【矛盾加剧】美联储不听话?特朗普点名三连击,鲍威尔岌岌可危!

链捕手Published on 2025-04-18Last updated on 2025-04-18

Abstract

鲍威尔表示,美联储将继续做该做的工作,不受政治影响。无论面临何种政治压力,美联储都会做好本职工作。

作者:张雅琦、李丹,华尔街见闻

眼看欧洲央行一再降息,美联储主席鲍威尔却总「不听劝」,美国总统特朗普看来怒了,一天内三遍点名鲍威尔、喊话要降息,甚至放狠话,说鲍威尔早就该被解雇了。
美东时间 17 日周四早上,特朗普在社交媒体媒体发帖称:


总是太迟和错误的美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔昨天发布了一份报告,这是又一次典型的、完全的「混乱」!


鲍威尔早就应该像欧洲央行那样降低利率,但他现在应该肯定降低它们。鲍威尔的离职越快越好!


周四美股午盘时段,特朗普又两次喊话鲍威尔。


特朗普说,我认为鲍威尔并没有做好本职工作。如果我提出要求,他就得离开。鲍威尔让我高兴不起来。他总是行动迟缓。


特朗普指责鲍威尔在操弄政治,说他太糟糕了。美国的利率已经上升,利率应当被压下去。鲍威尔应当降息。特朗普还拿欧洲做对比,说欧洲就在降息。


隔了几十分钟,特朗普又「炮轰」鲍威尔,说美联储应当降息,这是联储亏欠美国民众的。鲍威尔将面临很大的政治压力。


特朗普说,鲍威尔唯一能做的好事就是降息。如果欧洲降息,而美联储无动于衷,会让美国处于劣势。成本下降,美国的通胀微乎其微。


特朗普的这些言论显然是对昨晚鲍威尔鹰派声明的回应。特朗普本周三,鲍威尔重申一周多以前的说辞,称美联储「完全能够等到(形势)更明确,然后考虑调整我们的政策立场。」鲍威尔认为,关税等特朗普的政策让经济面临很高的不确定性,联储要避免关税持久推升通胀。


其实,特朗普早已对鲍威尔不满。特朗普觉得,鲍威尔在抗通胀方面保持「慢半拍」、「行动太慢」。他多次在社交媒体上催促降息,要鲍威尔「赶快动作」。


美最高院判决可能影响鲍威尔任职


本周一,白宫传出美联储「换帅」风声。美国财政部长贝森特表示,他与特朗普」一直在考虑「下一任美联储主席的人选,并计划在秋季开始面试潜在候选人。
这番话让美联储领导层变动的猜测重燃。知名金融分析师 Jim Bianco 认为,鲍威尔可能面临两种命运:要么被特朗普直接解职,要么被架空,因为鲍威尔继任者的提名人可以发表讲话削弱他的权威。


值得注意的是,今年 5 月,美国最高法院的一场判决可能成为今年夏天的」黑天鹅「事件。特朗普的政府正准备请求最高法院解雇两位联邦机构的高官。
有分析指出,此案的最终判决是对「特朗普是否有权解雇美联储主席鲍威尔」的试探——尽管现行《联邦储备法》规定解雇美联储主席需有「正当理由」,但若最高法院推翻」Humphrey’s Executor「案的判例,无疑将极大削弱这一保护屏障,为总统干预美联储运作打开大门。


也就是说,通过改变法律规则,特朗普或许能在未来「轻松」解雇美联储主席。
本周三,被问及美联储主席一职面临的政治威胁时,鲍威尔表示,美联储的独立性是由美国法律赋予的,政府不可以无故罢免联储官员。他说:」我们(美联储)的独立性是一个法律问题。「


鲍威尔表示,美联储将继续做该做的工作,不受政治影响。无论面临何种政治压力,美联储都会做好本职工作。

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