Arthur Hayes最新访谈:美财政部在变相“放水”,BTC阶段性底部已经过去

marsbitPublished on 2025-04-29Last updated on 2025-04-30

知名加密货币主题访谈频道 The Rollup 今日更新了最新一期的对话内容。本期参与嘉宾为近来行情预测战绩颇佳的BitMEX 联合创始人 Arthur Hayes,以及刚刚启动 4000 万美元基金的 ether.fi 首席执行官Mike Silagadze,访谈内容涉及行情预测、ETH/BTC 价格表现、BTC 与黄金、基本面分析等多层内容。

以下为此次访谈的部分内容摘选(重点聚焦Arthur Hayes 的发言),由 Marsbit编译。

市场

Q1:回调是否已结束?

Arthur Hayes:我认为市场绝对已在 74500 美元左右触底。当时特朗普团队在关税问题方面采取了极端的立场,但迫于金融市场暴跌的压力不得不选择妥协 —— 毕竟特朗普团队还面临着 2026 年中期选举的压力。

所以市场已经触底,资金回来了,比特币已反弹了 25% 左右。还记得 2022 年 FTX 暴雷之后的市场低点吗?当时耶伦选择了将逆回购从 2.5 亿美元降至 0,之后比特币上涨了接近 6 倍,我认为我们会看到类似的上涨模式,这是比特币迈向 100 万美元的开端。

Q2:市场的流动性和积极情绪能持续多久?上涨是否仍与特朗普推动的降息预期相关?

Arthur Hayes:过度关注降息有些本末倒置。人们总想套用2008-2019年的经验 —— 量化宽松政策一出,美联储每周印钞,我们买入资产就能稳赚不赔,这已成为金融市场的条件反射,但如今游戏规则已变。当普通民众都意识到量化宽松意味着通胀,而通胀会影响执政党选情时,政策工具箱就必须更新。2022 年底耶伦的操作就是典型案例 —— 虽非名义上的 QE,却通过某种形式创造流动性,推动股市、加密货币和黄金在随后 18-24 个月暴涨,直到特朗普就职。

现在人们却还在等待鲍威尔降息或重启 QE,这完全是刻舟求剑。

当前美国财政部正在实施债券回购计划,虽不像 QE 那样直白,但本质都是为国债买家提供杠杆。随着政府赤字膨胀,数万亿美元新债将涌入市场,这意味着流动性仍在注入,只是换了个马甲。若非要等到传统 QE 信号才入场,等比特币涨到 50 万美元时你可能还在观望。

真正需要关注的数据是波动率,尤其是债券市场波动率指数(MOVE)。当该指数突破140时,政策制定者必定出手干预:例如4月8日盘中触及172后,摩根大通CEO戴蒙立即在电视上抨击特朗普的关税政策,特朗普随即改弦更张;2022年9月MOVE突破140后,耶伦迅速调整债券发行结构,市场应声反弹。历史反复证明,随着金融系统杠杆率攀升,政策制定者的干预阈值正在降低。

特朗普作为"波动率制造机"恰恰是比特币的利好。他惯用"极限施压-试探反应-快速转向"的策略,这种不可预测性正是加密市场最爱的养料。我们无需预判政策走向,只要波动率上升就能赚钱—— 因为高杠杆金融体系根本承受不住剧烈波动。

Q3:黄金的涨势同样凶猛,比特币和黄金的上涨逻辑想同吗?

Arthur Hayes:我认为黄金和比特币是同一现象的不同表达,只是购买它们的群体不同。

归根结底,我认为你持有黄金是因为央行会买黄金,你持有比特币是因为全球零售人群会买比特币。他们想逃避的是同一个东西 —— 过高的通胀,以及战后法定金融系统可能的崩溃。

Q4:为什么债务再融资会为系统注入流动性?

Arthur Hayes:关键在于理解"基差交易"的运作。对冲基金通过现货债券与期货合约的价差,叠加高杠杆套利。随着财政部放宽银行资本金要求,这些基金能以更高杠杆参与国债拍卖。虽然财政部回购计划本身不创造流动性,但通过维系国债市场运转,使财政部得以持续增发债券—— 在赤字率飙升22%的背景下(2024 财年前六个月较上年同期),这种机制本质上是通过金融工程维持流动性供给。

Q5:哪些代币能跑赢比特币?会是那些具备真实现金流的代币吗?

Arthur Hayes:这让我想起巴菲特的名言:“价格是你付出的,价值是你得到的。”

这个问题的关键取决于入场价格 —— 如果你以 0.55 美元买入 ether.fi(注:访谈中另一位嘉宾为 ether.fi 首席执行官 Mike Silagadze),假设 Mike 描述的愿景实现,确实可能跑赢比特币,但如果以虚高价格接盘,即便项目再创造 10 亿美元收入,从那个基点出发的百分比收益也难敌比特币。

任何资产都可能超越比特币,但取决于两个变量:买入价格区间,以及持有期间收入增长曲线。有很多未被充分定价的现金流代币,当"山寨季"或"基本面季"来临时(即比特币统治率见顶阶段),确实存在爆发潜力。

Q6:比特币的市占率是否已见顶?

Arthur Hayes:我认为没有。

机构投资者、家族办公室,现在正经历认知觉醒 —— 特朗普打破了"美国例外主义"的幻象,暴露出这个帝国优先照顾基本盘选民而非资本安全的本质。

这批资金会开始理解比特币的存在意义,他们会增持黄金、减持纳斯达克和美债,转而配置与现行体系脱钩的资产。这种迁移首先会集中在比特币而非其他代币上 —— 富豪们不会一上来就买山寨币。

Q7:听说Maelstrom(Arthur Hayes 的基金)正在做一些并购工作,整合新的加密业务?

Arthur Hayes:我们正在运作一个小型并购基金。有一些现金流很好的加密业务,因为某些原因被传统投资者误解了。

我们在资本部署上有很大的灵活性,因为都是我自己的钱,没有投资备忘录(PPM)限制。我们正在看几家公司,可能会对其中一家进行杠杆收购,作为赞助商改善其业务。加密领域有很多细分的高现金流业务,可能不完全是区块链业务,而是服务提供商,传统私募市场投资者不太喜欢,因为它们不是 Coinbase 那种高增长潜力的公司。但如果假设这个领域会增长,我们需要某些只有加密原生机构才能提供的服务。

Q8:现阶段,你筛选资产的标准是什么?

Arthur Hayes:首先,我要找的是那些用户真金白银付费使用的协议或业务——不是靠代币激励,而是用户自掏稳定币或其他加密货币来购买服务。最典型的例子就是交易所,比如 Hyperliquid 就是典范,18 个月内从零做到占永续合约市场 10-20% 份额。他们构建了极其高效的订单簿系统,用户支付的手续费直接用于代币回购,这种简单直接的商业模式才说得通。

第二点关键在于代币持有者如何获益。现在很多赚得盆满钵满的项目(比如某些顶级 DEX),代币持有者却分不到一杯羹。以 Uniswap为例 —— 协议赚得再多,持有 UNI 也没用,这就是为什么我根本不关注它的价格。如果项目方靠发币融资起家,协议成功后却不让社区共享收益,那简直是在耍流氓。

我投资代币的核心标准很明确:第一要有真实付费用户,第二要建立明确的利润分配机制 —— 无论是通过回购、分红还是其他形式。这样我才能计算预期 APY,进行现金流折现分析,判断当前估值是否合理。过去一个半月我一直在耐心布局这类项目,因为市场非理性抛售创造了绝佳买点 —— 仅仅因为"不是比特币"就被过度抛售,反而让那些现金流强劲的协议出现了黄金坑。

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