特朗普的银行来了:49%给了中东王室,38%属于总统家族

marsbitPublished on 2026-08-28Last updated on 2026-08-28

Abstract

美国货币监理署初步批准World Liberty Financial设立信托银行,用于发行其美元稳定币USD1。该银行控股公司的股权结构显示,阿联酋国家安全顾问塔赫农·本·扎耶德·阿勒纳哈扬及其共同投资者持股49%,特朗普家族关联实体持股38%。塔赫农此前已向World Liberty投资5亿美元,其中部分资金流向了特朗普家族。 该银行旨在直接发行和托管USD1的储备资产,从而独占其约40亿美元市值所产生的利息收入,此前这部分利息需与合作伙伴分享。这一布局得益于特朗普总统签署的《天才法案》,该法案允许稳定币发行人自行持有储备资产。 此外,商人周谷仁也向World Liberty投入了1亿美元,成为其代币大买家。目前,该银行仍需满足监管条件才能最终开业。若开业,这家由外国政府高官和美总统家族控股的机构将掌控稳定币的全部储备及利息。

本月早些时候,美国货币监理署(OCC)给了 World Liberty Financial 一张初步有条件批准,允许它设立一家联邦特许的国民信托银行,用来发行、赎回和保管 USD1,也就是它去年推出的美元稳定币。

《华尔街日报》周四披露了这家银行背后的股权表。

持股最大的一方,是阿布扎比王室成员塔赫农·本·扎耶德·阿勒纳哈扬(Sheikh Tahnoon bin Zayed al Nahyan)和他的共同投资者,通过一个叫 StringZ Holding RSC 的实体,持有这家银行控股公司 WLTC Holdings 的 49%。

特朗普家族的关联实体持有 38%。

塔赫农是谁?他是阿拉伯联合酋长国的国家安全顾问,也是该国总统的兄弟。他掌管着一个超过 1.3 万亿美元的资金帝国,钱既来自他的个人财富,也来自国家资金。在西方媒体的报道里,他有时被称为「间谍酋长」。

这不是他第一次出现在这条链上

2025 年 1 月,特朗普就职前四天,塔赫农和共同投资者通过一个叫 Aryam Investment 1 的实体,向 World Liberty Financial 投了 5 亿美元,换取该公司 49% 的股份。这笔交易当时没有披露,直到今年 1 月被《华尔街日报》曝光。

按总统本人最新的财务披露,那笔钱里有 2.63 亿美元流向了特朗普家族的实体。

民主党议员和法律专家当时的批评很直接:一名外国政府官员在候任美国总统的公司里占据重大所有权,这是史无前例的。

现在,同样的 49%,出现在了一家即将获得美国联邦银行牌照的机构上。银行控股公司的股东结构与 World Liberty 本身相同,只是塔赫农一方换了个实体来持股。

这家银行到底要做什么生意

它不是传统意义上的银行,信托牌照一般不允许吸收存款或者放贷。它能做的是:在全国范围内代客户持有资产、更快地完成支付结算。

具体到 World Liberty,这张牌照让它可以直接发行 USD1,并且自己托管背后支撑这枚稳定币的美元资产。这两件事目前是由合作方 BitGo 在做的,BitGo 是一家独立的信托银行,持有 USD1 的储备,并且留下了利息中的一部分。

这就是这笔生意的核心。

USD1 目前市值 40 亿美元。World Liberty 说,支撑它的美元投资于美国国债和其他现金等价物,估计每年产生 1.5 亿美元利息。

以前这笔利息要和 BitGo 分。有了自己的银行,就不用分了。

而且逻辑是自我加强的:流通中的 USD1 越多,储备越大,利息收入越多。所以 World Liberty 说,这家信托银行的任务是推动 USD1 的「主流采用」,同时向客户提供新服务,比如收费保管他们的加密货币。

OCC 批准之后,World Liberty 首席执行官 Zach Witkoff 说,公司的野心是「打造世界上最受信任、使用最广泛的数字美元」。他是美国中东特使 Steve Witkoff 的儿子。

这张牌照的法律入口,是总统自己签的

World Liberty 是在 2025 年 7 月之后才着手设立银行的,那个月,总统签署了《天才法案》(Genius Act)。

这部法律做了一件关键的事:允许获批的稳定币公司直接持有其代币所锚定的储备资产。

在此之前,World Liberty 必须找 BitGo 这样的第三方。在此之后,它可以自己来,只要拿到一张联邦牌照。它今年 1 月递交了申请,8 月 14 日拿到初步有条件批准。

《天才法案》还规定,美国发行的锚定美元的稳定币只能用特定资产背书,其中包括 93 天以内到期的美国国债。财政部长贝森特此前引用过一个预测:稳定币可能长成接近 4 万亿美元的市场,并且写过,「这可能降低政府的借贷成本」。

也就是说,稳定币这条赛道对这届政府有明确的财政意义,它给美国国债创造新的买家。而在这条赛道上跑得最靠前的公司之一,是总统家族的。

同一个监管机构,这个夏天的另外几个决定

OCC 近几个月批准了一系列面向加密公司的国民银行牌照,Ripple 和 Circle 都拿到了初步批准。现任署长 Jonathan Gould 是特朗普去年任命的。

但也有没拿到的。

8 月初,OCC 拒绝了荷兰金融科技公司 Bunq 的国民银行牌照申请,理由是存在重大监管和合规问题。8 月中旬,为摩根士丹利 E*Trade 提供加密基础设施的 Zerohash,其信托银行申请被退回,理由是存在重大缺陷;它随后以更窄的业务范围重新提交,公众评议期到 9 月 17 日。

对于 World Liberty 的申请,OCC 的信函写的是:「本次初步有条件批准,是基于对 OCC 可获得的所有信息的全面评估,包括申请中以及银行代表所作的陈述和承诺。」最终批准还要满足一系列「开业前要求」,并通过最终检查。

World Liberty 的发言人说,OCC 的职业公务员审查了申请「是否符合银行批准的法定、监管和政策要求与因素」。公司没有就其银行背后的股东结构置评。

一位 OCC 官员说,申请审查由职业公务员处理,该机构「咨询了多位经验丰富的职业政府道德官员」,以确保流程「符合所有政府道德标准和政策」。

还有一笔钱

塔赫农那 5 亿美元不是唯一进入这家公司的争议资金。

本月早些时候《纽约时报》报道,一个叫周谷仁(Guren "Bobby" Zhou)的商人,通过一家名为 Aqua 1 的新公司向 World Liberty 投入了总计 1 亿美元,成为该公司代币最大的买家之一。

两年前,他还是英国一个失败的硬木地板零售商,在当地因洗钱受到调查,并主持了一家小型加密创业公司的倒闭。

按 World Liberty 的政策,那笔钱里最多 7500 万美元分配给了由总统和他三个儿子控制的一家公司,同时也让 Witkoff 一家受益。

7 月 19 日世界杯决赛那天,周谷仁和 Zach Witkoff 一起坐在新泽西球场的豪华包厢里。

剩下要看的

这家银行还没有开业。它必须先满足 OCC 列出的条件,通过最终检查。

而已经确定的是:如果它开起来,一家由外国政府高级官员持股 49%、总统家族持股 38% 的机构,将持有一枚美元稳定币的全部储备金,把它投进美国国债,并收走全部利息。

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Related Questions

Q哪家银行控股公司即将获得美国联邦银行牌照,其股东结构如何?

A这家银行控股公司是WLTC Holdings,即将获得美国联邦特许的国民信托银行牌照。其股东结构中,阿布扎比王室成员塔赫农·本·扎耶德·阿勒纳哈扬及其共同投资者通过StringZ Holding RSC持有49%的股份,特朗普家族的关联实体持有38%的股份。

QWorld Liberty Financial计划如何使用新获得的信托银行牌照?

AWorld Liberty Financial计划利用新获得的联邦信托银行牌照,直接发行、赎回和保管其美元稳定币USD1,并持有支撑该稳定币的美元资产储备(如美国国债)。这样,公司可以独自获取储备资产产生的全部利息,无需与第三方合作方分享,并推动USD1的“主流采用”,同时提供加密货币保管等新服务。

Q《天才法案》对稳定币行业有何关键影响?

A《天才法案》由特朗普总统于2025年7月签署,其关键影响在于:允许获批的稳定币公司直接持有其代币所锚定的储备资产(如短期美国国债),而不再强制依赖第三方托管。这为World Liberty Financial等公司申请联邦银行牌照、自主管理储备资产提供了法律依据,同时也有助于扩大美国国债的买家基础,可能降低政府借贷成本。

Q除了阿布扎比王室,还有哪些争议资金流入了World Liberty Financial?

A除了阿布扎比王室塔赫农的5亿美元投资外,商人周谷仁(Guren 'Bobby' Zhou)通过其公司Aqua 1向World Liberty Financial投入了总计1亿美元,成为该公司代币USD1的最大买家之一。周谷仁此前在英国曾因洗钱受到调查,并经历商业失败。这笔资金中的最多7500万美元分配给了由特朗普总统及其三个儿子控制的公司。

Q美国货币监理署(OCC)近期在加密银行牌照审批上有何动态?

A美国货币监理署(OCC)近期批准了Ripple和Circle等加密公司的国民银行牌照初步申请,但同时拒绝了荷兰金融科技公司Bunq的申请(因重大监管和合规问题),并将Zerohash的信托银行申请退回(因存在重大缺陷)。对于World Liberty Financial的申请,OCC给予了初步有条件批准,强调审查基于所有可获得信息,最终批准还需满足一系列开业前要求并通过最终检查。OCC表示其职业公务员遵循了政府道德标准和政策进行审查。

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