StarkWare在比特币测试网络上验证零知识证明

币界网Published on 2024-07-17Last updated on 2024-07-17

币界网报道:

StarkWare自2018年以来一直在以太坊上开发零知识技术,并在比特币测试网中成功验证了零知识证明(ZK证明)。

该机制花了三个月的时间才完成,在比特币的测试网Signet上实现,在更广泛的生态系统中使用之前还有很长的路要走。这是因为启用zk证明(OP_CAT)之类的脚本在比特币社区中还没有得到足够的共识来引入它。

尽管如此,StarkWare的举动对这个以前被称为数字宠物摇滚的网络来说是一个吉祥的消息。

由于网络的计算能力有限,之前无法在比特币上验证zk证明。OP_CAT,以及在比特币Signet上测试它的公司,旨在改变这一现实,并将其他区块链上存在的应用程序的广度带入行业中最古老的生态系统。

L2迭代的Weikeng Chen在与The Defiant分享的一份声明中表示:“这是一项巨大的努力,花费了大量的时间。”。“我们一开始什么都没有。没有关于比特币ZK证明的信息。也没有关于接下来的数学运算的信息。我们不得不构建完整的堆栈,这最终导致了STARK验证器的实现。”

当一方可以向另一方证明给定的陈述是正确的,而不泄露任何额外信息时,就会发生zk证明。Zk证明已成为以太坊最有价值的计算工具之一,尤其是在以隐私为中心的扩展竞赛仍在继续的情况下。

以太坊的集结赛来到比特币

以太坊上有两种类型的汇总:乐观和零知识。

乐观汇总假设所有第2层交易都是有效的,除非被诚实的网络验证器质疑并证明是错误的,而zk汇总假设所有交易都是假的,直到通过zk证明证明是有效的。

根据L2Beat的数据,像Arbitrum、Base和Optimism这样的乐观组合占据了整个市场份额的近70%。紧随其后的是StarkWare自己的Layer 2,Starknet,其市场份额为1.7%,在同类产品中排名第四,仅次于Linea(2.9%)、ZKSync(2.8%)和Scroll(4.3%),后者的总价值锁定(TVL)飙升至10亿美元以上。

然而,尽管零技术扩展解决方案的使用不太广泛,但它们具有重要优势,包括增加隐私和更快地连接到主网。

隐私是StarkWare一直在努力的地方,这在很大程度上是由于其创始人兼首席执行官Eli Ben Sasson与隐私区块链世界的联系。Ben Sasson是顶级隐私加密货币之一Zcash的首席科学家。

然而,Zcash已经失去了在该行业的主导地位,市值为4.78亿美元,低于2022年的35亿美元峰值。该代币今天飙升8%,至31美元,尽管原因似乎尚不清楚。

在比特币上测试零知识技术是有意义的,因为它众所周知缺乏隐私和难以扩展。

OP_CAT继续接受测试

将以太坊一些最有价值的工具引入比特币的潜力是由中本聪时代的代码OP_CAT实现的。

OP_CAT,简称“Operation Concatenate”,是一种操作码,最初由比特币的未知创建者中本聪提出。它允许在比特币交易执行期间将两条数据组合成一条数据。

操作码是有争议的。

比特币社区的许多人谴责这是对网络的攻击,这可能会打开像MEV这样的攻击媒介。事实上,被称为“内存池狙击”的MEV式攻击已经变得普遍,尽管这主要是由于Ordinals而不是OP_CAT。

Ben Sasson和StarkWare正在第一线进行测试,并推动重新引入OP_CAT。6月初,该公司公布了一项雄心勃勃的计划,通过有争议的脚本来扩展比特币,而zk证明是朝着这个方向迈出的一步。

在谈到OP_CAT时,Ben Sasson表示:“它将保持所有比特币价值不变,同时提供一个基本框架,足以将STARK扩展到比特币。”

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