稳定币如何加速南半球的美元化?

MarsBitPublished on 2023-10-09Last updated on 2023-10-10

Abstract

年轻人将加密货币视为突破本地货币局限的手段。

在当今高度互联的世界,跨境资金流动既可能成为整个国家的生命线,也可能成为其瓶颈。长期以来,全球金融体系都青睐特权阶层,导致许多全球南方国家陷入经济不平等和随之而来的政治动荡。然而,Web3 技术正在利用金融包容性和经济赋权的新工具绕过现有技术,改变旧秩序。比特币和 USDC 等数字货币搭建桥梁,并潜移默化地改变人们的生活。

稳定币


想想看:从尼日利亚向加纳汇款,所花时间和费用都比亲自开车运钱过境都要多。为什么?因为传统电汇在返回非洲之前会经过纽约和伦敦。
像尼日利亚的Dickson Nsofor这样的创新者已经认识到需要一种更好的方式。四年前,Nsofor创立了泛非支付基础设施公司 Korapay。他将区块链和加密货币视为交易媒介,而不是投机资产。这一洞见推动他创建了一个利用这些 Web3 发明进行跨境支付的平台。
如今,Korapay 已成为尼日利亚最大的企业对企业跨境汇款公司。它通过比特币、USDC 和其他加密资产处理数十亿美元的支付,同时以传统法定货币结算交易。最令人惊讶的是,许多跨国公司使用 Korapay 的服务在甚至不知道使用了加密货币和稳定币的情况下,将尼日利亚奈拉兑换成美元。这表明像Nsofor这样的创新者已经从底层开始重塑传统金融的引擎。
为何像 USDC 这样的稳定币在非洲如此受欢迎?答案在于经济差异、货币不稳定和对财务独立的渴望等更广泛的背景。
以尼日利亚为例,超过 40%的人口年龄低于 15 岁。年轻人将加密货币视为突破本地货币局限的手段。随着移动互联网渗透率的提高,自由职业者和零工可以选择以数字资产作为支付方式,这些数字资产的价值保持得比易受通货膨胀和市场贬值影响的本地法定货币要好。在采访中,Nsofor告诉我,他所有的尼日利亚年轻员工都更愿意以 USDC、USDT 甚至比特币而不是尼日利亚奈拉收到工资,因为这些资产是更好的价值储藏,对于稳定币而言,更具实用性。
这种向美元化的转变——当地人更喜欢 USDC 等资产而非法定货币——影响远超金融便利性。它代表了经济机会的巨大转变:个人可以为任何地方的互联网原生组织工作,并以稳定的数字资产积累财富。
这种经济体的美元化对世界而言是否是一个积极影响还不明确。在美元化下本地货币崩溃可能会进一步动摇在动荡地区脆弱的政府。例如,尼日利亚中央银行最初对加密货币采取了敌对立场,甚至提出了禁止。尽管其领导人最近暗示会制定稳定币和通证的监管框架,但此举的后果仍不明朗。去年,巴基斯坦国家银行行长 Reza Baqir在沙特阿拉伯一次商界和政府领导人聚会上表示,他的银行正考虑全面禁止所有数字资产,担心美元化会使他所管理的银行失去对货币和利率的控制,并愿意采取激进措施。但该禁令从未生效, Reza Baqir也不再担任该职位。
尽管存在这些挑战,数字资产的采用还在继续。甚至联合国难民事务高级专员公署也采用了区块链技术,向像乌克兰这样受战争影响的地区分配数字现金。这不仅可以保护资金,还凸显了数字资产的更广泛吸引力。
加密货币和区块链技术在非洲及其他地区的采用不仅仅是金融趋势:起初,它是一种生存策略,然后成为在经济上蓬勃发展的平台。最重要的是,它证明了全球南方的人类韧性和创新精神。让我们认识到 Web3 有潜力为所有人创造一个更包容、更公平的金融未来。

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