为什么过去一年的以太坊价格表现远逊比特币?

marsbitPublished on 2025-02-10Last updated on 2026-07-07

帮一位朋友理财亏掉了一个大饼,策略是 wbtc-eth-lptoken 挖矿,半年时间挖赔到了止损线 50% 回撤线。

反思了两周,为什么 ETH 的价格如此远差于 BTC?

先说结论:

比特币的早期获利盘(特别是最初的矿工)已经彻底出清,中本聪 110w 个币死在地址上,有估计大约类似于中本聪这 110w 死币的情况,还有 200 多个万个币永久性地丢失了。

多个数据挖掘公司的结论显示:比特币有 300 万到 400 万个币处于丢失状态,大约占 2100 万币总量的 14%-19%。

而 ETH 没有这样的前提条件。

ETH 的 0 高度区块发行了 7200 万个 ETH,给基金会和 ICO 投资者。这 7200 万个币有 160 万 ETH(占目前总量的 2.3%)还没出清。

和现在的价格相比,这些创世币几乎可以判断为 0 成本了。

在 2015 年开始的 PoW 挖矿,一个区块 5 个 ETH,到 2016 年的 ICO 热,估计挖出了 1000 万 ETH,这些成本也是非常低。

在 2016 年的 ICO 浪潮当中,还有大量的项目方几乎可以判定为 0 成本获利盘。

在 2020 年开始的 defi summer,也诞生了大量的潜在抛压盘。

具体的量化数据我没有能力调研出来,200 美元一个月工资的 chatgpt pro 都没能帮我调研清楚。

但拍脑袋猜想,BTC 早期 14%-19% 的币被锁死 vs ETH 这个数据就是 2% 到 5%(总量 1.2 亿,早期获利盘在 240 万到 600 万未换手)。

几百万 ETH 的潜在抛压是非常大的数字啊,链上一笔早期矿工的巨额转账就会把大家吓坏,各种链上监控账号拼命转发。

BTC 在过去 10 年,是经历过大规模彻底级别的换手的,2017 年前矿工主要是中国人,2021 年前中国交易所占了绝大多数的交易量,这两个事实都指向中国人持有大量的币,但经过 n 次的政府禁令,币都被老美他们拿走了。

和 BTC 相比,ETH 的洗盘明显不够彻底。ETH 的早期获利者的抛售压力太大,这可能就是过去一年里 eth/btc 汇率一直下跌的根本原因吧。

为什么在 2016 年和 2020 年,ETH/BTC 的汇率大幅度上涨呢?当然是因为 ETH 当时有大创新,而 BTC 没有。

但过去一年的 ETF 牛,ETH 和 BTC 的政策优势几乎接近,BTC 略强。早期获利者的抛压成为了两个币价格对决的关键了。

对比 doge、ltc、bch 和 EOS 这四个币,可以提供辅助证据。

doge 和 ltc 都是创始人卖光了,持币去中心化程度非常高了,所以虽然这两货没技术、没生态、没应用,但价格并没有跌太惨,能保持在 CMC top 20 榜内。

BCH 同理,复制了 BTC 的账本,也就是早期 300-400 万的 bch 是死币,这同样带来了抛售压力锐减,所以价格在过去也能保持在 top20.

PoW 挖矿因为有矿机和电力成本,更倾向于及时卖出挖矿所得。而 PoS 挖矿,几乎 0 成本挖矿,挖矿所得更倾向于积累后后面再抛压。所以 PoW 挖矿的币,在逆周期里要强于 PoS 挖矿币,因为 PoW 矿工获利盘往往及时出清,不会积累风险,但 PoS 挖矿就更倾向于积累到一个大风险。

如 EOS,哪怕是社区锁了 block one 的 1 亿创世币,但毫无疑问就 DPoS 节点挖矿这些早期获利盘还在,抛售压力太大。币价就直接跌到 CMC top50 了。

同样的,在过去 10 年多,能稳定在 top20 的币,要么是真实应用、用户、资金等基本面靠谱,要么就是早期获利盘出清了的,第三种情况就是强庄币了(如 xrp)。

如果上述结论是对的,哪会有哪些推论,或者说有哪些机会呢?

首先我觉得不用 FUD ETH,基本面还在,慢慢等早期获利盘清洗出去就好了,虽然价格可能继续回撤,但有耐心的投资者还是可以获利的。

也不用太担心 SOL flip 掉 ETH,等 SOL 的早期获利盘出清后再思考这个问题,我觉得任何 ETH killer 都只能是在先 kill 掉自己的早期获利者后再谈 kill ETH。

投资币,考察持币的去中心化,非常重要。

需要耐心,慢慢等。

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656 Total ViewsPublished 2025.05.13Updated 2025.05.13

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