泼盆冷水,大多数比特币财库公司将迎来末日

marsbitPublished on 2025-11-05Last updated on 2025-11-06

Strategy通过持有比特币打造了价值700亿美元的资产储备。

如今,每个代币项目都想成为一家资产储备公司。

问题是:四分之一的比特币资产储备公司,其市值已经低于它们所持有的资产价值。

以下是为什么大多数公司会失败的原因。

 可转换债券

资产储备公司已经成为加密领域增长最快的类别之一。

仅用了一年时间,它们的资产总值从400亿美元跃升至1420亿美元,几乎与整个DeFi的锁仓总值(TVL)持平。

其中近90%的资产是比特币和以太坊。

但这种“增长”大部分来源于比特币和以太坊价格的上涨,而非业务现金流或财务工程。

 可转换债券

即使是这种增长也并非均匀分布。

Strategy单独持有了所有公开储备比特币的近63%。剩下的大部分则由排名前六的公司掌握。

而在这些巨头之外,大多数数字资产储备公司(DATs)都处于流动性稀薄和溢价脆弱的状态,它们的估值随着市场波动,而非自身表现而起伏。

 可转换债券

原因是什么?

当市场表现强劲时,资产储备公司的股票会以高于资产价值的溢价交易。这种溢价存在的原因是,它们为投资者提供了合规的比特币或以太坊投资渠道。而以这种溢价发行新股不仅能增加资金,还能提升账面价值。

每次融资都会增加更多加密资产,推动资产总量和股价双双上涨。形成了一个反射性循环:价格上涨促成了增值融资,融资资金用于购买更多资产,估值随之攀升,直到溢价消失。

到2025年中,这个循环被打破:比特币资产储备公司的溢价从1.9倍降至1.3倍,而以太坊和SOL(Solana)的资产储备溢价在两个月内从4.8倍骤降至约1.3倍。

 可转换债券

那么,Strategy是如何生存下来的?

因为它不仅仅构建了一个资产储备,还打造了一个金融工具。

当大多数资产储备公司不断通过发行股票来购买更多加密资产时,Strategy通过可转换债券和高级票据筹集了40亿美元,这些长期贷款利率约为0.8%。

其股票变成了一个高贝塔版的比特币。当比特币价格波动1%时,它的股价会在同方向上稍微放大波动。通过使用债务购买比特币,Strategy放大了每次价格波动,为投资者提供了一种杠杆化且合规的方式来押注比特币,而无需直接持有它。

这种可交易的波动性吸引了新的投资者:基金、ETF,甚至围绕它构建的债务市场。

交易者利用了Strategy的波动性来获取收益。尽管他们的资本在票据到期前是锁定的,但他们通过股票价格的波动赚取了收益。

由于Strategy股票的流动性更高,且波动性比比特币更强,交易者无需等到票据到期就能获利。

 可转换债券

大多数新的资产储备公司模仿了Strategy的模式,但仅仅复制了其中简单的部分。

他们模仿了资产负债表,却没有复制资本结构。

Strategy拥有可转换债券、高级票据和流动性,这些要素帮助它将波动性转化为融资能力。

而其他公司并没有这样的资源,它们无法筹集资本,只能通过质押、借贷或购买代币化的国债来追逐收益。

用收益替代真实融资在价格上涨时看起来效果不错。收益率保持高位,流动性看似强劲,这让人觉得模式是有效的。

但这掩盖了与股权类似的反射性风险。

大多数数字资产储备公司(DATs)将资产锁定在质押或借贷中以赚取收益,同时允许投资者自由进出。

当市场周期逆转时,赎回需求上升,收益率下降,它们被迫以亏损价格出售那些已锁定的资产。

这正是当前正在发生的情况。

随着市场信心减弱,曾经以资产价值3-4倍溢价交易的股票溢价已经崩塌至与资产价值持平。

即使是那些基于以太坊(ETH)或Solana(SOL)的“收益驱动型”资产储备公司也难逃影响,因为它们的偿付能力仍然与代币价格息息相关。

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363 Total ViewsPublished 2025.05.13Updated 2025.05.13

What is $BITCOIN

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