史上最吸金--贝莱德的现货比特币ETF“IBIT”

华尔街日报Published on 2025-01-01Last updated on 2025-01-01

贝莱德(BlackRock)旗下iShares比特币信托基金(IBIT)正在创造ETF行业的发行神话。

这只成立仅11个月的比特币ETF已积累超过500亿美元资产规模,达到这一里程碑的速度,比此前最快纪录快了近5倍,成为ETF历史上最成功的产品之一。

以每日交易量计,IBIT占据同类产品50%以上份额,按照目前的资产规模和0.25%的费率计算,该产品年化管理费收入预计达1.12亿美元。

目前,该产品管理资产规模已超过贝莱德的黄金ETF(全球第二大黄金基金),期权产品日均交易额更是高达17亿美元,远超其他同类产品。

作为全球最大资管机构贝莱德旗下产品,IBIT的成功不仅为公司开辟了新的业务增长点,更成为推动比特币价格突破10万美元大关的关键力量,吸引了大量机构投资者和此前持怀疑态度的个人投资者入场。

咨询公司The ETF Store总裁Nate Geraci称,该产品为“ETF 历史上最伟大的一次发布”。

艰难的破冰之路

现货比特币ETF在美国市场的征程并非一帆风顺。

2013年,当比特币价格还不到100美元时,Winklevoss兄弟首次尝试申请比特币ETF,但遭到美国证券交易委员会(SEC)的拒绝。

此后多年,类似申请均未获批。直到数字资产公司Grayscale赢得了一场关键性的司法胜利,加上贝莱德的强势加入,才最终推动了现货比特币ETF的获批。

值得注意的是,贝莱德CEO Larry Fink本人对比特币的态度经历了显著转变。他曾批评比特币是洗钱工具,但后来改变立场,将其视为"数字黄金"。

2024年1月,包括贝莱德、富达、VanEck、Grayscale在内的12家机构获准发行首批直接投资比特币的ETF,这些基金目前共同持有约1070亿美元资产。

创纪录的增长速度,衍生品市场的新宠

在众多比特币ETF中,IBIT的表现尤为亮眼。

彭博情报分析师 Eric Balchunas 称,它达到500亿美元规模的速度是第二快ETF(贝莱德自家的iShares Core MSCI EAFE ETF)的5倍,后者用了近4年才达到这一里程碑。

以0.25%的费率计算,IBIT预计每年可为贝莱德带来约1.12亿美元的收入。自推出以来,该基金仅出现过9天资金净流出,平均占同类产品日交易量的50%以上。

IBIT的成功还体现在其衍生品市场的活跃度上。自11月19日推出期权交易以来,IBIT期权已成为ETF期权中交易最活跃的品种之一,日均名义交易额达17亿美元。

研究公司 Asym500 的一份报告指出,相比之下,排名第二和第三的富达和Grayscale的比特币ETF期权交易量仅为IBIT的1%左右:

“尽管美国有数千只ETF,其中有超过一千只上市期权,但建立机构级期权流动性已被证明相当困难。

在过去3个月中,只有13只ETF的日平均名义交易量超过10亿美元。”

重塑行业格局

在这场加密资产革新中,市场格局也在悄然改变。

IBIT的资产规模已超过贝莱德的黄金ETF(全球第二大黄金基金),Nate Geraci预计,如果比特币价格不出现大幅下跌,IBIT在2025年有望超越SPDR黄金ETF,成为最大的商品ETF。

与此同时,贝莱德的主要竞争对手先锋领航(Vanguard)选择完全回避比特币ETF市场,甚至不允许其经纪业务客户交易这类产品。

Geraci表示:

先锋基金可能会疏远那些将加密货币视为标准投资组合资产的年轻投资者,从而让其最大的竞争对手将自己定位为“更具前瞻性、更具创新性的资产管理者”。

风险提示及免责条款
市场有风险,投资需谨慎。本文不构成个人投资建议,也未考虑到个别用户特殊的投资目标、财务状况或需要。用户应考虑本文中的任何意见、观点或结论是否符合其特定状况。据此投资,责任自负。

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713 Total ViewsPublished 2025.05.13Updated 2025.05.13

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