FASB理事会提议将稳定币认定为现金等价物的条件

cryptonews.ruPublished on 2026-08-19Last updated on 2026-08-19

Abstract

美国财务会计准则委员会(FASB)提出新指引,明确了在何种条件下,公司可依据美国通用会计准则将特定稳定币归类为现金等价物。该指引未改变现有定义,但增加了示例说明,旨在消除数字资产(包括稳定币)在会计处理上的不一致性。 根据提议,符合条件的数字资产必须满足:持有者有权直接向发行人要求按预先确定的金额赎回,且发行人需以不低于1:1的比例,将储备金单独存放于短期高流动性资产中。指引通过示例指出,仅存在活跃的二级市场并不足够,若持有人无直接赎回权则不符合条件。同时,以加密货币或黄金等资产作为储备,会因估值风险而无法获得此类分类。 公司仍需根据适用法律和法规,自行决定是否将符合条件的资产列为现金等价物。FASB正在就该项更新征求公众意见,截止日期为11月19日,具体生效日期将在审议反馈后确定。

财务会计准则委员会(FASB)提议制定指引,规定公司何时可以根据美国通用会计准则将特定的稳定币归类为现金等价物。

周二,FASB宣布正在准备会计准则更新,该更新将为当前定义添加示例说明,并消除包括稳定币在内的数字资产在会计处理上的不一致性。定义本身不会改变。

该文件指出,相关数字资产必须提供合同规定的权利,允许持有人按需直接向发行人要求以预先确定的金额赎回,并且其储备必须以不低于一比一的比例单独存放于短期高流动性资产中。

其中一个示例指出,如果持有人没有直接向发行人赎回的权利,那么活跃的二级市场是不够的。另一个示例表明:由加密资产和黄金构成的储备将不允许代币获得此类分类,因为存在估值风险。

公司仍可根据适用的法律和监管要求,自行决定是否将符合条件的资产归类为现金等价物。

FASB将就拟议更新接受公众评论,截止日期为11月19日。该组织将在审查利益相关者的反馈后,确定修订生效的日期。

相关阅读:Tether宣布"四大"会计师事务所之一将首次对USDT储备进行全面审计

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Related Questions

QFASB建议的新指引主要旨在澄清什么内容?

A新指引旨在澄清在何种条件下,公司可以依据美国公认会计准则(GAAP)将某些稳定币分类为现金等价物。

Q根据提议,稳定币必须满足哪两个关键条件才能被分类为现金等价物?

A必须满足:1)持有者有权在需要时向发行方按预定金额直接要求赎回;2)发行方必须持有不低于1:1比例、独立存放于短期高流动性资产中的储备金。

Q仅存在活跃的二级市场是否足以让稳定币获得现金等价物分类?为什么?

A不足够。因为指引明确指出,如果持有人没有直接向发行方赎回的权利,仅存在活跃的二级市场是不够的。

Q如果稳定币的储备金包含加密货币或黄金,它可能被分类为现金等价物吗?为什么?

A不可以。指引中的例子指出,由加密货币和黄金等资产构成的储备金,由于存在估值风险,无法使该稳定币获得现金等价物的分类。

Q关于这项提议,FASB下一步将做什么?

AFASB将在11月19日前接受公众对提议更新的评论。在考虑所有利益相关方的反馈后,该机构将确定修订内容生效的日期。

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