字节低估了元宇宙社交

巴比特Published on 2022-10-26Last updated on 2022-10-26

Abstract

元宇宙社交真有机会吗?元宇宙社交到底该怎么做?

社交难做,元宇宙社交更难做。

最新消息,Facebook的元宇宙社交平台Horizon Worlds月活仅有20万,距离最初设定的50万目标还差30万,且用户数量还在持续下降。更令人担心的是,大多数用户在访问Horizon Worlds一个月后便不会再登录平台。自春季以来,该平台的用户数量一直在持续下降。

不光是Facebook,百度的“希壤”、小冰公司的“小冰岛”、元宇宙概念股天下秀推出的“虹宇宙”,曾用20天冲上App Store下载榜第一的元宇宙社交APP“啫喱”,腾讯用QQ秀升级的超级QQ秀,字节跳动收购的波粒子、推出的抖音仔仔...

无论是互联网巨头,还是刚起步的创业公司,都在竞相努力成为元宇宙这条充满无限可能性赛道的领先者,事实却是,这些平台除了产品发布、发新闻稿时热度高,很快就回归平静,就像Horizon Worlds一样。

所以元宇宙社交真有机会吗?元宇宙社交到底该怎么做?

01 社交产品越复杂,交友效率越高

扎克伯格用了一年多时间,花费了百亿美元,终于把虚拟形象安上了一双能够正常走路的“腿”,不再只是上半身的幽灵状态。可见元宇宙有多复杂。

但复杂,对于社交,从来不是问题。

想要社交就要有话题,所有做社交产品都信奉的“150定律”发现者——人类学家罗宾·邓巴在《梳毛、八卦及语言的进化》一书中认为,黑猩猩靠梳毛社交,人类则通过八卦,甚至语言进化的目的就是为了顺畅聊八卦。可以说,八卦就是人类建立、维护关系的纽带。

而开启话题自然需要“面对面”,才能收集到足够的信息。如果是千里之外的两个人,那语音肯定比文字更有效,视频肯定比语音有效,是不是信息越复杂,人们越喜欢?所以说,真能像元宇宙描绘的那样,用VR、AR、XR让千里之外的两个人实现了面对面交流,或者更进一步,加入更多虚拟场景,就像是为什么选择这个二次元形象、为什么选择那个赛博朋克场景、为什么带了个虚拟玩偶…信息就更复杂,话题就更多,自然更符合熟人聊天。

然而,比熟人更依赖话题的是不熟的人,最典型的就是陌生人。

破冰是陌生人交流的最开始也是最重要的环节,了解信息越多也就有更多的话题可以破冰,从陌生到相识。事实上,无论陌陌、探探、Tinder,还是Soul、积目、伊对,都在想方设法让用户留下更多个人信息,从附近的人到真人照片再到有出生年月日、星座、家乡、学校、公司以及各种爱好标签…这些信息越多,越准,附近的人、摇一摇、左滑右滑、兴趣星球、声音匹配、视频匹配以及各种兴趣匹配才越准确,交友效率才越高。

元宇宙如此复杂,单就现在元宇宙社交最流行的虚拟形象捏脸社交而言,无论是崽崽、Soul、Bud,还是腾讯复活的qq秀、抖音仔仔、曾火爆一时的啫喱,想要捏脸,总要选择喜爱的脸型、发型、眼睛、眉毛、嘴、耳朵,有了这些数据就可以进行匹配。

这还不够的话,还有衣服、裤子、外套、裙子,眼镜、书包、项链、耳环等各种各样的配饰,如此多的信息,只要建立合适的匹配模型,就像货架陈列里经典的尿布和啤酒 (在超市买尿布的奶爸很可能会买啤酒) ,就会指数级提升交友匹配效率。

事实上,所有社交产品竞争的关键就是交友效率,交友效率越高,产品竞争力就越强。 似乎无论元宇宙的终局究竟是什么,单就其复杂的构成,对社交赛道都是一个历史性机会。然而一个硬币都有着两面,复杂是大机会,复杂也是大问题。

02 如何触发网络效应

风险投资机构NFX对PayPal、微软、Facebook、Uber、Twitter、Salesforce等全世界最具影响力的互联网公司进行研究,发现这些业务各异的公司都具有一个共同点——网络效应。简单说,当公司的产品或者服务会随着使用增加而变得更有价值时,就发生了网络效应。

网络效应的发生并不是线性的,几乎所有互联网产品会在某个时刻出现一个引爆点,进而实现爆发性增长。

这是因为真实世界存在的网络并不是一个规则的结构,而是像下图一样规模不一,呈群落状的结构,比如家庭、学校、共同兴趣的圈子是相对紧密的结构,这些小圈子是由一些联系员、内行、推销员等个别人物与更多人联系,一旦这类小圈子的用户达到一定规模,就会被个别人物引爆流行。

网络效应有什么好处呢?TikTok在Facebook眼皮底下实现高速增长就得益于此。

《TikTok内幕:张一鸣的巨浪征途》一文提到Tik Tok的高速增长需要跨越四个阶段:第一阶段是无脑砸资源。第二阶段是内容生态建设。第三阶段就是里程碑时刻——拐点降临了。第四阶段是品牌建设和商业化。

这里的DAU渗透率实际就是在一个区域市场形成了网络效应,也正因为以DAU日活渗透率为核心指标,Tik Tok用让Facebook无法理解的次日30%低留存率从Facebook获得了海量用户。

而一旦实现了网络效应也就即将迎接后续的高速增长。Facebook先后用短视频应用Lasso、在Instagram加上短视频功能也无法扼杀Tik Tok的增长。

事实上,Facebook本身的成功也得益于网络效应,虽然产品功能平平无奇,但因为先后聚集了哈佛大学、耶鲁大学、哥伦比亚大学以及后来整个常春藤联盟的学校,所以吸引了大量想结识世界级名校学生的人们,从而迅速在整个美国乃至全世界流行起来。

不仅是Facebook、Snapchat、Tik Tok,我曾总结过近年来知名度很高社交产品早期用户群体,都是带有典型特征的小众用户群体,最终通过网络效应实现了快速增长。

由此可见,一个社交产品成功的关键不是功能有多复杂,而是通过这个功能,能不能在一个群体里实现网络效应,从而实现快速增长。

从这个思路看,一个元宇宙社交产品该如何启动呢?

03 元宇宙社交,从“小”开始

既然是元宇宙,虚拟世界的搭建是必不可少的。

相比Facebook早期的课程表、活动、话题,Snapchat的阅后即焚,Clubhouse的聊天室等相对标准化的功能,这些虚拟形象都太过复杂,有二次元,有3D的,有各种脸型、发型、眼睛、眉毛...

表面看用户有了更多选择,但实际降低了交友可能。那怎么破局呢?答案很简单,做减法,先找到一个垂直人群、垂直场景扎下去。

前面提到Tik Tok通过日活渗透率击穿了区域市场,以地域为维度,找到合适的垂直群体,做出符合他们的喜好形象,形成网络效应,无疑是一种有效路径。

除了地域,还有兴趣。我有个观点,互联网高效信息流通能力,在打破时间、空间限制的同时也在重塑另一种规则,人们开始在互联网上以兴趣为维度,形成不同的圈子,比如二次元起家的B站,老铁文化的快手,热爱潮流事物的得物,还有以KOL为核心,关注KOL粉丝们形成的兴趣圈子,用现下流行的词语就是私域流量。

现今元宇宙社交产品基本是两个思路,一个是捏完脸开始进行匹配,另一种就是游戏式,搭建一个游戏式样的虚拟世界,用户在玩游戏的过程中,逐渐建立关系。

其实我们对虚拟世界并不陌生,毕竟游戏就是虚拟世界,比如很多《剑网3》玩家都痴迷于捏脸模块,#剑网3捏脸#微博话题有接近7000人进行了超过200万次讨论。

▲图:不少人用《剑网3》的捏脸系统捏出了明星

《集合啦!动物森友会》知名度更高,很多用户愿意在这个游戏制造的虚拟世界中捕鱼、种地、建房子、交朋友,过上向往的生活。

事实上,我一直认为,现今最好的元宇宙社交产品就是《集合啦!动物森友会》,而非所谓的Roblox、Horizon Worlds、第二人生。

其实一个游戏的爱好者就是一个垂直人群,如果我们把游戏看成一个工具,无论原本的职业、家庭、喜好如何,通过这个工具留下来的用户都成了一个垂直群体——这款游戏的玩家。随着游戏影响力的大小,这些玩家呈现出不同程度的网络效应。这也解释了为什么我们熟知的元宇宙社交产品看起来都那么像是一款游戏。

然而游戏爱好者也存在一个问题,这个垂直群体极度依赖游戏影响力,不同游戏群体之间又有着很深的区隔,很难融合到一起。几乎每个爆款游戏都有自己的社区,但社区之间很难打通。这里可能要引申一个更大的话题,谁规定了元宇宙只是一个宇宙呢?

最后再来看看字节的元宇宙社交。

字节在社交道路上的尝试可谓一路周折,但目前似乎还是流量驱动,以及借助抖音流量池进行其他模式的嫁接。这就犯了一个关键错误:盲目进入大C,而忽视那部分可以破圈的小C。所以种种尝试都是未果。因为不停在复制过往失败经验。

现在加上元宇宙概念,复杂程度远超2D时代,元宇宙的世界刚刚开启,就像90年代初的极客们没办法想象现在的互联网一样,我们对元宇宙的所有猜想也仅仅是一种猜想。简单做加法,显然不可行。

目前对字节跳动元宇宙社交团队而言,是寻找能够让其破圈的人群,而不是在已经“俘获”的人群上进行多次“收割”,简而言之,就是挖掘新一批高粘性种子用户,真正入了他们的圈子后,让他们助力破圈,唯有如此,别无二法。

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433 Total ViewsPublished 2025.05.13Updated 2025.05.13

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