特朗普转鸽:不炒鲍威尔,押注降息窗口开启?

链捕手Published on 2025-04-23Last updated on 2025-04-23

Abstract

白宫在周二早些时候还为特朗普批评鲍威尔的言论进行辩护,称总统「有权表达对美联储的不满」。鲍威尔的分析认为,关税可能导致经济增长停滞并推高通胀,这将限制美联储进一步降息的空间,这一观点激怒了特朗普。

作者:赵雨荷,华尔街见闻

此前一直批评美联储主席鲍威尔未能尽快降息、甚至威胁将其解雇的美国总统特朗普周二表示,尽管他仍对美联储未能更迅速地降息感到不满,但他无意解雇鲍威尔。


当被问到是否确认自己并不寻求解除鲍威尔职务时,特朗普在白宫椭圆形办公室回答说:「绝对没有,从来没有。」
「这是媒体在瞎传。没有,我没有要解雇他的打算。我只是希望他在降息这件事上能更积极一些。」
「如果他不这么做,会是世界末日吗?不会。但现在确实是个合适的时机。总之,我无意解雇他。」
不过,特朗普仍重申了对鲍威尔的批评。


「我们认为现在是降息的绝佳时机,并希望我们的主席是提前或准时行动,而不是落后于形势。」


特朗普此前几天一直向鲍威尔施压,要求其降息。就在周一,特朗普还称鲍威尔是一个「彻底的失败者」,并暗示此前美联储的降息举措是为了帮助美国前总统拜登。


上周,特朗普曾表示他等不及要看到鲍威尔「被解职」,还坚称如果他试图将其解职,鲍威尔就会走人。白宫国家经济委员会主任凯文·哈塞特在上周五曾告诉记者,特朗普正在研究自己是否有权解雇鲍威尔,此前总统在社交媒体和公开讲话中多次批评美联储。


此外,在上周欧洲央行将基准利率下调 0.25 个百分点至 2.25% 之前,特朗普曾猛烈抨击鲍威尔,一再抱怨美联储降息的速度不够快。特朗普曾称鲍威尔是一个「彻头彻尾的失败者」,还曾表示:「如果我想让他下台,他会很快就走人」,并敦促立即降息,此举引发了人们对其可能干预央行独立性的担忧。


特朗普态度转变平息市场情绪 美股盘后拉涨


分析认为,这一表态旨在平息市场紧张情绪,也标志着特朗普态度的明显转变。此前他不断加大对鲍威尔的批评力度,并一度拒绝排除采取前所未有的举措、将其解职的可能性,引起市场震荡。


周一,由于特朗普继续严厉批评鲍威尔,甚至威胁解雇,美股、美债、美元一齐下跌,出现「股汇债三杀」,黄金和避险性质的瑞郎等货币加速上涨,金价再创历史新高。


而在特朗普周二表态无意解雇鲍威尔后,标普 500 ETF 盘后涨 1.2%,苹果涨超 2.7%。布伦特原油 5 分钟内下跌 1.02 美元 / 桶,报 66.74 美元 / 桶。美元 / 瑞郎 5 分钟内上涨 0.0069,报 0.8198。欧元 / 美元日内跌幅超 1.0%,报 1.1365。


随着白宫表示在推动减少本月早些时候宣布的全面关税方面的贸易谈判取得进展,美国国债和美元周二表现出更大稳定性。尽管 10 年期国债收益率几无波动,但由于拍卖需求疲软,2 年期收益率上涨至 3.82%。


根据 90 年前的一项美国最高法院判例,总统除非能证明联邦官员存在严重失职或不当行为,否则无权解雇鲍威尔。鲍威尔已多次表示,总统无权将其解职,他也不会在任期结束前离开,鲍威尔的任期将于 2026 年结束。


白宫在周二早些时候还为特朗普批评鲍威尔的言论进行辩护,称总统「有权表达对美联储的不满」。鲍威尔的分析认为,关税可能导致经济增长停滞并推高通胀,这将限制美联储进一步降息的空间,这一观点激怒了特朗普。

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