Риски DeFi растут из-за отрицательной доходности sUSDe и продаж ETH фондами

cryptonews.ruPublished on 2025-01-28Last updated on 2025-10-29

Исследователи отметили: DeFi-рынок столкнулся с новыми рисками на фоне роста процентных ставок и ослабления доходности в стейблкоин-парах. Согласно данным Crypto Risk Review от 28 октября, стратегии с использованием токена sUSDe перешли в зону отрицательной доходности. После ее падения и снижения ставок по займам, юзеры, применяющие USDT и USDC для покупки sUSDe, теперь получают убыток вместо прибыли. На Aave v3 Core разница между доходом по sUSDe и ставками заимствования составляет от 1,5% до 2%, что делает стратегии carry-trade убыточными.

Объем таких позиций оценивается примерно в $1 млрд, и при сохранении отрицательного спреда возможен массовый выход. Это приведет к продаже залоговых активов, снижению ликвидности и росту волатильности ставок в самих кредитных пулах. Наибольшая концентрация рисков наблюдается в USDT-рынках Aave, где увеличение использования выше 95% может резко увеличить стоимость заимствования. Аналитики предупреждают, что подобная ситуация может вызвать цепную реакцию ликвидаций и де-левереджа.

На платформе Spark также отмечен рост рисков. Массовое использование wstETH и weETH в качестве залога снизило ликвидность USDT на 45%. Уровень приблизился к 90%, что привело к росту ставок на 50 базисных пунктов. При достижении порогового значения в 95% процентные расходы могут резко увеличиться, усиливая давление на заемщиков.

Дополнительным фактором риска стали продажи ETH со стороны цифровых инвестиционных фондов (DATs). Согласно данным DefiLlama, фонд ETHZilla объявил о об обратном выкупе акций на $40 млн, финансируемом за счет продаж ETH. Хотя доля фонда в общем объеме предложения эфира невелика — около 0,085%, аналитики считают это тревожным сигналом. Если подобный тренд продолжится, давление на спотовый рынок может усилиться.

Проблему усугубляет высокая зависимость между залогами и займами в Aave. По данным Sentora, почти 90% залогов weETH используется для кредитования в WETH. Это усиливает риски коррелированных ликвидаций, поскольку рост ставок или увеличение очередей на разблокировку эфира из стейкинга может привести к массовым сбросам позиций.

На фоне этих событий на платформе Euler наблюдалось снижение ликвидности после вывода $4 млн крупным участником. Доступные активы сократились до менее чем $3 млн, что может спровоцировать рост ставок при дальнейших оттоках.

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