Dash 已上线基于 Zcash 的 ZK 隐私功能

cryptonews.ruPublished on 2026-07-30Last updated on 2026-07-30

Abstract

Dash在Dash Platform v4.0.0中基于Zcash的Orchard协议实现了ZK隐私功能,将其内置于协议层。这为Dash提供了第二种隐私模型,与原有的CoinJoin混合技术共存。新方案使用零知识证明来隐藏交易金额、发送方、接收方以及池内余额,适用于快速移动钱包,且隐私功能为可选。 用户可将资金从透明地址存入隐私池进行私密转账,也可直接从Dash Core存入或提现至Core地址。Platform Credits是其内部计价单位,与Dash固定挂钩。 该实现基于Zcash的Orchard协议(采用无需可信设置的Halo 2),Dash团队进行了适配与集成,并修复了此前发现的关键漏洞。钱包同步通过本地解密完成以保护隐私,测试中同步时间约为21秒。 目前隐私池仅支持Platform Credits,但Dash计划未来为平台原生代币增设独立的隐私池。该技术结合了ZK隐私、代币与NFT发行以及与Dash兑换的能力,使资产能与成熟代币及外部市场直接连通。支持新功能的移动钱包预计即将发布。

二月时,我们曾报道过 Dash 计划整合 Orchard 协议的消息。当时谈论的是未来的版本发布以及私有用户代币的前景。

如今,计划的第一部分已经实现:在 Dash Platform v4.0.0 中,shielded(屏蔽)操作已成为共识的一部分。这并非一个外部混币器、托管服务或实验性的智能合约——隐私功能已直接内置于协议之中。

对于历史上与 CoinJoin 相关的 Dash 来说,这不是对旧有机制的替代,而是第二种隐私模型。CoinJoin 在主网中继续运行,而在 Platform 中,则使用 ZK 证明来替代需要多方参与的混合轮次。这种方法更适合快速的移动钱包。同时,Dash 的常规交易仍然是透明的:隐私性是可选的。

Shielded pool(屏蔽资金池)隐藏了池内转账的余额、发送方、接收方和金额。网络会验证资金确实存在、属于发送方且未被重复花费,但在验证过程中不会披露交易的具体内容。

用户可以从透明的 Platform 地址向资金池存入 credits(信用积分),进行隐私转账,然后再将资金转回。对于 DASH 持有者来说,更重要的是另外两条途径:ShieldFromAssetLock 直接从 Core 向 shielded pool 发送资金,而 ShieldedWithdrawal 则将资金提取到指定的 Core 地址。为了避免将提现与之前的活动关联起来,钱包必须使用一个新地址。

Platform Credits(平台信用积分)是 Dash Platform 的内部计价单位,与 Dash 以固定比例挂钩:1 Dash 对应 1000 亿 credits。

隐私功能如何运作——无需复杂数学解释

Dash 并没有从零开始创建新的 ZK 方案。其实现基于 Orchard,这是 Zcash 基于 Halo 2(无需可信设置)构建的 shielded(屏蔽)协议。Dash 的工程工作主要是将其适配到 Platform:创建自定义的状态转换逻辑、在 GroveDB 中存储数据、处理手续费、同步钱包以及与 Core 网络的返回路径。

在本次发布前不久,Orchard 协议中发现了一个严重漏洞,该漏洞可能允许在资金池内进行双花攻击。Zcash 团队修复了证明方案,而 Dash Core Group 在发布 Platform 4.0 之前就已将其实现迁移至更新后的代码库。Dash 中额外的控制层由 SumTree(求和树)结构提供:该结构存储并核对资金池的状态,防止隐蔽增发不被察觉。

Shielded 系统的主要挑战之一是钱包同步。为了发现接收到的资金,应用程序会获取加密的 notes(票据),并在本地检查哪些票据可以用自己的密钥解密。在此过程中,服务器不会得知哪些转账属于该用户。

在测试版应用程序中,我们创建了一个新钱包并启动了同步:同步过程耗时约 21 秒,这比 ZCash 的钱包 Zodl 的同步速度要快得多。

支持新技术的移动钱包版本预计将在近期发布。

目前,资金池仅支持 Platform Credits。不过,Dash 已经宣布计划为 Platform 的原生代币添加独立的 shielded pools。

私有用户资产并非新概念。Dash 的优势在于具体的能力组合:ZK 隐私、代币与 NFT 发行,以及所创建资产与 Dash 之间的双向兑换。这使得每一种资产都能与一个已确立的加密货币建立直接联系,并通过它连接到外部市场。

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Related Questions

QDash Platform v4.0.0是如何实现隐私交易的?它与Dash原有的CoinJoin机制是什么关系?

ADash Platform v4.0.0通过直接集成基于Zcash Orchard协议的ZK-proofs(零知识证明)来内置隐私交易功能。这并非一个外部混合器或实验性合约,而是协议层级的实现。它与Dash历史上使用的CoinJoin机制并非替代关系,而是新增的第二套隐私模型。CoinJoin继续在主网运行,而Platform中的ZK-proof方案更适合快速移动钱包,两者并存,用户可根据需要选择使用。

Q什么是Shielded pool?它能隐藏交易中的哪些信息?

AShielded pool(屏蔽资金池)是Dash Platform中用于处理隐私交易的核心机制。它能够隐藏交易中的发送方、接收方、转账金额以及参与者在池内的余额。网络可以通过零知识证明验证资金确实存在、属于发送方且未被重复花费,而无需知晓交易的具体内容。

Q用户如何将DASH代币存入Shielded pool进行隐私交易?交易完成后如何取出?

A用户可以通过两种主要路径与Shielded pool交互:1. 使用“ShieldFromAssetLock”功能直接从Dash Core网络将资金存入Shielded pool。2. 通过“ShieldedWithdrawal”功能将资金从Shielded pool提取到指定的Core网络地址。为了不将取款行为与此前的活动关联,钱包在取款时必须使用一个新的地址。

QDash在集成Orchard协议时遇到了什么安全问题?他们是如何应对的?

A在集成Orchard协议接近发布时,发现了其存在一个可能允许池内双花(双重支付)的关键漏洞。对此,Zcash团队修复了其证明方案,而Dash Core Group在Platform v4.0发布前,也已将其实现迁移到了更新后的库。Dash额外通过SumTree结构来存储和验证池的状态,提供了另一层防护,防止潜在的隐藏增发不被察觉。

QDash未来的隐私功能发展计划是什么?其优势体现在哪里?

ADash已宣布计划为Platform上的原生代币(即用户发行的代币和NFT)添加独立的Shielded pools。Dash的优势在于将ZK-隐私技术、代币与NFT发行功能,以及与DASH的兑换通道紧密结合。这使得每个基于平台创建的资产都能通过DASH与外部市场建立直接联系,形成一个功能全面且具有流动性的隐私资产生态系统。

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