B2 Ventures 创始人:传统金融的深层流动性问题是加密市场潜在的结构性风险

深潮Опубликовано 2025-06-16Обновлено 2025-06-16

加密市场虽快速增长,却面临流动性零散脆弱的问题。

撰文:Arthur Azizov,B2 Ventures 创始人

编译:善欧巴,金色财经

尽管加密行业增长迅速、以去中心化为理想,其流动性却依然零散而脆弱——这反映了传统金融隐藏的风险,也使得在市场情绪变化时,整个市场暴露在突发性冲击之下。

虽然加密货币具有去中心化的特性并承诺带来革新,但它归根结底仍是一种「货币」。而所有货币都无法逃离当前市场结构的现实。

随着加密市场的发展,它越来越像传统金融工具的生命周期演化过程。「流动性的幻觉」成了最迫切、却又最少被讨论的问题之一,这是整个市场成熟过程中不可避免的副产品。

2024 年,全球加密货币市场总估值为 2.49 万亿美元,预计到 2033 年将翻倍至 5.73 万亿美元,未来十年复合年增长率为 9.7%。

然而,在这强劲增长之下,隐藏着巨大的脆弱性。正如外汇和债券市场一样,加密市场如今面临所谓的「幽灵流动性」问题:在市场平稳时看起来流动性充足的订单簿,在剧烈波动中却瞬间干涸。

流动性的幻觉

外汇市场每日交易量超过 7.5 万亿美元,历来被认为是最具流动性的市场。然而,即便是这个市场,如今也开始显现出脆弱性。

一些金融机构和交易员开始警惕所谓的市场深度幻觉。在最具流动性的货币对如欧元 / 美元(EUR/USD)上,也频繁出现滑点。在 2008 年金融危机后,没有任何一家银行或做市商愿意在市场抛售时承担仓储风险(即持有波动资产的风险)。

2018 年,摩根士丹利指出流动性风险的结构性转移:金融危机后更高的资本要求迫使银行退出流动性提供领域。风险并没有消失,只是转移到了资产管理人、ETF 以及算法交易系统手中。

曾几何时,指数基金和 ETF 如雨后春笋般崛起。2007 年,指数类基金仅持有 MSCI 世界自由流通股的 4%,而到 2018 年,这一比例已翻三倍至 12%,部分标的甚至高达 25%。这造成了一个结构性错配——看似流动的金融产品,实则承载着流动性极低的资产。

ETF 和被动基金承诺「进出自由」,但其中持有的资产(尤其是公司债券)在市场剧烈波动时,常常难以兑现预期。剧烈波动中,ETF 往往比底层资产被抛售得更猛烈;市场制造商则会拉大买卖价差,甚至完全退出交易,因为他们不愿意在混乱中接盘。

这一现象,原本只发生在传统金融,如今却正在加密市场中「熟练地」重演。链上活跃度、中心化交易所订单簿和交易量或许看起来很健康,但当情绪转变时,市场深度往往瞬间蒸发。

加密市场的「流动性幻觉」正在浮出水面

这种加密市场的流动性幻觉并非新鲜事。2022 年市场低迷期间,即使是主流代币,在顶级交易所也出现了明显滑点和价差扩大。

近期 Mantra 的 OM 代币暴跌就是又一次警示 —— 当市场情绪急剧转变时,买盘会瞬间消失,价格支撑随之蒸发。原本在平静时期看似深厚的市场,会在压力之下迅速崩塌。

问题的根源在于:加密的市场基础设施仍然高度碎片化。与股票或外汇市场不同,加密资产的流动性分布在多个交易所上,每个平台都有自己的订单簿和做市体系。

对于市值排名 20 名以外的「二线」代币来说,这种碎片化尤其严重。它们通常在多家交易所上市,但没有统一的定价机制或统一的做市商支持,更多依赖的是一些任务导向的市场参与者。看似有流动性,实则缺乏真实深度与协调性。

更糟的是,一些项目方和市场参与者为博眼球或获取上币机会,会刻意制造虚假流动性。刷单、虚假交易量、挂单诱骗等行为在中小交易所尤为常见。

这些「造假者」一旦遇到波动便立刻撤离,让散户独自面对价格暴跌的风险。流动性不只是「脆弱」,有时甚至是「伪造」的。

解决方案:从协议层统一流动性

要真正解决流动性碎片化的问题,必须在基础协议层实现深度整合。这意味着:跨链桥接与路由功能应内嵌于区块链核心架构之中,而非事后补丁。

目前,部分 Layer 1 区块链已开始采用这种新架构设计,将资产流转视为区块链本身的核心机制。这种思路有助于统一流动性池,减少碎片化现象,并在全市场范围内实现更流畅的资金流通。

与此同时,底层基础设施也有了巨大提升:曾经需要 200 毫秒执行的订单,如今仅需 10~20 毫秒。亚马逊、谷歌等云生态通过集群间的 P2P 消息机制,已支持全链内交易处理。

这一性能层不再是限制,而是加速器:让做市商和交易机器人能在全球范围内实现实时运作。值得注意的是,目前加密市场中高达 70%~90% 的稳定币交易量 来自于自动化交易系统。

不过,高性能的「水管」系统只是基础。更重要的是要与协议级的智能互操作性和统一的流动性路由机制配合,否则就像是在碎裂的土地上造高铁——跑得快,但方向不一。

但现在,这一切的基础设施已经具备,足以支撑更大的金融体系搭建。

Похожее

The 'Chip' Challenge and Breakthroughs in China's Optical Industry Chain

China's Photonics Industry: Bottlenecks and Breakthroughs In the global AI race, computing chips dominate the narrative, but the underlying bottleneck increasingly defining the scale of AI clusters is light—or more specifically, optical connectivity. Optical modules, which translate electrical signals to light and vice versa, are crucial for connecting thousands of GPUs in AI data centers, preventing data congestion and ensuring efficient model training. High-speed modules (800G, 1.6T) are now standard, with performance hinging on advanced DSP (Digital Signal Processor) chips. This is where a critical dependency lies. Two US giants—Marvell and Broadcom—collectively dominate over 90% of the high-end DSP chip market. Chinese optical module leaders like Zhongji Innolight and Eoptolink rely on these chips to manufacture modules for overseas AI customers, primarily in North America. While this creates a supply chain vulnerability, complete decoupling is difficult. Marvell derives over half its revenue from Greater China, and the US firms depend on Chinese partners for chip packaging and optical components. The risk from laser chips (e.g., from Lumentum), another key component, is considered more manageable due to multiple global suppliers and faster progress in domestic alternatives from companies like YOFC and Accelink. To mitigate risks, China's industry is pursuing a multi-pronged strategy: diversifying supply chains and locking in long-term orders; fostering a domestic market ecosystem to adopt homegrown DSPs from firms like Huawei HiSilicon and CETC; accelerating R&D in high-speed DSPs and advanced packaging; and investing in next-gen technologies like silicon photonics and Co-Packaged Optics (CPO) to reduce reliance on discrete DSPs. The ultimate solution lies not in short-term博弈 but in persistent advancement of domestic high-end chip R&D and manufacturing. While challenges remain in performance, certification, and ecosystem building, China's vast domestic market and manufacturing base provide a crucial buffer, buying time for the industry to achieve greater technological independence.

marsbit3 мин. назад

The 'Chip' Challenge and Breakthroughs in China's Optical Industry Chain

marsbit3 мин. назад

Behind SpaceX's $2 Trillion Market Cap: Why Does Musk Always Have the Next Move Planned?

On June 12th, SpaceX debuted on the Nasdaq, reaching a valuation that briefly touched $2 trillion. This marked the culmination of a 24-year journey from its founding in 2002, driven by Elon Musk's frustration at the high cost of buying rockets. The company's path was defined by early failures, with its first three Falcon 1 launches ending in explosions before a successful 2008 flight opened the era of commercial spaceflight. Key to its model was a fixed-price NASA contract, incentivizing cost reduction. SpaceX mastered rocket reusability, first achieving a Falcon 9 landing in 2015, which drastically cut launch costs. This enabled its profitable Starlink satellite internet constellation, envisioned years before reusability was proven, to create an internal market for frequent launches. Similarly, the next-generation Starship rocket was in development long before its first flight, with its business case evolving from Mars colonization to supporting the emerging concept of in-orbit data centers for AI—a story now central to its valuation. The company's recent IPO, a reversal of its long-standing "no IPO" stance, is funding this ambitious "space-based compute" vision. While major tech players like Google, Blue Origin, and others are investing heavily, significant technical and cost hurdles remain. Ultimately, SpaceX's history is one of creating its own demand: first with Starlink and now with space-based AI compute, betting that its next rocket will enable its next giant market.

marsbit5 мин. назад

Behind SpaceX's $2 Trillion Market Cap: Why Does Musk Always Have the Next Move Planned?

marsbit5 мин. назад

When Crypto Meets the World Cup: CoinW and Modrić's Art of "Navigating Cycles"

When Encryption Meets the World Cup: CoinW and Modrić's "Transcending Cycles" Philosophy In the context of the 2026 FIFA World Cup and its massive global audience, the crypto exchange CoinW announced football legend Luka Modrić as its global brand ambassador. This move is framed not merely as a marketing tactic, but as a strategic experiment in user profile migration. It targets mature, financially stable football fans—particularly in Europe, Southeast Asia, and Latin America—who traditionally have low crypto awareness but value trusted, time-tested authority figures like Modrić. The article draws parallels between Modrić's enduring, disciplined career—marked by consistency and success at the highest level over two decades—and CoinW's own development path. Founded in 2017 during a volatile industry period, CoinW focused on building robust infrastructure and risk management. It weathered the 2022 industry crisis without major security incidents, subsequently earning recognition like "Europe's Most Trusted Exchange" and growing to over 20 million registered users. This "long-termism" is translated into user-centric products. CoinW Academy lowers the initial knowledge barrier. Its integrated ecosystem (CoinW, GemW, DeriW, PropW) and the recent launch of a TradFi section—offering perpetual contracts on traditional assets like stocks, gold, and oil—aim to create a unified platform for diverse assets. For the World Cup, CoinW launched the "We Are The Game" campaign, collaborating with Alchemy Pay to offer zero-fee deposits and local payment options, aiming to transform spectators into participants and lower entry barriers. Ultimately, CoinW's sports partnerships and product strategy are presented as a concerted effort to build trust and accessibility for the "silent majority" still outside crypto—shifting the industry narrative toward inclusivity and long-term value.

Foresight News11 мин. назад

When Crypto Meets the World Cup: CoinW and Modrić's Art of "Navigating Cycles"

Foresight News11 мин. назад

A Panoramic View of the Solana Privacy Ecosystem: The Complete Privacy Stack from Computation to AI

**Solana Privacy Ecosystem: A Comprehensive Overview from Computation to AI** Solana's privacy ecosystem, while nascent, is rapidly evolving to address key challenges across multiple layers. Key figures like Helius CEO Mert acknowledge that Solana has lagged in privacy but highlight its unique potential for scalable, composable privacy protocols, potentially leveraging technologies like ZK compression without persistent rollups. The foundational layer is **Private Compute**, addressed by providers like Arcium and Magic Block. Arcium utilizes Multi-Party Computation (MPC) networks to process encrypted data off-chain with final settlement on Solana, supporting use cases like confidential payments (via its C-SPL token standard) and encrypted data analysis. Magic Block employs Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) to create private, ephemeral rollups, offering confidentiality, scalability, and composability. Both enable private order books, dark pools, and DeFi rails. Building on this infrastructure are applications for **Private Transfers and Balances**. Umbra, built on Arcium, offers encrypted token accounts with amount, balance, and sender-receiver linkage privacy, plus compliance features. Privacy Cash uses Tornado-style shielded pools for SOL, while Hush provides private staking and trading with integrated swaps via Jupiter. To eliminate **On-Chain Trails** from everyday activities like trading, protocols like encifherio and VanishTrade are emerging. encifherio privately routes swaps through Jupiter by encrypting transaction details within TEEs. VanishTrade routes trades through shielded liquidity pools. Darklake offers a ZK-native "blind slippage" AMM and private perpetuals to hide trading intent and prevent front-running. More advanced applications include **Private Prediction Markets**. Platforms like Melee Markets use Arcium's MPC to encrypt order books, allowing participants to place hidden bets without revealing their market position until settlement. Finally, the ecosystem is expanding into **Private AI**. Loyal leverages both Magic Block and Arcium to create a decentralized protocol where user-AI interactions, queries, and preferences are encrypted on-chain, giving users ownership and control over their data while enabling private transactions and yield generation. In summary, Solana's privacy stack is developing from core compute and transfer privacy towards sophisticated applications in DeFi, prediction markets, and AI, aiming for a future where Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) and Zero-Knowledge (ZK) proofs combine for a complete privacy solution.

marsbit13 мин. назад

A Panoramic View of the Solana Privacy Ecosystem: The Complete Privacy Stack from Computation to AI

marsbit13 мин. назад

Торговля

Спот
Фьючерсы

Популярные статьи

Как купить B2

Добро пожаловать на HTX.com! Мы сделали приобретение BSquared Network (B2) простым и удобным. Следуйте нашему пошаговому руководству и отправляйтесь в свое крипто-путешествие.Шаг 1: Создайте аккаунт на HTXИспользуйте свой адрес электронной почты или номер телефона, чтобы зарегистрироваться и бесплатно создать аккаунт на HTX. Пройдите удобную регистрацию и откройте для себя весь функционал.Создать аккаунтШаг 2: Перейдите в Купить криптовалюту и выберите свой способ оплатыКредитная/Дебетовая Карта: Используйте свою карту Visa или Mastercard для мгновенной покупки BSquared Network (B2).Баланс: Используйте средства с баланса вашего аккаунта HTX для простой торговли.Третьи Лица: Мы добавили популярные способы оплаты, такие как Google Pay и Apple Pay, для повышения удобства.P2P: Торгуйте напрямую с другими пользователями на HTX.Внебиржевая Торговля (OTC): Мы предлагаем индивидуальные услуги и конкурентоспособные обменные курсы для трейдеров.Шаг 3: Хранение BSquared Network (B2)После приобретения вами BSquared Network (B2) храните их в своем аккаунте на HTX. В качестве альтернативы вы можете отправить их куда-либо с помощью перевода в блокчейне или использовать для торговли с другими криптовалютами.Шаг 4: Торговля BSquared Network (B2)С легкостью торгуйте BSquared Network (B2) на спотовом рынке HTX. Просто зайдите в свой аккаунт, выберите торговую пару, совершайте сделки и следите за ними в режиме реального времени. Мы предлагаем удобный интерфейс как для начинающих, так и для опытных трейдеров.

586 просмотров всегоОпубликовано 2025.05.06Обновлено 2026.06.02

Как купить B2

Обсуждения

Добро пожаловать в Сообщество HTX. Здесь вы сможете быть в курсе последних новостей о развитии платформы и получить доступ к профессиональной аналитической информации о рынке. Мнения пользователей о цене на B2 (B2) представлены ниже.

活动图片