特朗普豪言:比特币只能‘美国制造’,全球矿工慌了吗?

金十数据Published on 2025-01-02Last updated on 2025-01-03

Abstract

“特朗普可能是对比特币挖矿最有利的事情,”库利克说。“他是一个支持能源和支持经济增长类型的总统。”

随着特朗普准备履行一长串竞选承诺,这位当选总统誓言确保所有剩余的比特币都“在美国制造”,这可能成为他最难以实现的承诺之一。


特朗普是在6月与一群加密矿企高管在海湖庄园会面后,在他的Truth Social账号上做出这一承诺的。这些公司拥有大规模、高科技的数据中心,通过区块链上的交易处理工作换取以比特币或其他加密货币支付的报酬。这次会议是特朗普从加密怀疑论者转变为该行业最强支持者的关键转折点。


“这是一个典型的特朗普式的评论,但它确实不符合现实,”位于西雅图的Luxor Technology首席运营官伊森·维拉表示,该公司为矿工提供软件和服务。


尽管普遍被视为一种象征性的支持声明,但实际上几乎不可能实现,因为区块链是去中心化的网络,没有人能够控制或禁止其他人参与其中。实际上,随着全球各地的大规模运营如雨后春笋般涌现,为了分得每年数十亿美元的行业收入,该领域正变得越来越具竞争力。


俄罗斯寡头和迪拜王室是最新加入竞争的一些参与者。雄厚的资金和对大量电力的获取正在促使他们加入这个利润丰厚但能源密集型的过程。预计最终将被创造出来的2100万个比特币中约95%已经铸造完成,不过根据硬性上限,全部生产完毕预计还需大约100年。


过去几年间,随着代币价格的指数级增长,美国的比特币矿业已经发展成为一个数十亿美元的产业。然而,根据行业分析师的说法,来自美国矿工的总计算能力远低于50%,而且国内公司无法完全支撑整个网络。


虽然没有公开数据表明每个地区计算能力的来源,但大型加密矿服务提供商如Luxor往往对构成情况有很好的了解。他们通过聚合计算能力的软件来提高矿工获得比特币奖励的机会,因此对采矿地点有更具体的信息。


CleanSpark Inc.和Riot Platforms Inc.等美国矿工迅速支持了特朗普,寄希望于这位前总统能减轻高能耗过程对环境影响的审查,遏制海外竞争,并扭转拜登政府下被视为限制性的指导方针。特朗普对比特币的支持帮助他在上一个选举周期内筹集到了约1.35亿美元的竞选捐款,这是任何单一行业贡献的最大数额。


尽管美国市场快速扩张以及最近的加密货币牛市,但由于美国经济制裁和一些新兴经济体的通胀,海外矿工进一步扩大了他们的业务。


“有几个不同的市场将迎来巨大的增长。”Synteq Digital的首席执行官塔拉斯·库利克说,该公司是最大的比特币专用计算机经纪商之一。库利克指出,“东欧国家如哈萨克斯坦的需求增加,而亚洲、非洲和中东地区的销售也在上升。”


据库利克称,俄罗斯对比特币的态度放松也促使该国的行业复苏。


对于一些非洲和南美国家来说,比特币挖矿的利润率比美国同行要大得多。非洲部分地区有着廉价的能源供应,水力资源丰富的埃塞俄比亚是大陆上增长最快的比特币挖矿枢纽之一。美元计价的挖矿收入为阿根廷等国家的本地运营商提供了一种避免通胀螺旋并保护其储蓄的方法。


即使美国矿工也开始进行海外扩张,因为像德克萨斯州这样的州的电力成本上升。市值最大的矿企MARA Holdings Inc.宣布计划与阿布扎比的一家主权财富基金拥有的本地公司组建合资企业。该合资企业旨在建立中东地区最大的矿场之一。


美国境内的运营也不完全是为国内矿工服务的。许多矿工提供托管服务,无论是美国人还是海外人士都可以购买机器并支付给这些运营方来运行机器以赚取比特币。


特朗普还可能为美国矿工带来另一个逆风:贸易冲突可能会提高比特币挖矿机器的成本,尤其是在机器是矿工除了电力之外的两大主要开支之一的情况下。但对于许多矿工而言,特朗普带来的好处超过了损害。


“特朗普可能是对比特币挖矿最有利的事情,”库利克说。“他是一个支持能源和支持经济增长类型的总统。”

相关阅读:

响应特朗普?美国多个州考虑建立比特币储备

特朗普的比特币储备计划,能否为加密货币提供反弹动力?

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