Solana estuvo cerca de detener la finalización debido a una interrupción

cryptonews.ruPublished on 2026-08-12Last updated on 2026-08-12

Abstract

El 12 de agosto, un fallo de enrutamiento en el proveedor de infraestructura TeraSwitch dejó fuera de línea simultáneamente a validadores que representaban el 28,83% de las participaciones (staking) de $SOL. El incidente acercó peligrosamente a la red Solana al umbral del 33,34%, nivel en el que se detendría la finalización de transacciones. Afectó a unos 90 validadores y, según Marinade Finance, estos dejaron de percibir unas 333 $SOL en recompensas durante las aproximadamente 33 minutos que duró la interrupción, antes de que se restableciera el servicio. El evento puso de manifiesto un problema crítico de concentración de infraestructura, ya que TeraSwitch alojaba un porcentaje muy significativo de la participación. Marinade Finance anunció que revisará sus límites para la distribución de validadores entre distintos sistemas autónomos, centros de datos y proveedores. La práctica de diversificar la infraestructura ya es utilizada por algunos grandes operadores, como Coinbase, para mitigar este riesgo. Este incidente recuerda a la interrupción de 2022 por parte de Hetzner, que afectó a un gran número de validadores de Solana.

El 12 de agosto, debido a una interrupción de enrutamiento en el proveedor de infraestructura TeraSwitch, se desconectaron simultáneamente validadores que representaban el 28.83% de las $SOL en staking. La cifra se acercó al umbral del 33.34%, en el cual la red habría dejado de finalizar transacciones. Así lo informó el equipo del proyecto Marinade Finance.

1/ Solana estuvo al 86% de una paralización esta mañana y apenas se registró en ninguna parte.
28.83% de las $SOL en staking dejaron de validar. La finalización se detiene al 33.34%.
Sumamos las recompensas perdidas en los 90 validadores afectados. 333 $SOL. pic.twitter.com/EEC2gYwQgz

— Marinade 🛡️ (@MarinadeFinance) August 12, 2026

El incidente afectó a unos 90 validadores. El sistema autónomo TeraSwitch AS20326 manejaba 118.9 millones de $SOL, o el 27.34% del stake total de la red. Durante la interrupción, se desconectó simultáneamente el 94% de esa cantidad.

El nivel crítico finalmente no se alcanzó. Aproximadamente 33 minutos después, se restableció el enrutamiento y los validadores regresaron a la red. Durante el tiempo de inactividad, dejaron de recibir alrededor de 333 $SOL en recompensas.

La interrupción destacó un problema importante

En Marinade calificaron lo ocurrido como un ejemplo del riesgo de concentración de infraestructura. El proyecto revisará los límites en la distribución de validadores entre sistemas autónomos, centros de datos e infraestructura de respaldo.

El problema existía incluso antes del incidente. Para el 22 de julio, TeraSwitch atendía a validadores con aproximadamente el 27.1% de los tokens de Solana bloqueados. Le seguían UAB Cherry Servers (12.7%) y Latitude.sh (11%).

Fuente: Validators Solutions.

Algunos grandes operadores ya distribuyen su infraestructura entre varios proveedores. El exchange Coinbase informó en su reporte del primer trimestre que 13 de sus validadores operan a través de TeraSwitch, y otros 10 a través de Latitude.

Para cada uno, la compañía también utiliza un servidor de respaldo en una ubicación diferente. El equipo de la plataforma explicó que este esquema es necesario para limitar el impacto de una falla en un solo proveedor.

Recordemos que en noviembre de 2022, el proveedor de hosting alemán Hetzner desconectó servidores con nodos de Solana. En ese momento, su infraestructura alojaba alrededor del 40% de los validadores, con aproximadamente el 20% del total de monedas bloqueadas. La red continuó operando.

En enero de 2026, el número de validadores activos de Solana cayó a 800, el nivel más bajo desde 2021. En su punto máximo en 2023, había más de 2500.

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Related Questions

Q¿Qué sucedió con la red Solana el 12 de agosto y cuál fue la causa principal?

AEl 12 de agosto, la red Solana se acercó peligrosamente a una interrupción en la finalización de transacciones debido a una falla de enrutamiento en el proveedor de infraestructura TeraSwitch. Esta falla causó que los validadores que representaban el 28.83% del $SOL en staking se desconectaran simultáneamente.

Q¿Qué porcentaje del stake total de Solana estaba en riesgo y cuál es el umbral crítico para la finalización?

ALos validadores afectados por la falla en TeraSwitch representaban aproximadamente el 27.34% del stake total de la red Solana (118.9 millones de $SOL). El umbral crítico en el que la red deja de finalizar transacciones es del 33.34%, por lo que el incidente llegó al 86% de ese límite.

Q¿Cuánto tiempo duró el incidente y cuáles fueron sus consecuencias inmediatas para los validadores?

AEl incidente duró aproximadamente 33 minutos antes de que se restableciera el enrutamiento y los validadores volvieran a la red. Durante este tiempo de inactividad, los validadores afectados dejaron de ganar alrededor de 333 $SOL en recompensas.

Q¿Qué problema fundamental destacó este fallo según el equipo de Marinade Finance?

ASegún Marinade Finance, este incidente destacó el riesgo de concentración de infraestructura. Demostró la vulnerabilidad de tener una gran parte del stake de la red dependiente de un solo proveedor de infraestructura, lo que podría llevar a una parada de la red si falla.

Q¿Cómo han respondido algunos grandes operadores, como Coinbase, al riesgo de concentración de infraestructura?

AAlgunos grandes operadores como Coinbase ya distribuyen su infraestructura entre varios proveedores. Por ejemplo, en el primer trimestre, Coinbase reportó que 13 de sus validadores operaban a través de TeraSwitch y otros 10 a través de Latitude.sh, además de utilizar servidores de respaldo en diferentes ubicaciones para cada uno.

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