BitVM2:提升比特币可编程性的创新突破

marsbitPublished on 2024-08-17Last updated on 2024-08-18

设计

Robin Linus 出席 7 月的比特币纳什维尔会议(Bradley Keoun)

去年 10 月发布的“BitVM”范式激发了一系列项目,旨在构建由最大、最古老的区块链保护的二层网络和协议。最新版本提高了效率并克服了关键缺陷。

Robin Linus 及其合作者团队发表的新“BitVM2”论文标志着其从最初的设计迈出了一大步。

该项目将依靠先进的加密技术和新颖的设计来建立安全的“桥梁”,将比特币从主网络转移到称为“rollups”的辅助网络。

与早期版本不同的是,BitVM2 是“无需许可的”,允许任何人挑战可疑交易,而不仅仅是一组固定的运营商。

比特币开发者罗宾·莱纳斯(Robin Linus)去年提出了一种使最古老、最原始的区块链更具可编程性的理论方法,震惊了加密技术领域,目前,他又推出了第二个版本“BitVM2”,声称有了重大改进,可以使这一概念更接近现实世界的实现。

根据Linus 及其五位合著者周四发布的白皮书,其基本设置包括使用加密技术将程序压缩为子程序,然后可以在比特币交易中执行。

然后,程序会通过三笔链上交易进行“验证”,基本上就是确保没有人试图作弊或盗窃。据合著者之一阿列克谢·扎米亚京 (Alexei Zamyatin) 称,在之前的版本中,验证可能需要 70 笔交易,扎米亚京还为一个名为 BOB(Build on Bitcoin 的缩写)的项目工作。

新版本的一个关键改进是任何人都可以对可疑交易提出质疑,这一功能被称为“无需许可的挑战”。在去年 10 月发布的原始 BitVM 中,但从未真正投入任何实际实施,只有一组固定的操作员可以发起挑战。“这种设计给我们带来了重大改进,”Zamyatin 在接受 CoinDesk 的视频采访时表示。“我们现在对 BitVM 范例有了全面而全面的描述。”Linus 是 ZeroSync Association 的核心贡献者,该协会是一家位于瑞士祖格州的非营利组织。除 Zamyatin 外,其他合著者还包括 Lukas Aumayr、Andrea Pelosi、Zeta Avarikioti 和 Matteo Maffei。Linus 的项目被誉为一项突破,部分原因是它不需要对底层比特币代码进行任何更改。这一点至关重要,因为与大多数后续区块链项目相比,比特币的治理更加去中心化;与以太坊或 Solana 不同,比特币实际上没有一个指导基金会、管理机构或首席开发人员。即使是像备受讨论的OP_CAT这样看似温和的提议,也难以被比特币代码维护者采纳,因为几乎完全的共识已经发展成为建议更新的事实标准。

设计

BitVM2 的初始应用是实现“汇总”——本质上是比特币之上的一个独立辅助网络,可以处理更快、更便宜的交易,但具有类似的安全保障。

Linus 原始设计的发布就激发了人们在比特币上建设项目的热情;截至 7 月,CoinDesk 统计,正在筹备中的比特币第 2 层项目至少有 83 个,具有多种设置,包括汇总和侧链。

新的范式可用于创建区块链“桥梁”,用于将比特币安全地转移到汇总,然后安全地将其带回,以便可以提取存款。

虽然比特币的工作量证明共识机制(确认交易的方法,本质上涉及数据中心不间断地解决加密难题,并且消耗大量电力)因其对环境的影响而受到批评,但大多数区块链专家都认为它是最安全的区块链。

比特币的市值高达 1.2 万亿美元,超过了所有其他加密货币的总和,这充分证明了其优点。

Linus 在 Telegram 消息中告诉 CoinDesk:“我们新的桥梁设计更简单,资本效率更高。”“以前的设计在桥梁运营商必须锁定多少抵押品以及锁定多长时间方面都造成了流动性问题。现在,它需要的资本更少,锁定时间更短。”

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