为何Solana能够涅槃重生,我们又该如何参与?

Odaily星球日报Published on 2023-12-23Last updated on 2023-12-23

Abstract

Solana的TVL达到年内新高,SOL年内涨幅500%,FTX暴雷后Solana为何能够再次崛起,Solana生态又有哪些参与机会?

一、Solana 的前世今生

Solana 的诞生背景:当时“公链之王” Ethereum 是毋庸置疑的加密货币主流操作系统,坐拥着大量的用户和流量,但是 Ethereum 也存在着网络拥堵、手续费高昂等问题。从体验上,Ethereum 给用户带来了糟糕的体验,仅仅是使用 DeFi 应用都有着难以忍受的拥堵。

  • 2020 年 3 月,Solana 上线主网,官方称其为最快的高性能公链。Solana 性能高、gas 低,解决了部分以太坊的缺陷。

  • 2020 年 7 月,FTX 宣布采用 Solana 作为底层公链,来搭建它们的去中心化交易所 — — Serum

  • 2020 年 10 月,Wormhole 上线,Solana 的资产可以和以太坊上的资产进行跨链转移。

  • 2021 年 3 月,Tether 在 Solana 上发行代币。

  • 2021 年 6 月,Solana 完成了 3.14 亿美元融资,参投机构包括 SBF 旗下的 Alameda Research。

  • 2021 年 11 月,Solana 锁仓量达到 10 亿美元,为同时期 Ethereum 的十分之一、BSC 的三分之二。

为何Solana能够涅槃重生,我们又该如何参与?

  • 2021 年 12 月,StepN 上线 Solana,StepN 的爆火让更多的用户了解和参与了 Solana。

  • 2022 年 2 月,Solana 超越以太坊成为活跃开发者数量最多的区块链。

  • 2022 年 11 月 9 日,FTX 暴雷,SOL 几天内暴跌 75% 左右。

为何Solana能够涅槃重生,我们又该如何参与?

  • 2023 年 8 月底至 9 月初,ShopifyVisa 先后宣布与 Solana 集成,扩展了 Solana 在 Web2 世界的支付服务版图。

  • 2023 年 12 月,Solana 生态复苏,锁仓量在两个月内从 3 亿美元左右上涨至目前的近 10 亿美元。

为何Solana能够涅槃重生,我们又该如何参与?

二、FTX 或将重启,Solana 即将迎来爆发?

1.FTX 与 Solana 的关系

FTX 崩盘之后,Solana 立刻被置于风暴中心,这还要追溯到 2020 年的 DeFi Summer。那时的 Solana 尚且籍籍无名,只是众多试图破解「不可能三角」的公链当中的一个。然而 FTX 的联合创始人兼 CEO、Alameda Research 创始人 SBF 发现了 Solana,除了参与 Solana 的多轮融资外,他还选择在 Solana 搭建去中心化交易平台 Serum(这是 Solana 上的首个去中心化交易平台),后续也同样投资了多个基于 Solana 的应用。这样真金白银的认可让大家将 SBF 与 Solana 绑定在了一起,早期甚至有人误以为他是 Solana 的创始人。

据 FTX 最新法庭文件,FTX 大约持有 5580 万个 SOL,超 SOL 总供应量的 10% ,当前价值约为 35 亿美元,这也是 FTX 持有的最大一笔加密货币资产。同时 FTX 还拥有价值约 4 亿美元的 SOL(约 650 万枚)处于未释放状态,将随时间进行线性解锁。

由此我们可以看出, FTX 与 Solana 是高度绑定的关系,FTX 是 Solana 发展道路上最大的支持者,Solana 也是 FTX 押注最多的项目。

2.FTX 重启对 Solana 的影响

伴随 FTX 一案暂时落下帷幕,美国当地时间 11 月 9 日,FTX 的代币 FTT 突然拉升了约 90% ,从最低点的 1.8 美元左右一路上升至高点的 3 美元以上。与此同时,SOL 也从 40 美元附近一路飙升,最高触及 63.95 美元,涨幅约 60% 。

FTT 的大涨主要与美国 SEC 主席 Gary Gensler 的一席话有关,在华盛顿特区金融科技周上,Gary Gensler 表示:「如果 Tom(NYSE 前总裁,现执掌一家试图重启 FTX 的主要竞标公司)或者其他人想要进入这个领域,我会说,在法律的框架里做这件事就可以。」

为何Solana能够涅槃重生,我们又该如何参与?

从持仓结构上看,FTX 一旦破产重组,除了 FTT,SOL 无疑是最大受益者。如果 FTX 是简单清算,就会类似 MT.GOX 清算,其持仓的 SOL 将会形成巨大抛压,抑制 SOL 价格上涨;但如果 FTX 重启,SOL 将会成为 FTX 最重要的加密资产和资源,FTX 的继任者无疑将会继续和 SOL 深度合作,推动 SOL 发展,伴随 SOL 价值增长,最终将大大助力 FTX 摆脱财务困境。

10 月 25 日,据彭博社报道,FTX 正在与三个未公开的竞标者谈判重启其交易平台,其中包括了硅谷投资公司 Proof Group、金融科技和数字资产公司 Figure 以及风险投资机构 Tribe Capital。该公司预计将在 12 月中旬前作出如何继续操作的决定。选择包括出售整个交易平台,其中包括超过 900 万客户的宝贵名单,或引入一个合作伙伴来帮助重启交易平台。此外,FTX 还在考虑自行重启交易平台。

目前距离决定 FTX 未来是被出售还是重启的日子已经很近了。不论是被出售还是重组,对于 Solana 来说都是一条好消息,只要避免了简单清算,Sol 未来就不会有面临巨大的上行压力。

三、打铁还需自身硬,Solana 的优势何在?

每轮牛熊转换中,都有大批项目倒下,为何 Solana 锁仓量和代币价格表现十分强势?除了 FTX 可能重启的影响,Solana 在今年的优秀表现也依赖于自身的优势。

1.Solana 先进的技术原理

Solana 在区块链技术创新方面的主要特点是引入了一种全新的共识机制,它基于历史证明(PoH)算法和快速同步引擎实现。与传统的仅依赖密码技术的共识算法不同,PoH 利用去中心化时钟来建立 Solana 网络上的交易和事件的顺序。通过高效跟踪这些交易的顺序,它提高了网络的整体效率,这与其他区块链可能存在交易顺序不明确的情况不同。

具体来说,PoH 算法通过生成一系列可验证时间戳,这些时间戳存储在区块链分类帐中。每个时间戳包含前一个时间戳的哈希值,并创建了一个可以有效验证的事件链。这种机制允许网络中的节点就操作顺序达成共识。PoH 不仅仅是一个理论概念,它还是一个计时系统,用于验证事件之间的顺序和时间流逝。

Solana 的历史证明(PoH)算法具有以下优势:

  • 可扩展性: PoH 允许事务并行处理,从而创建可靠且可验证的事件序列,使 Solana 能够实现高交易量;

  • 速度: Solana 通过使用去中心化的时钟和历史时间戳来消除耗时的操作,具有低延迟的特性,允许几乎实时确认交易;

  • 安全性: PoH 确保区块链网络中的事件顺序是可验证的,这使得攻击者更难以操纵交易顺序或进行双重花费攻击,从而提高了网络的整体安全性;

  • 效率: 交易的并行处理以及 Solana 实现的高吞吐量有助于提高交易效率并降低边际成本。

为何Solana能够涅槃重生,我们又该如何参与?

2.Solana 构建的良性开发生态

Solana 之所以在 FTX 暴雷之后能够涅槃重生,以及在公链竞争之中越发受到欢迎,除了底层公链技术的优越性有关,也与其自身非常优质的开发生态有关,这从一开始似乎就根植于 Solana 的基因中,并不断发展,形成良性循环。

Solana 的核心团队拥有高通、谷歌等高科技企业的背景,这使得 Solana 的底层代码质量很高,同时项目的开发速度也非常快。与以太坊的技术开发进展相比,Solana 的上线速度非常迅速,并且已经登录了多家中心化交易平台。

Solana 依托其硅谷背景,致力于建立高质量的开发者生态系统,吸引了来自大型科技公司的核心开发者。Solana 主要通过招聘技术领域的核心开发者以及举办黑客松等活动来培养开发者社区。这些活动包括了全球各地的投资人和创始人作为评审的短期快闪活动,称为「Hacker House Series」。

四、Solana 生态的参与机会

Solana 空投季来袭,近期 Solana 生态上的 Jito、Jupiter 和 Pyth 等多个协议发放了空投,其中 Jito 的代币 JTO 迅速上线了 BinanceCoinbase 等头部交易所,受到瞩目。Solana 上很多原生的头部项目是在去年刚刚启动的,还未发币,这也是最近 Solana 锁仓量暴涨的原因。

下面是我们挑选的一些 Solana 生态上值得交互的项目。

为何Solana能够涅槃重生,我们又该如何参与?

1.Kamino

介绍:Kamino 是自动复利的集中流动性借贷协议,由 Hubble Protocol 孵化,Kamino 的 TVL 已飙升达到 $ 75 M。

交互方法:

  • Multiply 存入 SOL 获得 mSOL

  • 提供 mSOL 和 SOL 流动性

  • 借款和贷款

2.Marginfi

介绍:Solana 的第三大协议 MarginFi 最近的 TVL 从 2500 万美元飙升至 2 亿美元,该协议已经正式启动了一项「忠诚度积分」计划,空投也大概率依据该积分分配。并且 Marinade 正在进行 MNDE 激励计划,直至今年年底。

交互方法:

  • 借款和贷款。借款 1 美元每天可获得 1 积分,贷款 1 美元每天可获得 4 积分。

  • 推荐其他用户使用 MarginFi,可获得被邀请人 10% 的积分。

3.Drift Protocol

介绍:Solana 的第一个衍生协议,链上跨保证金永续期货交易平台,完成了由 Multicoin Capital 领投的 380 万美元的种子轮融资。目前该协议由于涌入大量用户已暂停新用户注册。

交互方法:

  • 存入 SOL 到协议

  • 在交易所交易

  • 向 Drift 流动性提供商(DLP)提供流动性

  • 到保险基金质押

  • 借款和贷款

4.Zeta Markets

介绍:Zeta Markets 是一个抵押不足的 DeFi 衍生品交易平台,允许用户能够有效对冲加密市场波动和极端事件的风险。该协议推出了叫做 Z-Score 的积分系统,名牌根据积分分配代币,但分配比例未明确。

交互方法:

  • 在交易所交易。交易量越大,奖励积分越多。

  • 持续关注官方活动。持有某些 NFT 在特定时间可以获取额外积分奖励。

5.Magic Eden

介绍:Magic Eden 是一个跨链 NFT 市场,支持 BTC、Ethereum、Solana 和 Polygon 的 NFT 交易。Magic Eden 总计获得了 1.6 亿美元融资,估值 16 亿美元。

交互方法:

  • 在该平台交易和铸造 NFT

  • 体验上面的游戏

6.Tensor

介绍:Tensor 是 Solana 生态 NFT 市场平台,也是个具有官方积分系统的协议 ( 类似于 BLUR)。上轮牛市 SOL NFT 有很大影响力,近期有崛起之势。

交互方法:

  • 买卖前 100 名藏品中的 NFT(积分和买卖数量有关,与金额无关)

  • 完成忠诚度积分任务

  • 购买并质押 Tensorian NFT

7.Cega

介绍:Cega 是一个去中心化的另类衍生品协议,为散户投资者构建奇异期权结构性产品。总计获得 930 万美元融资,估值 6000 万美元。

交互方法:

  • 使用 Cega 的期权产品

8.Parcl

介绍:Parcl 是建立在 Solana 上的 RWA 杠杆交易平台,总计完成了 1160 万美元融资。

交互方法:

  • 存款到协议

  • 提供流动性

  • 杠杆交易 RWA

9.Phantom

介绍:Phantom 是 Solana 上最受欢迎的钱包,拥有超 300 万用户。

交互方法:

  • 下载并使用 Phantom 钱包

  • 使用 Phantom 交易代币

  • 完成 DRiP Phantom 任务

10.Squads

介绍:Squad 是一个基于 Solana 的多签管理工具,总计完成 1570 万美元融资。

交互方法:

  • 建立多签地址

  • 存入代币(可以参考多签钱包 Gnosis Safe 的空投标准,依据存入资金的量和时间发放空投)

11.Bonfida

介绍:Solana 上的域名服务平台。

交互方法:

  • 交易域名,名牌空投。

参考资料:

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