颠覆以太坊!Anoma 要打造真正的「分散式操作系统」,用户再也不用为跨链烦恼

marsbitPublished on 2025-09-27Last updated on 2025-09-28

本次动区专访对象是一位硬核 Web3 基础设施构建者,Anoma 的共同创始人 Adrian。他的背景从学术研究(抗审查投票)开始,接着深入 Cosmos 核心开发,再到创立自己的验证者公司。

而 Anoma 创立的初衷来自于他对当前 Web3 行业的「内卷」感到厌倦及无聊,例如:区块链现在充斥着许多 L1/L2 链本质上只是在复制以太坊的 EVM 没有任何的应用性及用户存在,而他想打破这样的内卷情况,因此创立了 Anoma。Anoma 的愿景,不是再造一条更快的链,而是要打造一个「Web3 的分散式作业系统」,一个能够统一和抽象所有底层链复杂性的、以「意图 (Intent)」为核心的全新架构。

Anoma 共同创办人 Adrian 的背景

动区:Adrian 你好!可以先和我们聊聊你的背景,以及是什么让你想你创立 Anoma 这个以「意图」为中心的 L1 区块链?

Adrian: 我在 2015、16 年进入 Crypto,当时是为了我的硕士论文,主题是关于在以太坊上实现抗审查的电子投票。我进入这个领域,不是从金融角度,而是从主权基础设施 (sovereign infrastructure) 的角度。而我相当担心第三次世界大战的发生,而区块链,提供了一种重建金融系统、使其极具韧性和主权的可能。

2017 年我作为第三位核心开发者加入了 Cosmos。到了 2020 年,我发现一个很明显的问题:所有的新链,都只是在做同样的事情——「我们要做一个稍微不一样的 EVM」。它们没有解决交易对手发现的问题,没有解决用户数据主权的问题,没有从根本上带来任何新东西。Anoma 的诞生,就是源于一种渴望,想要再次去做一些真正有趣和有意义的事情。

Anoma 以意图为主区块链的诞生

动区:你认为当前 Web3 最大的问题是「碎片化」。Anoma 提出的,从「虚拟机 (VM)」到「意图机 (IM)」的转变,是如何解决这个问题的?

Adrian: Anoma 是第一个为 Web3 设计的分散式作业系统。它让开发者可以专注于写他们热爱的应用,而不是被迫选择在哪条链上安家。

这种转变的核心在于,我们意识到用户根本没有「交易」,他们只有「意图」。现有系统都围绕着比特币的模型设计,但在一个纯数位的世界里,我不是在实体店里买牛奶,我的需求是「我想和全世界任何人,用 ETH 换 BTC」。Anoma 的意图机,就是为了正确地捕捉这种高层次的抽象需求。

它解决碎片化的方式是,让应用程序可以自己定义它们的状态存放在哪里。比如,交易状态可以放在 Solana,而长期资产存储在以太坊。用户不再需要手动进行繁琐的跨链操作,他们只需表达一个高层次的意图,系统就会为他们执行最佳路径。

动区:Anoma 的混合共识机制听起来很特别,号称可以「比比特币更去中心化,比 Solana 更快」。这背后的原理是什么?它为开发者带来了什么好处?

Adrian: 是的,如果你在本地运行 Anoma,你总是可以比 Solana 更快,因为本地共识的速度就是光速。而如果你需要极高的去中心化和安全性,你可以选择在全球范围内运行共识,那自然会变慢,就像比特币一样。

最棒的是,作为开发者,你不需要为你的用户做出这个权衡。你可以开发一个交易应用,然后由用户自己决定:小额支付,他们可能选择快速的本地共识;而大额的房地产交易,他们则会选择更安全的全国性共识。这与以太坊那种锁定、强制所有人都用同一套共识的设计完全不同,给了开发者和用户极大的灵活性。

Anoma 主网上线、发币规划

动区:Anoma 主网即将上线,并会首先支持以太坊。这对开发者来说意味着哪些直接的机会?

Adrian: 如果你是一个想构建新颖、酷炫应用的开发者,现在就是机会。说实话,自 2017 年以来,这个领域在基础设施层面就没有任何根本性的创新了。你在以太坊上开发应用,能做的事情和 2017 年没什么两样。Anoma 为开发者提供了大量全新的工具,去构建真正能被普通人使用的、好用的应用。我们的目标是,首先征服 Web3,然后利用 Web2 的力量,最终升级全世界的协调系统。

动区:社群很关心你们的代币经济学,特别是为社群预留了高达 25% 的份额,以及有趣的「虾子 NFT」。可以和我们聊聊这背后的设计思路吗?

Adrian: Anoma 首先是一个开源社群,是一个关心人类协调基础设施长远发展的社群。代币的设计就是为了反映这一点,让社群可以参与到系统的治理、风险和收益中。至于为什么是虾子 NFT?我得承认是团队想出来的,他们拿给我看,我觉得它们看起来很有趣,很可爱,是一个社群可以玩的文化符号。就这么简单!

延伸阅读:Anoma 公布 $XAN 代币经济学:总供应 100 亿枚、25%空投社群、锁定期多久?

动区:作为一个在 Web3 解决复杂问题的建设者,在编码之外,你有什么兴趣或习惯来获取灵感或放松吗?

Adrian: 我有两件事来放松。一是玩电子游戏,主要是《英雄联盟》。另一件,我发现比任何冥想都有效的,是全接触格斗运动,比如泰拳、巴西柔术和柔道。说真的,每周被揍一两次,比什么都管用。因为在格斗时,你必须百分之百专注,否则你就会被打到脸。如果你需要放松,去打泰拳吧,我强烈推荐。

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