靴子落地!美联储降息,比特币大牛市要开启了吗?

链捕手Published on 2024-09-19Last updated on 2024-09-19

作者: Arain , ChainCatcher

 

靴子终于落地。北京时间9月19日凌晨,美联储委员会宣布将联邦基金利率目标区间下调50个基点,降至4.75%—5.00%之间的水平。这是美联储自2020年3月以来首次开启降息,而此前为缓解美国国内通胀,美联储于2022年3月至2023年7月连续11次加息,累计加息幅度525个基点。

这意味着美国的货币政策由紧缩转向宽松,比特币暂别低迷态势,在临近降息决议前迎来回升,重回6万美元/枚,此后应声大涨,触及近20日高点。今日美股盘前,加密货币概念股上涨,Coinbase(COIN.US)涨超3%MicroStrategy(MSTR.US) 涨超4%

降息幅度罕见 市场反应混乱

历史上美联储大幅降息,往往带来经济增长、刺激通胀和催生资产泡沫等结果。

本次美联储宣布降息50个百分点,调整幅度为历史罕见,美银此前就警告称,降息50基点“没有道理,难以沟通,而且可能引发避险冲击”。

美国在没有发生经济衰退的前提下降息历史上目前仅有3次,分别为1994-1996格林斯潘时代、1998年-1999年亚洲金融危机和2019年钱荒,三次降息周期均为3次25bp。市场有分析认为本次降息可能弥补了7月降息,是美联储行动滞后的表现,但美联储主席鲍威尔否认美联储降息拖得太久,不认为本次行动滞后于利率曲线,本次降息恰恰是“美联储不落后于经济形势的承诺的体现”。

野村证券称研究了历史上的几轮大幅降息周期中的资产表现,称美联储降息50基点的三个月后,标普500指数基本没有变化,但小盘股大涨,科技股表现良好,价值股再次跑赢成长股,美元上涨,金属价格飙升,收益率曲线呈牛市陡峭化趋势。

摩根大通预计美联储还将继续降息,同时指出美联储宽松周期的开始往往“恰逢风险资产表现不佳”。

本次降息信息公布当日,美股创新高,但最终以下跌收场。其中,道琼斯工业平均指数收跌幅0.25%,标普500指数收跌0.29%,纳斯达克综合指数收跌0.31%。

就目前市场反应看,加密数字货币市场的表现受益于美联储降息的举措。Tradingview数据显示,当前比特币技术面处于买入状态,移动平均线则显示强力买入状态。

21Shares 研究分析师 Leena ElDeeb 表示:“零售额超出预期,受到市场欢迎,暂时缓解了人们对经济衰退的担忧。我们可能会看到投资者对加密货币等风险资产的兴趣有所恢复,从而刺激更多资金流入比特币现货 ETF。”

CryptoQuant 创始人 Ki Young Ju  X 称,机构不再积极做空比特币。CME 期货净头寸在过去 5 个月中下降了 75%。

比特币链上分析师@Willy Woo 在最新的X上发表看法,他称短期内看涨趋势依旧,但“可能还剩一周时间”:“我们看到大量现货 BTC 被抢购一空,交易所衍生品库存占比保持平稳,但如果出现空头挤压,这种情况可能会迅速改变。图表模式正在形成牛市旗帜。当前的需求和供应是中性看跌,但如果出现一些清算,则有迹象表明会进入看涨结构。谨慎乐观。”

Glassnode最新报告称,根据链上数据,比特币市场目前处于均衡状态,投资者以持有为主,但未来市场波动可能加剧:“供应面正在收紧,现成的稳定币数量明显下降。然而,稳定币供应量的上升带来了更大的未来购买力,在当前的不活跃和未来的潜在需求之间造成了紧张关系。这在市场上产生了一种螺旋弹簧效应,暗示着未来波动性将进一步加剧。”

需要指出的是,机构对降息信息的解读还需继续关注ETF后续的净流入情况。根据SoSoValue 的数据,918日美国现货比特币ETF报告净流出 5283 万美元,结束了连续四天净流入超过 5 亿美元的局面,流出以 Ark Invest 21Shares ARKB 为首,流出金额达 4241 万美元。

关注后续降息节奏和美国大选

美联储后续可能继续降息。

联邦公开市场委员会的19名成员预期美联储在今年底前还将进一步降息,其中9人预计将降息50个基点,7人预计将降息25个基点。

多家机构发表观点称美联储将继续降息。惠誉评级首席经济学家 Brian Coulton称本轮宽松周期将持续25个月降息10次,累计降250个基点;摩根大通和花旗预计FOMC在11月会议上会降息50个基点,摩根大通认为此后每次会议均降息25个基点;美银全球研究部则预计美联储将在今年第四季度实施75个基点的降息。

本次美联储降息周期,降息幅度称热议话题,因其伴随“美国经济是否帅图的话题”。

拜登在社交媒体X上说:“我们刚刚到了一个重要的时刻:通货膨胀率和利率正在下降,而经济依然强劲……我们的政策正在降低(消费)成本,创造就业机会。”

美国副总统哈里斯当天也说,降息是值得欢迎的消息,她发表声明说:“虽然(降息的)声明对承受高价格冲击的美国人来说是个好消息,但我的重点是继续降低价格。”

美国前总统特朗普对于美联储降息提出质疑。特朗普18日在纽约出席竞选活动时被问及他对降息的反应时回应说,这要么反映出“经济非常糟糕”:“我想,如果他们不只是在玩政治,降息这么多表明经济非常糟糕。要么是经济非常糟糕,要么是他们在玩弄政治,只有这两种可能。但是这是很大的降息。”

鲍威尔在当日的新闻发布会上称,目前没有迹象表明美国经济下滑的可能性处于高位。

巴克莱资本证券公司执行董事伊曼纽尔·科认为,在首次降息后,经济增长反弹可能需要两三个季度,因而不能确定美国经济是否能避免衰退。

值得注意的是,“美国经济衰退”现象同样会影响比特币后续的价格走势。Grayscale预计,如果美国经济避免衰退并保持可控放缓的路径,比特币可能会重新测试其之前的历史高点。

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363 Total ViewsPublished 2025.05.13Updated 2025.05.13

What is $BITCOIN

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