【币价再创新高】 Solayer有何技术亮点?

深潮TechFlowPublished on 2025-04-14Last updated on 2025-04-14

Abstract

反正,超前一步看,来定义一个技术类 infra 项目的价值,比仅靠当下是否 Utility 的视角来看,更容易看清楚。

和以往以太坊主导的水平扩容路线不同,Solayer 团队在 infiniSVM 白皮书中展示了一条截然不同的扩容思路。


撰文:Haotian


再来系统谈谈最近二级市场表现很硬的 $LAYER @solayer_labs 。尤其是 InfiniSVM 技术路线图为何备受关注?硬件加速 SVM 的扩容方案有哪些特性?以及硬件加速后的 Solana 扩容生态行业格局会如何破局?接下来,谈谈我的展望式观察:


1)和以往以太坊主导的水平扩容路线不同,Solayer 团队在 infiniSVM 白皮书中展示了一条截然不同的扩容思路:通过硬件加速深度优化 SVM,打造百万级 TPS 区块链网络,本质上会通过硬件 + 软件深度融合的扩容方案。


若回顾整个区块链扩容史,最早的链上扩容思路是通过参数调整(更大区块、更短出块时间)来实现,但这种思路容易触及区块链不可能三角困境;之后出现的 layer2 扩容思路则是一种水平方向的扩容,核心宗旨是通过 layer2(状态通道、侧链、Rollup 等)来分流交易,这无疑会牺牲一部分全局原子性;而 InfiniSVM 探索的硬件加速路线,则是一种升级了扩容理念的全新路线,在保持单一全局状态的同时,来借助专业化硬件突破性能瓶颈;


简单而言:InfiniSVM 的扩容方式不在于单纯优化算法,而是通过微服务架构和硬件加速来重构 SVM 执行环境,将一些关键任务来依托专用硬件来完成,继而实现高负载状态下全局状态下的原子性和一致性。
2)顺着这个思路,不少朋友一定疑惑,为何 Solana 的 SVM 执行环境会需要硬件加速?从 Solayer 白皮书提供的数据可以看出,当前 Solana 验证节点已需要 3.1GHz 以上 CPU、500GB+ 高速内存和 2.5TB+ 高吞吐 NVMe 存储,而即便如此高配置,CPU 利用率在高负载时也仅约 30%,P2P 通信已接近消费级网络 1Gbps 带宽上限。
问题来了,既然 CPU 都用不满,为啥还要更强的硬件?这其实暴露了 Solana 当前的性能瓶颈更在于 CPU 计算能力之外的其他环节,比如:微服务处理架构,可将不同处理环节隔离,匹配更适合的硬件资源;专用加速器,可将部分签名之类的特定任务分配给专用硬件等等。


你看,InfiniSVM 并非简单升级硬件,而是重新设计整个执行环境,针对每个瓶颈环节给予更专门的硬件优化方案,好比,要提升车间生产效率,需要重整整条生产线的软硬件,而并非简单粗暴的增加工人数量;


3)那么,InfiniSVM 的硬件加速方案有哪些特性值得分享呢?


1、分布式微服务处理架构,之前 Solana 单体交易处理流程可以分解为签名验证、去重、调度、存储等多个扩展处理环节,而 InfiniSVM 的架构中每个环节都能独立处理环节,避免了「一个环节卡顿全线等待」的大问题;
2、智能交易调度系统,原本 Solana 再读写交易时,属于同一账户时还要排队处理,但 InfiniSVM 实现了即使同一账户下,也能让操作互不干扰,继而大大提升其并行处理能力。说白了,进一步增强了精细化管理能力;
3、RDMA 低延迟通信技术,正常的节点之间通信至少需要打包、送达、拆包等必要的步骤,而 RDMA 可以直接把一个节点的数据传送到另一个节点的内存中,实现了毫秒到微秒的通信技术突破,可显著减少状态访问冲突;
4、分布式智能存储网络,若让单一账户承接其账户数据,以往 Solana 由 10MB 的限制,但 InfiniSVM 采用了分布式云存储的方案,让数据分散到不同节点上,标记为快车道、慢车道等,这样既突破了容量限制,又优化了数据访问速度。


4)在解释清技术升级路线的问题后,想必不少「有什么用」的声音就出来了。总体而言,有了硬件加速的加持,能进一步提升 Solana 在 layer1 竞争中的竞争优势。而且相比以太坊 layer2 需要在生态上有应用数据支撑才能显现的扩容成绩,这种用硬件实现百万级 TPS 的性能突破,可能只需要极个别垂类场景的接入就可以直接佐证,实现路径更短一些;


再换个思路,以 @jito_sol 为例子,作为 Solana MEV 基础设施,其在交易排序优化和 MEV 提取、验证者收益等方面的生态位价值。若在 Solana MEME 热潮之前无法自证的话,在过去一年的 MEME 热之后,Jito 这种优化交易进行系统的方式则成了不可或缺的一环。


事实上,Solayer 现在的技术卡位也类似,它这种让交易在系统中更优表现的升级方式,仅靠单纯的金融类交易场景体现并不明显,但如果联想到未来 PayFi 的大规模落地,要想让 Solana 完美承载高吞吐低延迟的支付结算基础设施功能,TPS 的性能优劣会有明显感知。此外还有 DePIN 生态以及复杂链游、AI Agent 应用场景等等。


反正,超前一步看,来定义一个技术类 infra 项目的价值,比仅靠当下是否 Utility 的视角来看,更容易看清楚。

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