GameFi深陷争议:是泡沫还是全新的游戏模式?

Foresight NewsPublished on 2023-09-10Last updated on 2023-09-13

Abstract

2021年底到2022年初,GameFi达到了高潮,随后便一直处于下行趋势。如今,整个GameFi的市值已经跌去了95%以上。

不可否认,在上一波牛市中,GameFi起到了至关重要的作用。凭借着全新的概念和玩法,GameFi领域显示出了强大的潜力和实力,不仅轻松吸引到了大量用户参与,更为Web 3.0开启了流量大门。

GameFi深陷争议:是泡沫还是全新的游戏模式?


然而,宴席高调举办过后终究会散场。2021年底到2022年初,GameFi达到了高潮,随后便一直处于下行趋势。如今,整个GameFi的市值已经跌去了95%以上。目前来看,包括公链,NFT在内的一系列赛道都有极大的概率在市场回暖时重振旗鼓,但对于GameFi项目来说,重启的机会并不多,它自身的生命力似乎早被野蛮生长的打金狂潮给消磨掉了。
GameFi赛道,到底做得是什么?
所谓GameFi,就是Game(游戏)与DeFi(去中心化金融 )的结合体,在NFT赛道和区块链技术的双重驱动下,GameFi极大程度的改变了游戏行业的运营模式。
行业范式发生转变,让区块链游戏的“Play to Earn”逐步取代了传统的“花钱玩游戏”的模式。伴随着现象级链游Axie Infinity的爆红出圈,一条通过玩游戏谋生的全新途径正式崛起。紧接着,“Play to Earn”的模式经历了快速的兴衰更迭,俨然成为Web 3.0的重要组成部分。
GameFi的优势是显而易见的。一方面,它主要通过游戏向大量用户介绍了去中心化钱包的概念;另一方面,“Play to Earn”的模式广泛展示了资产所有权的解决方案。传统游戏中,该权益完全由企业集中控制。譬如在Web 2.0游戏中,玩家花了无数个小时来争取虚拟奖励,而这些奖励通常在现实世界中没有价值。

GameFi深陷争议:是泡沫还是全新的游戏模式?


不过,GameFi的不足和缺陷也不容忽略。
第一,“Play to Earn”的模式给玩家了一个错误的预期。所谓“Play to Earn”,玩游戏的目的不能再明确,就是为了赚钱。当赚钱成为了玩游戏的唯一驱动力,那么“Game”意义就不复存在了。
更重要的是,一个游戏的参与者大体可以分为项目方和用户,项目方想赚钱,用户玩游戏也想赚钱,那他们一块赚谁的钱呢?这个逻辑显然不成立。除非这个项目可以正向发展,快速扩展,老用户可以从新用户身上赚钱。但这显然是十分难以实现的事情。
第二, 所谓GameFi,本质上还是DeFi,只是加了一层游戏的外壳。所以,很多玩家设计的单调乏味,毫无新意,对于Web 2.0的玩家而言堪称灾难。所以,很多Web 3.0的玩家并不care游戏本身是什么,只是想尽可能多的挣钱,必然会购买 Token,以获得更多的 Token。这对于游戏经济的长线发展,无疑是有害的。
最后,也是至关重要的一点,目前,没有一个GameFi的收益能够实现可持续化。正如前面所说的那样,玩家会先去购买 token,以获得更多的 Token,很显然,这种设计只能延缓旁氏泡沫的破灭,一旦有大户离场,必然会遭遇砸盘和连环踩踏,从而让这个游戏彻底陷入深渊。
这些年,那些备受关注的龙头项目…
即便GameFi的崛起像流星一样短暂,但不可否认,在当时,它的确成为了区块链领域最热门的新兴行业,吸引到了众多开发者和玩家的眼球。GameFi涌现出了诸多龙头项目,这些项目都在短期内创造出了漂亮的实绩,为用户和市场带去了不错的稳定性和回报率。
Axie Infinity
说到龙头项目,就不得不提Axie Infinity。在链游界,Axie Infinity将“打金”这件事发挥到了极致,堪称现象级项目。

GameFi深陷争议:是泡沫还是全新的游戏模式?


Axie Infinity最早出现于2018年,但彼时的它反映平平,并未引起太多的关注。不过,正所谓风水轮流转,在沉寂两年多以后,Axie Infinity直接逆袭,一跃成为了链游界的最大赢家,甚至在今年第二季度,一度成为排名第一的NFT游戏。抛开游戏本身的优势来说,Axie Infinity的成功离不开东南亚地区游戏公会YGG的大力助推。而YGG,恰恰是一家游戏打金公会。
Axie Infinity以“宠物小精灵”为重要元素,构筑了一个数字化的宠物世界。玩家可在这个世界繁殖,饲养和交易被称为「Axies」的小宠物,并通过战斗来完成任务和获取游戏币。值得一提的是,该链游前期不需要成本,但随着AXS代币火爆程度的不断攀升,玩Axie Infinity的门槛提高到需要货币购买3个小精灵,3个Axie精灵是一个生产工具,也是游戏基本的一个对战条件,从Axie游戏精灵对战中可以赚取SLP代币。Axie Infinity的账号可以大致分为低保号与高保号,低保号的投入相对较低,高保号反之,所获得的收入也会更高。
The Sandbox(沙盒)
早在2021年,非区块链版的Sandbox已经问世,贡献出了颇为亮眼的成绩。迄今为止,该游戏的下载量已经超过4000万次,活跃用户超过100万。

GameFi深陷争议:是泡沫还是全新的游戏模式?


而依托于链游体系下的Sandbox,则进化成了一个基于区块链的游戏平台,在以太坊区块链上构建出了一个元宇宙,玩家们可以在此自由的创造独属于自己的虚拟世界,利用自己的创造力和想象力打造出符合自我意愿的游戏世界,较为火爆的沙盒游戏有Minecraft(我的世界),Terraria(泰拉瑞亚)等。
Sandbox主要由以下几个核心要素构成:
一是Land(土地),Land(土地)是基于以太坊而发明的ERC-721代币,该代币不可伪造,代表了沙盒元域中的数字地产;二是Assets(资产),Assets(素材资产)是由用户创建的ERC-1155代币,玩家可以用它来填充自己的LAND;三是Catalyst(催化剂),Catalyst是在使用时被销毁的ERC-20代币,它的主要作用是来定义玩家自身的ASSETS的等级和稀缺性。玩家通过道具添加Catalyst,NFT将获得一个空口袋,这可以用宝石填充;四是Gem,和催化剂Catalyst一样,Gem也是使用时会被销毁的ERC-20代币,玩家可以用它来定制他们的Assets。
Decentraland
Decentraland 是一款基于区块链的虚拟现实平台,它允许用户使用MANA代币去购买,管理和拥有自己的虚拟资产。用户可以在Decentraland世界里建造,玩耍,社交,交易。与此同时,Decetraland也支持NFT的发行和交易,从而让用户使用自己的艺术创作和数字资产来赚取MANA代币。

GameFi深陷争议:是泡沫还是全新的游戏模式?



GameFi的未来,将何去何从?
曾几何时,人们对GameFi寄予厚望,认为它完全有能力赶超传统游戏行业。可现实却是残酷的。2023年,传统游戏行业的价值超过2500亿美元,预计到2030年将翻一番。而2023年7月,区块链游戏的市值不到100亿美元。
这个数据也不难理解。毕竟,2021年-2022年是区块链游戏市值最鼎盛的时期,而这主要是由Axie Infinity激增后的投机驱动所完成的。当潮水退去,区块链游戏所存在的泡沫也就自然散尽了。
不过,这并不意味着GameFi在未来全无发展机会。
如今,元宇宙项目的发展拥有巨大的潜力,随着虚拟现实技术的不断进步和轻量化的推进,元宇宙项目很可能为新形式的娱乐,虚拟商业和社交活动铺平道路,而GameFi也可能再次拥有一个开创游戏新时代的机会。

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