当老兵抛售、矿工离场:比特币供需进入冲突期

比推Published on 2025-10-24Last updated on 2025-10-24

原文来源:BitMEX Research

原文标题:老兵套现,矿工“叛逃”,比特币的供需困局


今年,比特币(Bitcoin)的表现几乎跑输了所有主要资产类别。时至2025年第四季度,其表现已明显落后于黄金、纳斯达克指数、标普500指数、恒生指数和日经225指数。那些期望特朗普总统的支持能带来利好行情、而在2025年其就职典礼前后买入比特币的投资者,至今仅获得了略高于5%的微薄回报。

本文将深入探讨比特币近期的疲软表现,重点关注其关键的供需动态。我们将通过分析比特币长期持有者的行为、挖矿活动的变化以及ETF的资金流向,来解构比特币不断演变的价格走势。

比特币的“失意之年”

上图显示,自2025年特朗普就职以来,比特币的表现远逊于美国股市。纳斯达克和标普500指数的涨幅领先比特币超过100%,而比特币的走势相对平坦。

如果你在就职日(2025年1月20日)买入比特币,你的投资回报率仅为5.78%。相比之下,同期纳斯达克和标普500等主要股指的表现均远超比特币。即便是传统避险资产黄金,其表现也远超比特币。

卖压在哪?长期持有者与矿工

10万美元:老玩家的心理止盈位

比特币价格一直在10万美元的心理关口附近徘徊。随着价格在该水平停滞不前,长期持有者似乎正在进行风险规避(de-risking)。

每当BTC > 10万美元时,“老玩家”的抛售就会增加

上图(以紫色和蓝色显示)显示,长期持有者的“已花费交易量”(Spent Volume)有所上升,这表明更多的比特币“老炮”在持有多年后选择出售。图表揭示了在BTC价格高于10万美元时,老币的交易活动明显增加,这强化了一个观点:比特币的早期持有者正在当前价格水平抛售头寸。

我们推测,随着今年其他资产类别(尤其是AI领域)的飙升,许多关注科技领域的“老玩家”似乎正从比特币轮动到其他领域,以实现多元化并抓住新机遇。这种转变造成了持续的上行抛压,限制了今年的每一次反弹。

追踪比特币巨鲸

这种卖压可能导致市场环境令人沮丧,使比特币今年陷入震荡行情,而非出现有意义的突破。要触发潜在的上涨行情,比特币可能需要首先跌破10万美元的支撑位,以有效地清洗掉这些卖家。

推动这种行为的最重要钱包之一可以在 Arkham Intelligence 上追踪到。仅在10月份,该钱包就向不同交易所存入了价值超过6亿美元的比特币,这是监控市场压力是否缓解的关键指标。您可以在此处探索该钱包。

比特币矿工:从“网络卫士”转向“AI数据中心”

随着比特币矿工将其部分业务从比特币挖矿迁移到由AI驱动的高性能数据中心(HPC),比特币的安全性可能面临新的风险。矿工向AI的转型可能会削弱比特币的去中心化网络,长期来看会导致哈希率(hash rate)下降。

  • Core Scientific ($CORZ): 与 CoreWeave 签署了为期12年的HPC托管协议,转换现有的100兆瓦(MW)基础设施,并为月底更广泛的合并投票铺平了道路。

  • Iris Energy ($IREN): 已将其AI云扩展至超过23,000个NVIDIA GPU,并获得了NVIDIA的“首选合作伙伴”地位。

  • TeraWulf ($WULF): 获得了为期10年、超过200兆瓦(MW)的AI托管合同,价值高达87亿美元。

  • Bitdeer ($BTDR): 作为最激进的参与者之一,计划将其挪威Tydal矿场(175 MW)和俄亥俄州Clarington设施(570 MW容量)的一部分,在2026年底前改建为AI数据中心,目标是实现超过200兆瓦的AI IT负载。

  • CleanSpark ($CLSK) / Riot Platforms ($RIOT): 即使是像 CleanSpark 和 Riot Platforms 这样的传统纯挖矿公司,也正在招聘“首席数据中心官”,并围绕“两用计算”(dual-use computers)来设计新的园区。

比特币网络削弱的影响:未显现的风险

来源:BitInfoCharts

矿工不再维护比特币网络安全,导致的哈希率下降,可能使网络安全性降低。一个安全性较差的比特币网络对机构投资者的吸引力就会下降,这可能导致需求减少,并最终压低价格。

曾经为比特币基础设施提供关键支持的矿工,现在正将注意力转向AI和云服务中更有利可图的业务。这种迁移引发了人们对比特币作为价值储存手段和去中心化资产的未来前景的担忧。

需求面动态:ETF资金流入与政府扣押

ETF:最大的需求驱动因素

此图表显示了比特币ETF流入与价格变动之间的相关性。当ETF流入强劲时,比特币价格上涨;但自7月中旬以来,资金流入的缺乏导致了比特币价格的停滞,这突显了ETF在推动需求方面的重要作用。

2025年比特币ETF流入与比特币价格高度正相关。它表明,今年早些时候,比特币ETF的流入显著推动了价格上涨——然而,从7月10日开始,资金流入陷入停滞,比特币的价格也随之停滞不前。

ETF资金流入增长有限 虽然通过比特币ETF流入的机构资本被视为比特币作为一种资产类别成熟的有力指标,但持续流入的缺乏表明,机构的兴趣可能已经见顶。

美国政府的扣押及其对比特币可行性的冲击

来源:https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/chairman-prince-group-indicted-operating-cambodian-forced-labor-scam-compounds-engaged

比特币的核心叙事之一是“对抗政府控制”。然而,近期的事件正挑战这一前提。美国政府近期通过执法行动扣押了价值数十亿美元的比特币,虽然比特币本身的安全性没有任何问题,但这次行动引发了市场对比特币做为抗审查资产的担忧。当一个资产可能被政府扣押时,其作为“对冲政府”的价值便会打折。这种政府审查能力的加强,可能也是导致一些“老玩家”失去信心并选择抛售的原因之一。

避险转向:隐私币的悄然崛起

随着比特币区块链的透明度(易于监控)和政府干预的增加,一些寻求真正匿名的投资者开始转向隐私币(如Zcash)。

ZEC/BTC的汇率图表显示,在比特币可行性受到质疑时,Zcash (ZEC) 等隐私币种可能从中受益。

结论:比特币正处十字路口

综上所述,2025年比特币表现疲软,是供需两端共同作用的结果:

  1. 供给端(卖压): 长期持有者在10万美元关口获利了结,而矿工则被AI的更高利润吸引而转型,带来了潜在的网络安全风险。

  2. 需求端(买盘): ETF资金流入自7月中旬以来陷入停滞,同时政府的监管和扣押行动动摇了部分投资者对其去中心化价值的信心。

未来展望: 关键问题在于,比特币是能重拾升势,还是会在持续的供给压力下陷入长期横盘?投资者应密切关注以下两个关键信号,以判断市场风向的转变:

  1. 巨鲸停止向交易所存入比特币。

  2. 比特币ETF的资产净值(NAV)和资金流入重现增长。



  3. Twitter:https://twitter.com/BitpushNewsCN

  4. 比推 TG 交流群:https://t.me/BitPushCommunity

  5. 比推 TG 订阅: https://t.me/bitpush


说明: 比推所有文章只代表作者观点,不构成投资建议

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