哈里斯在大选民调中与特朗普势均力敌

链捕手Опубликовано 2024-07-31Обновлено 2024-07-31

作者:约翰•伯恩-默多克,奥利弗•罗德

来源:FT中文网

 

美国副总统卡玛拉•哈里斯(左)和唐纳德•特朗普。自乔•拜登总统退出大选以来,哈里斯在几乎所有人口群体中都取得了进展

根据英国《金融时报》对最新数据的分析,美国副总统卡玛拉•哈里斯(Kamala Harris)在开始总统竞选不到一周的时间里,在民调中就追平了前总统唐纳德•特朗普(Donald Trump)。

乔•拜登(Joe Biden)总统在几周前与特朗普的辩论中表现糟糕,于7月21日退出竞选,并立即表示支持哈里斯。根据英国《金融时报》对民调结果的平均统计,自那以来,她几乎抹平了民主党在全国民调中相对于竞争对手的劣势。

虽然拜登在退出总统竞选当天落后特朗普3个百分点,但哈里斯和这位前总统目前在全国的支持率不分上下。

美国大选最终由选举人团决定,因此也可以说是由一小部分赢者通吃的“战场”州决定的,包括亚利桑那州、佐治亚州、密歇根州、内华达州、宾夕法尼亚州和威斯康星州。

在所有六个关键战场上,哈里斯最近的民调都比拜登一周多前退出竞选前高出1到3个百分点。拜登退出竞选时,在这六个州都落后两个百分点或更多,而哈里斯现在在密歇根州和威斯康星州与特朗普50比50,在内华达州、宾夕法尼亚州和亚利桑那州与特朗普的差距在一个百分点以内。从统计数据来看,所有州都处于僵持状态。

根据众多民调机构的同类比较,自拜登退选以来,哈里斯在几乎所有人口群体中都取得了进展。特别是,她在黑人、拉丁裔、年轻选民和女性选民以及无党派人士中的支持率有所上升。只有一个群体——50岁以上的选民——的支持率略有下降。

密切跟踪这场竞争的预测交易员注意到了这些变化。哈里斯在Polymarket和PredictIt这两个预测市场上的价格已经超过了拜登辩论前的价格,尽管它们仍然认为她比特朗普略逊一筹,特朗普的价格在7月13日暗杀未遂后飙升。

距离大选还有不到100天的时间,哈里斯为此前士气低落的民主党注入了显著的热情。

在这场投票率至关重要的竞选中,哈里斯的参选也重振了民主党选民的热情。英国《金融时报》对民调的分析显示,在2020年投票给拜登的人中,有73%表示对投票给哈里斯感到“兴奋”,而只有37%表示对再次投票给拜登感到兴奋。此外,2020年投票给拜登的选民中计划此次不投票的比例从10%降至3%。

伴随着重新燃起的热情而来的是慷慨的筹款。哈里斯的竞选团队上周日宣布,他们在不到一周的时间里筹集了2亿美元,其中三分之二来自首次捐款。

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