加密财库魔法失灵,盘点押注BTC但未奏效的6家上市公司

Odaily星球日报Published on 2025-09-01Last updated on 2025-09-01

本文来自:Cointelegraph

编译|Odaily 星球日报(@OdailyChina);

译者|Moni

自Strategy率先推出比特币财库战略以来,其比特币持仓量已达到632,457枚,公司股价也相较2020年8月启动该战略时上涨了2200%。如今,越来越多公司效仿Strategy利用可转债等融资工具来构建比特币财库。BitcoinTreasuries数据显示,截至 2025 年 8 月 29 日已有174家上市公司持有比特币,持有超过1枚BTC的上市公司数量达161家,持仓总量触及989,926枚,约占比特币总供应量的 4.7%。

然而这场看似创新的资本热潮似乎正在逐步降温,一些采用比特币财库战略的公司股价并未如预期那样大幅上涨,下面就让我们来盘点押注BTC暂未奏效的6家上市公司——

GameStop:持有 4,710枚BTC

GameStop 的命运长期以来与比特币和加密货币交织在一起。2021 年,Reddit上的r/WallStreetBets 子版块散户交易者引发了GameStop 股票轧空,将Meme金融推向了主流。2025年3月26日,GameStop宣布计划投资比特币,随后其股价上涨了12% ,紧接着在5月28日披露已买入4710枚比特币后,股价更是一度飙升至每股35美元的峰值。

然而好景不长,投资者在这两起利好事件发生后都迅速宣布抛售股票,导致GameStop股价今年迄今已下跌逾27%

Empery Digital:持有 4,019 枚BTC

并非所有购买比特币的企业都有 GameStop 的背景故事,许多企业与加密货币或区块链无关,比如MicroStrategy 在率先推出比特币国债之前是一家商业智能软件公司,日本 Metaplanet 最初是一家经济型酒店运营商。

电动汽车制造商 Volcon于 7 月 17 日宣布了一项 5 亿美元的比特币资金战略,两周后更名为 Empery Digital,并在纳斯达克替换股票代码为 EMPD。

在此次调整之前,Empery Digital的股价大多在 6 美元至 7 美元之间,远低于 1 月份 35 美元的高点。7 月 17 日宣布比特币财库战略后一度将股价推高至 21 美元,但涨势并未持续,本周再次回落到7美元的正常区间。

Sequans Communications:持有 3,170 枚BTC

Sequans Communications 是一家法国半导体公司,于 2011 年在纽约证券交易所上市,股票代码为 SQNS。2025年7月初,Sequans Communications公司股价在经历了一年的稳步下跌后徘徊在1.45美元,7月10日该公司宣布首次购买比特币引发股价上涨,随后几天股价一度飙升至5.39美元,但这股上涨势头很快消退,8月初已回落至1.25美元

Sequans近期宣布将配股募资 2 亿美元以支持其 2030 年积累 10 万枚 BTC 的计划,然而这一利好消息并未阻止 SQNS股价下跌,目前已下挫至0.9 美元区间

Vanadi Coffee:持有100 枚BTC

与许多转向比特币的公司一样,西班牙咖啡连锁店 Vanadi Coffee 也是因财务困境而采取这一策略。2024 年,该公司报告年度亏损 333 万欧元(390 万美元),高于前一年的 287 万欧元。

6月29日该公司宣布启动比特币储备计划,第二天其股价就飙升至 1.09 欧元,当月收盘价上涨逾 300%。然而截至2025年8月29日(星期五)交易时段中,Vanadi Coffee股价已回落至35欧分,虽然今年迄今其股价仍上涨95.6%,但较2024年同期下跌44%

明成集团:持有833枚BTC

明成集团是一家总部位于香港的建筑工程公司,于2024年11月在纳斯达克上市,发行价为5.59美元,目前已启动比特币财库储备并于2025年1月13日首次购入500枚比特币,总计已持有833枚比特币。

明成集团的比特币策略最初推动股价飙升至8.50美元的历史高点,但此后很快跌至1.85美元。

8月21日,该公司宣布以4.83亿美元的价格通过发行股票额外认购4,250枚比特币,如果交易完成,明盛将成为香港最大的企业比特币持有者,超过博雅互动,后者持有3,640枚比特币,目前是亚洲第二大比特币财库上市公司,仅次于Metaplanet。虽然该公告一度提振了明成集团陷入困境的股价,但大部分涨幅当天就被抹去了

K Wave Media:持有88枚BTC

韩国娱乐公司 K Wave Media 于 2025 年 7 月首次购买比特币,但此后股价一直在下滑,该公司已筹集 10 亿美元用于收购比特币,但股价仍面临压力。

Global Star Acquisition与K Enter Holdings于5月13日完成了特殊目的收购公司合并(SPAC),成立了K Wave Media,但自7月10日该公司首次购买比特币以来股价持续下跌,8月28日收于1.85美元,略低于7月3日(即其提交比特币财务报告的前一天)创下1.92美元的近期高点水平。

Michael Saylor的比特币投资策略还能奏效多久?

Strategy 联合创始人兼董事长 Michael Saylor 通过比特币投资策略在金融界掀起了波澜,Strategy 购买比特币的方法并不复杂,即:发行股票或股票挂钩证券来募集购买比特币,然后将该资产持有在其资产负债表上。 通常情况下,发行更多股票会导致股票价格贬值,但大量购买比特币会提高 BTC 价格,从而提高 Strategy 公司估值并允许其发行更多债务。

循环继续……

这一策略对Strategy来说非常成功,以至于吸引了众多模仿者,但是最近几周Michael Saylor倡导的比特币财务模型正在逐渐失去动力,因为一旦 BTC 的价格跌得过于接近某公司股票的每股比特币价格指标或净资产价值 (NAV),该股票就会失去原本可以提升其股价的估值缓冲,继而导致所谓的“死亡螺旋”,即随着公司市值的缩水,其融资渠道也随之减少。没有人购买公司股权,也没有贷款机构,公司就无法扩大持股或为现有债务进行再融资。一旦贷款到期或追加保证金通知到来,就会出现强制清算。 

另一方面,巨鲸正在集体叛逃BTC换仓ETH(参考阅读:《巨鲸正在集体叛逃BTC换仓ETH,新王正在诞生?》),分析认为,比特币的长期持有逻辑正在被重新审视,以太坊的资产配置价值则在被重新定价。财库公司的战略布局是以太坊上涨的重要推手,SharpLink 和 Bitmine 近期更是掀起了一场以太坊“战略军备竞赛”,而作为比特币财库先行者的 Strategy,近两周的购入规模显著收缩,从过去动辄上千枚降至仅数百枚

目前市场状况可能相对稳定,白宫的政策也依然坚定地支持加密货币,但加密货币的寒冬终将来临,到那时,比特币财库公司的命运又将如何?

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