官媒密集吹风虚拟币,近期或将有政策出台

深潮Published on 2025-11-12Last updated on 2025-11-13

从周期上来说,四年一个周期不但是比特币涨跌的规律,也是监管政策出台的时机。

撰文:刘扬

近期,刘扬律师观察到一些不寻常的信号。

2025 年 11 月 7 日,公众号「冯仑风马牛」转发了「无冕财经」的文章赦免赵长鹏,谁是大赢家?|| 深度

2025 年 11 月 9 日,公众号「国家计算机病毒应急处理中心」发布文章 LuBian 矿池遭黑客攻击被窃取巨额比特币事件技术溯源分析报告

2025 年 11 月 10 日,公众号「也评」发布署名为「南门斥候」的文章数字时代的黑吃黑 --12.7 万枚比特币背后的国家级黑客疑云

2025 年 11 月 11 日,公众号「也评」发布署名为「南门斥候」的文章技术霸权下的数字收割:美国正在无差别掏空全球加密资产

这些公众号不是某社、某报那种传统意义上的官媒,但在某种程度上代表着官方的意志,你可以理解为「站在普通人的视角利用普通人的身份输出主流观点」,其所表达的内容同样具有很强的影响力,对于判断政策走向具有借鉴意义。

像类似这样的公众号还有一些,比如「有理儿有面」「侠客岛」「玉渊谭天」「牛弹琴」等等,有兴趣的朋友可以去搜一搜了解一下这些公众号的背景。

这些公众号都有如下特点:一是体制内的人大量转发。刘扬律师之前在体制内工作过十多年,经常被朋友圈的老同事「刷屏」,如果你是有心人肯定也会注意到这个现象。二是这些文章基本上篇篇 10 万 +。写公号的人都知道,能写个 10 万 + 难度还是不小的,重要的不是粉丝数,而是转发量。三是这些公号的文章输出的观点都是正向的、与主流价值观同步的。

回到本文的题目,近期官媒或半官媒如此密集吹风虚拟币,这种情况在以往是没有过的,通过文章内容来看,这些公号对于虚拟币的整体评价还是偏向负面的,我简单挑了一下这几篇文章的观点,大家看一下心里就有数了:

「表面上,美国将比特币视为『数字黄金』储备,以对冲美元贬值与美债利息飙升的风险。但多位观察人士认为,更深层的逻辑在于,通过 USDT、USDC 等「链上美元」稳定币,将全球投资者的资金转化为美元储备,再自动回流购买美债。这相当于为庞大的美元债务,开辟了一条全新的输血通道。」

「至此,这场从囚徒到特赦的反转越精彩,也越让人看清:在资本与权力的游戏里,从来没有绝对正义,只有周期性的收编,与心照不宣的共赢。」

「特朗普政府的加密货币收割行动,绝非简单的」执法打击「 或 」财政创收「,而是债务危机压力下,以技术优势为武器实施的 」数字殖民「 战略,其本质是将加密货币从去中心化的技术创新,异化为服务美国霸权的金融工具与监控手段,对全球数字经济秩序构成系统性威胁。」

「今天他们可以通过黑客攻击的方式」黑吃黑「,没收陈志及其太子集团的巨额比特币,明天就可以用同样的手段对付任何被视为」威胁「的个人或组织。当执法者变成黑客,当监管者成为盗贼,我们赖以信任的整个数字生态系统的基石正在被动摇。」

无独有偶。近日,中国人民银行行长潘功胜「2025 金融街论坛」年会上表示:稳定币作为一种金融活动,现阶段无法有效满足客户身份识别、反洗钱等方面的基本要求,放大了全球金融监管的漏洞,如洗钱、违规跨境转移资金、恐怖融资等,市场炒作投机的氛围浓厚,增加了全球金融系统的脆弱性,并对一些欠发达经济体的货币主权产生冲击。

请注意,潘功胜行长关于稳定币的表述,全部是负面的。

我们在评价一个事物的时候,经常会谈到「两面性」的问题,比如这个事物有什么优点,有什么缺点,有哪些好处,有哪些坏处,但是关于稳定币,潘功胜行长没有给出任何正面评价。

同时他还强调:

自 2017 年起,中国人民银行会同相关部门先后发布多项防范和处置境内虚拟货币交易炒作风险的政策文件,至今仍然有效。

下步,中国人民银行将会同执法部门继续打击境内虚拟货币的经营和炒作,维护经济金融秩序,同时密切跟踪、动态评估境外稳定币的发展。

很多媒体评价,央行对于稳定币持审慎的态度,我觉得这种评价有点「一厢情愿」,过于乐观。

凡此种种,刘扬律师敏锐感觉到,近期国家或出台有关于虚拟数字货币的相关政策或者法律文件。

从周期上来说,四年一个周期不但是比特币涨跌的规律,也是监管政策出台的时机。从 2013 年 12 月的《关于防范比特币风险的通知》,到 2017 年 9 月的《关于防范代币发行融资风险的公告》,再到 2021 年 9 月的《关于进一步防范和处置虚拟货币交易炒作风险的通知》,比特币的减半周期是四年一次,我们重要的监管政策出台也是四年一次,不可谓不巧。

从虚拟币在主流法律界的声音来看,日渐响亮。刘扬律师从 2019 年开始就做虚拟货币的案件代理,那个时候主流法律界对此讨论甚少;2020 年 plus token 案件披露,以及 2021 年那波大牛市,一线司法机关遇到的虚拟币案件越来越多,大家都是摸索着干,各地政策不一。但从去年开始,最高人民法院密集调研虚拟数字货币,今年最高检也下场了。两高下场,调研了这么长时间,肯定要拿出真章的。

从一线司法需求来看,解决虚拟币的法律问题迫在眉睫。在刑事案件当中,关于虚拟币究竟是数据还是财产的争议始终存在,各地执法尺度不统一,同案不同判,同行不同命。从民事案件来看,法院根本就不管你是数据还是财产,要么不予立案,要么驳回起诉。从刑民交叉的角度综合来看,一方面刑事案件大量涉案资产处置罚没,另一方面用户被偷被抢被骗公安机关不受理不立案,而民事领域认为涉币行为违背公序良俗导致合同无效进而救济手段失灵,难免让人有一种割裂的感觉。

综上所述,刘扬律师认为,下一步监管政策和法律文件大概有如下方向:一是关于虚拟币的监管政策,就像潘功胜行长说的,从 2017 年以来的文件仍旧有效,因此即便出台新政策,总的基调也不会发生变化,此番重点或将集中在稳定币。二是如果专门给虚拟币出个司法解释,貌似之前没有这样的体例,鉴于有关虚拟币民事案件的会议纪要在先,刑事案件的法律文件或将以会议纪要的形式出台,难点在于虚拟数字货币价值的认定。三是关于虚拟币处置的法律文件一定会出台,两高已经调研这么久了,没有理由不出。

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