Pusat Data Terbesar di Dunia Batal

marsbitPublished on 2026-07-06Last updated on 2026-07-06

Abstract

Blackstone, raksasa investasi alternatif global dengan aset US$1,3 triliun, secara mengejutkan menghentikan proyek pembangunan pusat data "Digital Gateway" di Virginia melalui anak perusahaannya QTS. Proyek yang pernah digadang-gadang sebagai kampus pusat data terbesar di dunia itu akhirnya mangkrak. Proyek seluas 2100 hektare dengan investasi rencana US$100 miliar ini telah menghadapi penolakan warga setempat selama lima tahun karena lokasinya dekat situs bersejarah dan khawatir akan dampak lingkungan. Pukulan telak datang dari pengadilan negara bagian yang membatalkan izinnya pada Maret lalu karena cacat prosedural. Mitra pengembang, Compass Datacenters, memutuskan keluar, membuat Blackstone memilih untuk menghentikan proyek. Tindakan Blackstone ini dianggap sebagai sinyal penting. Sebagai pemain utama di industri pusat data, mereka baru-baru ini juga menjual aset matang sambil membatalkan proyek raksasa, mirip strategi "keluar di puncak" yang pernah mereka terapkan di pasar gedung perkantoran. Industri pusat data AI menghadapi tantangan nyata: pembatasan pasokan listrik (konsumsi listrik pusat data AS diproyeksikan meningkat tiga kali lipat pada 2035), penolakan akar rumput yang meluas (lebih dari 800 grup penentang di AS), dan pengaturan kebijakan lokal yang semakin ketat. Laporan menunjukkan bahwa pada kuartal pertama tahun ini, proyek pusat data senilai US$130 miliar di AS tertunda atau terhambat. Keterbatasan infrastruktur dan resistensi sosial mulai membatasi laju ...

Sementara pasar masih membahas transaksi Blackstone Group senilai $35 miliar yang menjual tiga pusat data di Virginia, raksasa aset alternatif global yang mengelola lebih dari $1,3 triliun aset ini kembali membuat langkah mengejutkan lainnya — operator pusat datanya, QTS, secara resmi menghentikan pembangunan proyek pusat data Digital Gateway setempat.

Proyek super yang pernah diklaim akan menjadi 'kampus pusat data terbesar di dunia' dengan total luas lebih besar dari dua Central Park New York ini, akhirnya benar-benar berhenti.

Hanya dalam hitungan hari, Blackstone menjual aset matang pada harga tinggi sambil membatalkan proyek cadangan raksasa. Pergerakan tiba-tiba ini secara gamblang memaparkan kenyataan sulit yang tersembunyi di balik demam infrastruktur komputasi AI.

01

Perjuangan Lima Tahun Berakhir Mundur, Kronologi Kegagalan Sebuah Proyek Super

Proyek yang dihentikan ini terletak di Prince William County, Virginia, dengan luas 2.100 acre. Rencana awal adalah investasi lebih dari $100 miliar untuk membangun 37 gedung pusat data dengan total luas 22 juta kaki persegi. Jika selesai, ini akan menjadi kampus pusat data terbesar di dunia yang tak terbantahkan.

Namun, sejak hari pertama pengumuman, proyek langsung terjerumus ke dalam kontroversi.

Lahan yang berdekatan dengan situs bersejarah medan perang Perang Saudara AS, awalnya merupakan lahan pengembangan terlindung yang dibatasi kebijakan. Rencana meratakannya dan mendirikan pusat data yang padat ditentang pertama kali oleh penduduk setempat.

Sumber gambar: Internet

Perlawanan ini berlangsung selama lima tahun penuh.

Para warga memberikan tekanan pada anggota dewan daerah, mengajukan gugatan hukum terkait proses perencanaan, dan langkah demi langkah menyeret proyek ke dalam kondisi stagnan.

Pukulan mematikan bagi persetujuan proyek adalah sebuah kelalaian prosedural yang tampak sepele.

Pada tahun 2023, pemerintah kabupaten terkait di Virginia mengadakan sidang zonasi selama 27 jam untuk mengubah penggunaan lahan pertanian dan semi-pedesaan menjadi pusat data, dengan ratusan pendukung dan penentang hadir.

Setelah sidang, pemerintah daerah menyetujui perubahan penggunaan tersebut dengan suara mayoritas tipis, namun interval waktu publikasi dua kali di koran tidak memenuhi batas minimum enam hari yang diwajibkan peraturan.

Para penentang mencengkeram celah ini erat-erat, dan akhirnya membawanya ke pengadilan negara bagian.

Pada Maret tahun ini, pengadilan negara bagian Virginia memutuskan persetujuan zonasi tidak valid, yang secara langsung mencabut status pengembangan legal proyek tersebut.

Dua bulan kemudian, pengembang utama lainnya — Compass Datacenters milik raksasa aset Kanada Brookfield, memutuskan untuk mengundurkan diri terlebih dahulu.

Presiden perusahaan tersebut kemudian mengakui, sengketa hukum yang berturut-turut dan hambatan regulasi yang bertumpuk telah benar-benar memblokir jalan yang layak untuk memajukan proyek.

Dengan kepergian mitra, semua biaya transformasi infrastruktur pendukung besar seperti jaringan air dan listrik yang sebelumnya ditanggung bersama oleh kedua pihak, kini sepenuhnya jatuh di pundak QTS.

Ditambah lagi, keputusan pengadilan kemungkinan besar akan menciptakan preseden hukum yang merugikan, dan masalah di masa depan hanya akan semakin banyak.

Setelah pertimbangan matang, Blackstone akhirnya menilai melanjutkan proyek tidak sebanding dengan risikonya, dan memilih untuk memotong kerugian dan mundur.

Penolakan ini bukan kasus tunggal.

Jajak pendapat Gallup baru-baru ini menunjukkan, tujuh dari sepuluh orang Amerika menentang pembangunan pusat data AI di sekitar rumah mereka, dengan hampir setengahnya sangat menentang.

Sumber gambar: Internet

Kekhawatiran warga sangat realistis. Pusat data mengonsumsi sumber daya air dan listrik yang sangat besar, menimbulkan polusi suara, udara, dan air, mendorong tingginya biaya hidup lokal, dan memperparah kemacetan lalu lintas.

Di hadapan kehidupan sehari-hari orang biasa, narasi AI sebesar apa pun terasa agak jauh.

02

Modal Mulai Mundur di Posisi Tinggi, Infrastruktur AI Menabrak Langit-Langit Realitas

Tindakan Blackstone menimbulkan gejolak besar di Wall Street dan kalangan teknologi, alasan utamanya adalah karena Blackstone sendiri merupakan pemain teladan dalam gelombang investasi pusat data ini.

Mengakuisisi QTS pada 2021, mengambil alih penyedia layanan komputasi Australia AirTrunk pada 2024, dan mendorong platform akuisisi pusat datanya, Blackstone Digital Infrastructure Trust, untuk menyelesaikan IPO pada Mei tahun ini. Di balik ekspansi ini, Blackstone juga menyebut dirinya sebagai penyedia layanan pusat data terbesar di dunia.

Namun, justru pemimpin industri seperti ini, kini di satu sisi melepas aset matang, di sisi lain membatalkan proyek cadangan. Jalur operasinya persis seperti 'pelarian di puncak' yang dilakukannya di pasar gedung perkantoran beberapa tahun lalu.

Beberapa tahun yang lalu, ketika kerja dari rumah marak dan sewa serta nilai gedung perkantoran terus merosot, Blackstone pernah melepas sejumlah gedung perkantoran ikonik dengan diskon besar, tepat menginjak titik balik siklus.

Kini pola pikir ini direplikasi ke jalur pusat data, juga dilihat oleh industri sebagai sinyal 'menguangkan di posisi tinggi'. Ketika modal yang paling paham siklus mulai mundur, seringkali berarti risiko jalur tersebut telah mulai melampaui keuntungan.

Operator pusat data QTS milik Grup Blackstone AS Sumber gambar: Internet

Sebenarnya, mengesampingkan demam komputasi AI yang sedang ramai dibicarakan, hambatan realitas industri pusat data sebenarnya sudah lama terlihat.

Sebuah laporan penelitian yang dirilis oleh perusahaan intelijen AI AS, Data Center Watch, menunjukkan, hanya pada kuartal pertama tahun ini, total nilai proyek pusat data yang tertunda di seluruh AS mencapai sekitar $130 miliar.

Laporan JPMorgan Chase menyatakan, berdasarkan laporan analisis citra satelit, lebih dari 60% proyek pusat data yang direncanakan selesai pada tahun 2027 belum memulai konstruksi, dan 7% lainnya sudah dalam keadaan tertunda. Penyebab utamanya melibatkan hambatan pasokan listrik dan penentangan masyarakat.

Satu fakta yang tak terhindarkan adalah, pusat data sedang mendorong konsumsi listrik AS menuju rekor tertinggi baru.

Data dari Institut Riset Tenaga Listrik AS (EPRI) menunjukkan, pusat data saat ini menyumbang 5% dari permintaan listrik AS, dan mungkin tumbuh 3 kali lipat pada tahun 2035; di Virginia, proporsi ini bahkan telah melebihi 25%.

EPRI dengan jelas menyebutkan bahwa jaringan listrik dan kebijakan terkait pada awalnya sama sekali tidak dirancang untuk kecepatan dan skala permintaan yang dibawa oleh infrastruktur AI. Pembangunan pusat data pertama-tama secara fisik telah menabrak langit-langit pasokan listrik.

Meskipun pada Maret tahun ini, raksasa seperti Microsoft, Google, Amazon, Oracle, Meta, dan OpenAI berkomitmen bersama-sama akan menanggung biaya peningkatan infrastruktur, membangun sendiri atau membeli daya tambahan yang dibutuhkan proyek, namun dana sebesar apa pun tidak dapat langsung menyelesaikan masalah keterlambatan pengiriman peralatan listrik dan penumpukan izin yang menumpuk.

Selain kendala listrik dari sisi pasokan, penentangan kuat dari masyarakat sedang menjadi faktor inti lain yang menghambat pembangunan pusat data.

Laporan Data Center Watch menunjukkan, kuartal pertama 2026 adalah periode dengan jumlah proyek pusat data yang diblokir dan tertunda terbanyak yang tercatat, dengan penentang di seluruh AS setidaknya menghambat atau menunda 75 proyek dalam tiga bulan.

Jumlah organisasi penentang akar rumput yang aktif menargetkan pusat data di seluruh AS melonjak dari 396 pada akhir 2025 menjadi 833 pada Maret, melintasi 49 negara bagian, dengan Maryland, Ohio, dan Texas menjadi wilayah dengan organisasi penentang terbanyak.

Dalam banyak kasus, bahkan sebelum proyek diajukan secara resmi, kekuatan penentang sudah dimobilisasi.

Pada Mei tahun ini, ratusan orang berkumpul di luar Gedung DPR Negara Bagian Utah, memprotes proyek raksasa Stratos seluas 40.000 acre yang direncanakan di Box Elder County.

Yang lebih krusial, arah kebijakan di tingkat daerah sedang mengencang.

Virginia telah meloloskan RUU anggaran yang menambah pajak konsumsi energi untuk pusat data, dan beberapa negara bagian juga merencanakan pelarangan sementara pembangunan pusat data baru.

Modal panas bertabrakan dengan penentangan masyarakat, pengencangan kebijakan, dan kekurangan infrastruktur. Apakah infrastruktur komputasi AI masih dapat mempertahankan ritme ekspansi yang sebelumnya melesat cepat? Jawabannya semakin samar.

Mundurnya Blackstone kali ini mungkin hanya sebuah awal. Setelah demam mereda, industri pada akhirnya harus kembali ke jalur yang menghormati biaya dan realitas.

Referensi:

"Pembangunan Pusat Data AS Terhambat, Proyek Senilai $130 Miliar Tertunda di Q1" 21st Century Business Herald

"Pembangunan Pusat Data Terbesar di Dunia Dihentikan" Caixin

Artikel ini berasal dari akun WeChat publik "凤凰网财经", penulis: Storm Eye

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Related Questions

QMengapa proyek pusat data Digital Gateway yang disebut-sebut sebagai 'kampus pusat data terbesar di dunia' dihentikan?

AProyek Digital Gateway dihentikan karena penolakan warga setempat selama lima tahun, kelemahan prosedur dalam proses persetujuan zona (interval pengumuman publik tidak memenuhi batas waktu minimum enam hari), keputusan pengadilan negara bagian yang menyatakan persetujuan pembagian zona tidak valid, dan penarikan mitra pengembang Compass Datacenters, yang menyebabkan biaya infrastruktur tambahan yang tidak layak secara ekonomi.

QApa hambatan utama yang dihadapi pembangunan pusat data AI di Amerika Serikat menurut artikel ini?

AHambatan utamanya adalah: 1. Kelangkaan pasokan listrik (grid listrik tidak dirancang untuk permintaan sebesar dan secepat ini). 2. Penolakan kuat dari masyarakat (kekhawatiran akan konsumsi air/listrik, polusi, biaya hidup, dan kemacetan). 3. Penguatan kebijakan dan regulasi di tingkat daerah (seperti pajak konsumsi energi dan larangan moratorium). 4. Penundaan proyek secara masif dan penumpukan izin.

QTindakan apa yang diambil Blackstone dalam industri pusat data, dan mengapa tindakan ini menarik perhatian?

ABlackstone menjual tiga pusat data matang di Virginia seharga $3,5 miliar dan secara resmi menghentikan proyek mega Digital Gateway melalui anak perusahaannya, QTS. Ini menarik perhatian karena Blackstone adalah pemain terkemuka di industri ini, dan tindakan 'menjual di puncak' serta 'membatalkan proyek cadangan' ini dianggap sebagai sinyal bahwa risiko di sektor ini mungkin mulai melebihi keuntungan, mirip dengan operasi mereka di pasar kantor sebelumnya.

QApa alasan utama penolakan masyarakat terhadap pembangunan pusat data di sekitarnya?

AMasyarakat menolak karena kekhawatiran yang sangat nyata: pusat data mengonsumsi sumber daya air dan listrik dalam jumlah besar, dapat menyebabkan polusi suara, udara, dan air, meningkatkan biaya hidup lokal, serta memperparah kemacetan lalu lintas. Bagi kehidupan sehari-hari warga, narasi AI yang agung terasa jauh dan tidak sebanding dengan dampak negatif yang mereka khawatirkan.

QMenurut laporan Data Center Watch, seperti apa situasi penundaan proyek pusat data di AS pada kuartal pertama tahun ini?

AMenurut laporan Data Center Watch, pada kuartal pertama tahun ini, total nilai proyek pusat data yang tertunda di AS mencapai sekitar $130 miliar. Ini adalah periode dengan proyek yang paling banyak terhambat dan tertunda sejak pencatatan dimulai. Penentang setidaknya menghalangi atau menunda 75 proyek dalam tiga bulan, dan jumlah organisasi akar rumput yang aktif menentang pusat data melonjak dari 396 di akhir 2025 menjadi 833 pada Maret, tersebar di 49 negara bagian.

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How Does SPERO,$$s$ Work? SPERO,$$s$ employs a multi-faceted framework that distinguishes it from conventional cryptocurrency projects. Here are some of the key features that underline its uniqueness and innovation: Decentralised Governance: SPERO,$$s$ integrates decentralised governance models, empowering users to participate actively in decision-making processes regarding the project’s future. This approach fosters a sense of ownership and accountability among community members. Token Utility: SPERO,$$s$ utilises its own cryptocurrency token, designed to serve various functions within the ecosystem. These tokens enable transactions, rewards, and the facilitation of services offered on the platform, enhancing overall engagement and utility. Layered Architecture: The technical architecture of SPERO,$$s$ supports modularity and scalability, allowing for seamless integration of additional features and applications as the project evolves. This adaptability is paramount for sustaining relevance in the ever-changing crypto landscape. Community Engagement: The project emphasises community-driven initiatives, employing mechanisms that incentivise collaboration and feedback. By nurturing a strong community, SPERO,$$s$ can better address user needs and adapt to market trends. Focus on Inclusion: By offering low transaction fees and user-friendly interfaces, SPERO,$$s$ aims to attract a diverse user base, including individuals who may not previously have engaged in the crypto space. This commitment to inclusion aligns with its overarching mission of empowerment through accessibility. Timeline of SPERO,$$s$ Understanding a project's history provides crucial insights into its development trajectory and milestones. Below is a suggested timeline mapping significant events in the evolution of SPERO,$$s$: Conceptualisation and Ideation Phase: The initial ideas forming the basis of SPERO,$$s$ were conceived, aligning closely with the principles of decentralisation and community focus within the blockchain industry. Launch of Project Whitepaper: Following the conceptual phase, a comprehensive whitepaper detailing the vision, goals, and technological infrastructure of SPERO,$$s$ was released to garner community interest and feedback. Community Building and Early Engagements: Active outreach efforts were made to build a community of early adopters and potential investors, facilitating discussions around the project’s goals and garnering support. Token Generation Event: SPERO,$$s$ conducted a token generation event (TGE) to distribute its native tokens to early supporters and establish initial liquidity within the ecosystem. Launch of Initial dApp: The first decentralised application (dApp) associated with SPERO,$$s$ went live, allowing users to engage with the platform's core functionalities. Ongoing Development and Partnerships: Continuous updates and enhancements to the project's offerings, including strategic partnerships with other players in the blockchain space, have shaped SPERO,$$s$ into a competitive and evolving player in the crypto market. Conclusion SPERO,$$s$ stands as a testament to the potential of web3 and cryptocurrency to revolutionise financial systems and empower individuals. With a commitment to decentralised governance, community engagement, and innovatively designed functionalities, it paves the way toward a more inclusive financial landscape. As with any investment in the rapidly evolving crypto space, potential investors and users are encouraged to research thoroughly and engage thoughtfully with the ongoing developments within SPERO,$$s$. The project showcases the innovative spirit of the crypto industry, inviting further exploration into its myriad possibilities. While the journey of SPERO,$$s$ is still unfolding, its foundational principles may indeed influence the future of how we interact with technology, finance, and each other in interconnected digital ecosystems.

93 Total ViewsPublished 2024.12.17Updated 2024.12.17

What is $S$

What is AGENT S

Agent S: The Future of Autonomous Interaction in Web3 Introduction In the ever-evolving landscape of Web3 and cryptocurrency, innovations are constantly redefining how individuals interact with digital platforms. One such pioneering project, Agent S, promises to revolutionise human-computer interaction through its open agentic framework. By paving the way for autonomous interactions, Agent S aims to simplify complex tasks, offering transformative applications in artificial intelligence (AI). This detailed exploration will delve into the project's intricacies, its unique features, and the implications for the cryptocurrency domain. What is Agent S? Agent S stands as a groundbreaking open agentic framework, specifically designed to tackle three fundamental challenges in the automation of computer tasks: Acquiring Domain-Specific Knowledge: The framework intelligently learns from various external knowledge sources and internal experiences. This dual approach empowers it to build a rich repository of domain-specific knowledge, enhancing its performance in task execution. Planning Over Long Task Horizons: Agent S employs experience-augmented hierarchical planning, a strategic approach that facilitates efficient breakdown and execution of intricate tasks. This feature significantly enhances its ability to manage multiple subtasks efficiently and effectively. Handling Dynamic, Non-Uniform Interfaces: The project introduces the Agent-Computer Interface (ACI), an innovative solution that enhances the interaction between agents and users. Utilizing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), Agent S can navigate and manipulate diverse graphical user interfaces seamlessly. Through these pioneering features, Agent S provides a robust framework that addresses the complexities involved in automating human interaction with machines, setting the stage for myriad applications in AI and beyond. Who is the Creator of Agent S? While the concept of Agent S is fundamentally innovative, specific information about its creator remains elusive. The creator is currently unknown, which highlights either the nascent stage of the project or the strategic choice to keep founding members under wraps. Regardless of anonymity, the focus remains on the framework's capabilities and potential. Who are the Investors of Agent S? As Agent S is relatively new in the cryptographic ecosystem, detailed information regarding its investors and financial backers is not explicitly documented. The lack of publicly available insights into the investment foundations or organisations supporting the project raises questions about its funding structure and development roadmap. Understanding the backing is crucial for gauging the project's sustainability and potential market impact. How Does Agent S Work? At the core of Agent S lies cutting-edge technology that enables it to function effectively in diverse settings. Its operational model is built around several key features: Human-like Computer Interaction: The framework offers advanced AI planning, striving to make interactions with computers more intuitive. By mimicking human behaviour in tasks execution, it promises to elevate user experiences. Narrative Memory: Employed to leverage high-level experiences, Agent S utilises narrative memory to keep track of task histories, thereby enhancing its decision-making processes. Episodic Memory: This feature provides users with step-by-step guidance, allowing the framework to offer contextual support as tasks unfold. Support for OpenACI: With the ability to run locally, Agent S allows users to maintain control over their interactions and workflows, aligning with the decentralised ethos of Web3. Easy Integration with External APIs: Its versatility and compatibility with various AI platforms ensure that Agent S can fit seamlessly into existing technological ecosystems, making it an appealing choice for developers and organisations. These functionalities collectively contribute to Agent S's unique position within the crypto space, as it automates complex, multi-step tasks with minimal human intervention. As the project evolves, its potential applications in Web3 could redefine how digital interactions unfold. Timeline of Agent S The development and milestones of Agent S can be encapsulated in a timeline that highlights its significant events: September 27, 2024: The concept of Agent S was launched in a comprehensive research paper titled “An Open Agentic Framework that Uses Computers Like a Human,” showcasing the groundwork for the project. October 10, 2024: The research paper was made publicly available on arXiv, offering an in-depth exploration of the framework and its performance evaluation based on the OSWorld benchmark. October 12, 2024: A video presentation was released, providing a visual insight into the capabilities and features of Agent S, further engaging potential users and investors. These markers in the timeline not only illustrate the progress of Agent S but also indicate its commitment to transparency and community engagement. Key Points About Agent S As the Agent S framework continues to evolve, several key attributes stand out, underscoring its innovative nature and potential: Innovative Framework: Designed to provide an intuitive use of computers akin to human interaction, Agent S brings a novel approach to task automation. Autonomous Interaction: The ability to interact autonomously with computers through GUI signifies a leap towards more intelligent and efficient computing solutions. Complex Task Automation: With its robust methodology, it can automate complex, multi-step tasks, making processes faster and less error-prone. Continuous Improvement: The learning mechanisms enable Agent S to improve from past experiences, continually enhancing its performance and efficacy. Versatility: Its adaptability across different operating environments like OSWorld and WindowsAgentArena ensures that it can serve a broad range of applications. As Agent S positions itself in the Web3 and crypto landscape, its potential to enhance interaction capabilities and automate processes signifies a significant advancement in AI technologies. Through its innovative framework, Agent S exemplifies the future of digital interactions, promising a more seamless and efficient experience for users across various industries. Conclusion Agent S represents a bold leap forward in the marriage of AI and Web3, with the capacity to redefine how we interact with technology. While still in its early stages, the possibilities for its application are vast and compelling. Through its comprehensive framework addressing critical challenges, Agent S aims to bring autonomous interactions to the forefront of the digital experience. As we move deeper into the realms of cryptocurrency and decentralisation, projects like Agent S will undoubtedly play a crucial role in shaping the future of technology and human-computer collaboration.

763 Total ViewsPublished 2025.01.14Updated 2025.01.14

What is AGENT S

Discussions

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