fragmentation concerns. * **Quantum Resistance:** Ethereum leads mainstream ecosystems in coordinated preparation for post-quantum cryptography, with a targeted migration plan around 2029. This developer advantage is self-reinforcing, fueled by: * **Deep Composability:** Applications interact like interoperable financial Lego bricks via shared standards (e.g., EVM, Solidity). * **Credible Neutrality:** Secured by over 900,000 validators, making it trusted by major institutions. * **Modularity:** Rollups (Base, Arbitrium, etc.) expand, rather than fracture, the ecosystem into a tightly connected modular internet economy. * **Culture:** Attracts top-tier researchers and standard-setters who guide the entire industry. In essence, while other chains generate activity, Ethereum is consolidating as the trusted, long-term coordination layer for internet-native finance. Its future is being built now by the architects of the next-generation financial infrastructure.

Odaily星球日报23 мин. назад

Sharplink CEO: One Million Ethereum Developers, Who Can Compete?

Odaily星球日报23 мин. назад

Ethereum Reaches the Milestone of One Million Developers, Sharplink CEO Delves Deep into Ethereum's Future Possibilities

Ethereum Surpasses One Million Developers Milestone: A Look at Its Unshakeable Dominance and Future Joseph Chalom, CEO of Sharplink, reflects on his recent Asia trip where he engaged deeply with Ethereum developers and ecosystem leaders. The most striking takeaway was not just the industry's vibrancy, but the rigorous, long-term vision of local builders. This context brings to life a pivotal statistic: Ethereum has now surpassed one million cumulative developers (1,012,824), with approximately 232,000 remaining active in the past year—a talent pool unmatched by any other crypto ecosystem. The critical question isn't which blockchain is fastest, but where top developers choose to build long-term. Ethereum's answer is unequivocal. Its decade-long lead stems from a unique convergence of technology, institutional culture, economic systems, and composability, cementing its role as the foundational operating system for programmable finance. This massive developer base is tackling the industry's hardest problems, continuously strengthening Ethereum's moat. Key initiatives include: * **The Glamsterdam Upgrade (planned 2026):** Introducing ePBS and Block-level Access Lists for parallel execution and higher throughput while preserving core values like credible neutrality and fair MEV distribution. * **Synchronous Composability:** Projects are working to enable atomic transactions across dozens of Rollups, making them function as one unified chain and eliminating ecosystem fragmentation. * **Post-Quantum Security:** Ethereum is far ahead in preparing for quantum computing threats, with a dedicated foundation working group and testnets targeting a full migration by ~2029—a crucial factor for institutional adoption. Beyond developers, Ethereum's core network effects are its unparalleled composability and unified standards (like EVM and Solidity), which create a powerful flywheel: more developers → better tools → greater liquidity → more institutional participation. Its other decisive advantages include credible neutrality (over 900k validators), a secure modular architecture with interconnected Rollups, and a deeply entrenched culture shaped by top-tier researchers. Ultimately, there's a vast difference between generating short-term activity and becoming the trusted, long-term coordination layer for global native finance. Major institutions prioritize security, trust, and liquidity—areas where Ethereum holds dominant mindshare. The industry's trajectory shows resources consolidating around unified standards, deep liquidity, and developer consensus. After meeting the builders in Seoul and Hong Kong, Chalom is more convinced than ever: Ethereum's unshakeable future is being built right now.

Foresight News34 мин. назад

Ethereum Reaches the Milestone of One Million Developers, Sharplink CEO Delves Deep into Ethereum's Future Possibilities

Foresight News34 мин. назад

Saylor's Latest Long Read: Bitcoin is Not Money, It's Digital Capital, and Money is Built Upon It

Michael Saylor presents his "Digital Asset Stack" theory, positioning Bitcoin as the foundational layer of digital capital. He argues Bitcoin itself should remain unchanged—no staking, inflation, or protocol alterations. Instead, a five-layer financial architecture should be built atop it: Digital Capital (BTC), Digital Credit (e.g., yield instruments like STRC), Digital Currency (stable, yield-bearing instruments pegged to fiat), Digital Yield (leveraged/structured products), and Digital Equity (e.g., MSTR stock, absorbing residual volatility). Saylor asserts this stack transforms Bitcoin's high-volatility, high-energy capital into tailored products: stable currencies for payments/savings, yield instruments for income seekers, and equity for growth investors. This approach meets diverse needs—corporate treasuries, banks, retirees, emerging market users—without compromising Bitcoin's core properties (scarcity, decentralization). The "killer use case" is rebuilding global money, credit, and capital markets on Bitcoin, bridging the fiat world with a superior digital asset foundation. The system leverages traditional finance principles (risk layering, structured products) while using Bitcoin as the ultimate collateral. This expands Bitcoin's utility, drives adoption, and offers a better monetary experience: digital, yield-bearing, stable-value tools for everyday use.

marsbit46 мин. назад

Saylor's Latest Long Read: Bitcoin is Not Money, It's Digital Capital, and Money is Built Upon It

marsbit46 мин. назад

Can SK Hynix's Stock Double Again in This Rally?

The article discusses the highly optimistic price target of approximately $3,500 for SK Hynix stock, set by Aletheia Capital. This target is significantly above the consensus range of $2,000-$2,520 from major brokerages. The core debate is whether SK Hynix deserves a fundamental re-rating beyond its traditional cyclical discount, based on the long-term impact of AI-driven demand. The $3,500 target hinges on three key assumptions holding simultaneously until at least 2027: 1) Continued shortage and high pricing for HBM (High Bandwidth Memory), a critical component for AI chips; 2) Sustained high prices for standard DRAM, as HBM production consumes capacity and constrains general supply; and 3) Strong AI server demand generating substantial, above-expectation free cash flow. SK Hynix's leading ~58% market share in HBM and its early certification with key clients like Nvidia provide a competitive advantage, allowing it to capture significant supply chain premiums. The HBM shortage is seen not just as a niche growth driver but as a catalyst that amplifies profitability across the entire memory business by tightening overall DRAM supply. However, the article cautions that this target represents an optimistic "tail scenario." Key risks include potential supply increases from competitors (Samsung, Micron) by 2027, a possible slowdown in HBM price growth, and high capital expenditures that could erode the projected free cash flow. The divergence in analyst targets reflects the market's uncertainty over whether the current AI-driven boom will temporarily elevate earnings or permanently raise the memory industry's profit baseline.

marsbit50 мин. назад

Can SK Hynix's Stock Double Again in This Rally?

marsbit50 мин. назад

Торговля

Спот
Фьючерсы

Популярные статьи

Как купить S

Добро пожаловать на HTX.com! Мы сделали приобретение Sonic (S) простым и удобным. Следуйте нашему пошаговому руководству и отправляйтесь в свое крипто-путешествие.Шаг 1: Создайте аккаунт на HTXИспользуйте свой адрес электронной почты или номер телефона, чтобы зарегистрироваться и бесплатно создать аккаунт на HTX. Пройдите удобную регистрацию и откройте для себя весь функционал.Создать аккаунтШаг 2: Перейдите в Купить криптовалюту и выберите свой способ оплатыКредитная/Дебетовая Карта: Используйте свою карту Visa или Mastercard для мгновенной покупки Sonic (S).Баланс: Используйте средства с баланса вашего аккаунта HTX для простой торговли.Третьи Лица: Мы добавили популярные способы оплаты, такие как Google Pay и Apple Pay, для повышения удобства.P2P: Торгуйте напрямую с другими пользователями на HTX.Внебиржевая Торговля (OTC): Мы предлагаем индивидуальные услуги и конкурентоспособные обменные курсы для трейдеров.Шаг 3: Хранение Sonic (S)После приобретения вами Sonic (S) храните их в своем аккаунте на HTX. В качестве альтернативы вы можете отправить их куда-либо с помощью перевода в блокчейне или использовать для торговли с другими криптовалютами.Шаг 4: Торговля Sonic (S)С легкостью торгуйте Sonic (S) на спотовом рынке HTX. Просто зайдите в свой аккаунт, выберите торговую пару, совершайте сделки и следите за ними в режиме реального времени. Мы предлагаем удобный интерфейс как для начинающих, так и для опытных трейдеров.

1.5k просмотров всегоОпубликовано 2025.01.15Обновлено 2026.06.02

Как купить S

Sonic: Обновления под руководством Андре Кронье – новая звезда Layer-1 на фоне спада рынка

Он решает проблемы масштабируемости, совместимости между блокчейнами и стимулов для разработчиков с помощью технологических инноваций.

2.3k просмотров всегоОпубликовано 2025.04.09Обновлено 2025.04.09

Sonic: Обновления под руководством Андре Кронье – новая звезда Layer-1 на фоне спада рынка

HTX Learn: Пройдите обучение по "Sonic" и разделите 1000 USDT

HTX Learn — ваш проводник в мир перспективных проектов, и мы запускаем специальное мероприятие "Учитесь и Зарабатывайте", посвящённое этим проектам. Наше новое направление .

1.8k просмотров всегоОпубликовано 2025.04.10Обновлено 2025.04.10

HTX Learn: Пройдите обучение по "Sonic" и разделите 1000 USDT

Обсуждения

Добро пожаловать в Сообщество HTX. Здесь вы сможете быть в курсе последних новостей о развитии платформы и получить доступ к профессиональной аналитической информации о рынке. Мнения пользователей о цене на S (S) представлены ниже.

活动图片