MakerDAO选择Solana作为应用链?定论为时尚早,至少需要3年才能实现

MarsBitPublished on 2023-09-06Last updated on 2023-09-06

Abstract

Maker想要成为一条独立的应用链以在极端情况下能够通过硬分叉恢复,Solana是较好的一种选择,但NewChain处于Endgame最后一个阶段,未来还有很多不确定性。

.details .details-cont p, p {word-break: normal; text-align: unset} p img {text-align: center !important;} MakerDAO在将重心转向RWA(现实世界资产)后,成为盈利能力最强的DeFi项目之一。但联合创始人Rune Christensen对Maker的大胆改进却经常引起质疑和讨论。
9月1日,Rune在MakerDAO论坛中发表了《Explore a fork of the Solana codebase for NewChain》的文章,探索基于Solana代码库创建新的应用链NewChain(新链)的可能性。这直接导致以太坊联合创始人Vitalik卖出了持有数年的MKR。

maker


Rune关于NewChain的观点与影响
关于为什么要创建一条新链,Rune认为主要目的是为了在遇到治理攻击或技术故障时,可以通过硬分叉恢复。另外,根据Endgame(终局之战)的时间表,预计在第一阶段,也就是2024年初推出新的稳定币(NewStable)和新的治理代币(NewGovToken),如果这套经济模型运行在自己的链上,那么也将通过代币经济学带来更大利益,如减少MEV,减少交易成本中的价值损失(使用自己的治理代币或稳定币支付Gas费)。
至于Rune为什么青睐于Solana,主要在于Solana的代码质量高、生态系统经过FTX的倒闭后仍然维持韧性、已经有pyth这类基于Solana构建的应用链。
除了Solana之外,Rune在文章和后续的回复中也提到了Cosmos,认为这似乎是除Solana之外的唯一选择,有大量的高质量开发者,但与Solana相比效率更低,维护成本更高。而对于Aptos和Sui等新公链,Rune也直接表示在简单研究后认为不太适合。
对于这件事情的影响,PANews认为并没有那么大,主要有以下几个原因。

  1. Rune的文章发表在《General Discussion》(一般讨论)下,目前仅处于讨论阶段,并非即将投票和执行的名义调查或执行投票。
  2. 关于实现时间,根据终局之战的时间表,NewChain处于第五个阶段,也就是最后一个阶段。预计可能至少需要3年,或者更长时间才能实现,距离现在还有很久,还有很多不确定性。
  3. 即便使用NewChain重新构建Maker协议,所有面向用户的产品和系统都将保持不变,仍然保留在以太坊或其它区块链上。只是用NewChain构建Maker协议和SubDAO的后端,改进安全性和代币的价值捕获能力。

在该讨论文章下,也有人提出了不同方案,如Flashbots战略负责人Hasu提出的基于EVM的Rollup,以及其他人提出的波卡生态的Substrate框架、Eclipse的Rollup框架等。
Vitalik的反击和对Rai的看好
Maker作为以太坊生态中最具代表性的项目之一,即使是应用链,以太坊生态中也有多种Raas(Rollup as a service)解决方案,如Base、Worldcoin等采用的OP Stack。但Rune的野心并不局限于此,除了能够停机外,还希望能尽可能的捕获生态中的所有价值,并将NewChain作为桥梁扩展到其它Layer 1。
此举对于以太坊生态来说可能是一种“背叛”,也直接引来了包括以太坊联合创始人Vitalik等人的不满,Vitalik通过Cow Protocol出售了最后500个MKR。Vitalik第一次购买MKR发生在2018年1月,将21.34 WETH兑换为了14.28 MKR,最近一次转账是在2021年4月将100 MKR捐赠给印度的Covid救济基金。
在Reflexer的Discord中,当有人引用Rune关于NewChain的推特发言时,Vitalik表示,Maker的DAI曾经是下图中第三种稳定币(以加密资产为抵押品)的代表,但目前似乎正在朝着一个完全不同的方向发展。Rai社区可以进行更积极的治理,以支持多种非主要质押的ETH(不包括Lido的wstETH)作为抵押品。

maker


由于Reflexer的原生代币设计为一种治理最小化的代币,在这种机制下,项目无法通过简单的治理支持除ETH之外的其它抵押品,Liquity等项目也面临这个问题,必须进行改进才能抢占LSDFi市场。
Vitalik对Reflexer的看好由来以久,他曾多次发表看好Reflexer的观点,在今年3月USDC脱锚期间,也抵押ETH铸造RAI,再用RAI购买USDC。
这样的项目可能更重要的是对以太坊的战略意义,在稳定币的机制和治理代币的功能上都有创新。从抵押品的角度,它仅使用ETH(未来可能扩展到LSD)作为抵押品的项目;稳定币RAI不锚定美元,具有比ETH更低的波动性,是一种新型稳定币;最小化治理的设计也更符合“Code is Law”的规则。如果真能增强Reflexer的治理功能,那么FLX的价格出现上涨是有道理的。
但对于普通用户,RAI的优点也就变成了缺点,它的价格既不如中心化稳定币稳定,也不如ETH波动大;稳定币使用场景少;FLX也缺乏捕获价值的功能。
截至9月4日下午,Reflexer治理代币FLX的价格由于Vitalik的“唱好”在过去24小时上涨75%,达到14美元,但和发行时的1400美元相比仍然下跌了99%。
NewChain的7项功能需求
其实这并非Rune第一次发表关于NewChain的看法,早在2022年5月的时间表中列出了NewChain的计划和关键功能,其中也提到了需要能够采用硬分叉作为治理机制以从灾难中恢复。
今年1月31日,Rune还发表了一项Maker改进提案,并于3月27日获得通过,其中明确列出了对NewChain功能的7个需求。

  • NewChain必须支持与“Sagittarius Engine”兼容的原生质押功能,并且节点的权益必须由Maker治理机制进行管理。
  • NewChain应当支持收取”状态资金“(State Rent),对保存在区块链上的数据收费,以鼓励有效的数据管理。
  • Gas费用和状态租金应该使用NewStable来支付,而权益则使用NewGovToken来完成。
  • NewChain必须具备原生的MEV捕捉功能。
  • NewChain必须有一个由NewGovToken执行投票触发的链停机功能,之后必须通过硬分叉重新启动。由于Maker及SubDAO的功能越来越复杂,硬分叉为最后的安全增加了一重保障。
  • 该协议应内置ZK rollups。
  • 新的代币经济学和核心治理流程应原生地构建在新链协议中。

这也表明Rune的野心并不局限于以太坊生态,即便使用以太坊的Layer 2方案,不可避免地仍需要支付将打包的交易提交到Layer 1的费用。这部分费用仅能使用ETH支付,产生的价值也不能被新的治理代币或新的稳定币捕获。
小结
Maker起源于以太坊生态,由于目前功能日益复杂,需要独立成为一条应用链以在遇到极端情况时能够通过硬分叉恢复。在方案的选择上,Rune希望尽可能的捕获包括Gas费在内的所有价值,并扩展到其它Layer 1上,Solana成为比较有可能的选择,也因此遭到了Vitalik等人的反击。
但需要注意,目前该方案仅处于讨论阶段,NewChain处于Endgame最后一个阶段,预计至少需要3年才能实现。在此之前,Maker还有很多工作要做,也可能因为技术的迭代选择其它方案。

Trending Cryptos

Related Reads

Circle CEO: Stablecoins Are at the Internet's 2002 Stage, Will Reach Trillions of Dollars in the Future

Circle CEO Jeremy Allaire, in a Q2 2026 earnings AMA, discussed the current state and future of stablecoins and Circle's strategy. He compared stablecoins today to the internet in 2002, predicting they will grow from hundreds of billions to trillions of dollars. Key points include: * **Current Use Cases**: Stablecoins have achieved product-market fit in digital asset markets (for trading/settlement), as a digital dollar store of value in emerging markets, and for cross-border payments and settlement. * **Future Growth Areas**: Allaire highlighted opportunities in the AI agent economy, merchant payments (especially via QR codes and stablecoin cards), and the convergence of traditional and on-chain finance. * **Circle's Strategy**: Circle aims to grow USDC through global partnerships. Its economic engines will include reserve income, transaction fees from its on-chain payment network (CPN), and its upcoming "economic operating system," Arc. * **Arc's Vision**: Arc, launching its mainnet on September 16, is a stablecoin-native blockchain designed for seamless user and developer experience. It aims to power the future "on-chain" economy where businesses and AI agents operate. * **Global Adoption**: Allaire emphasized that stablecoin adoption is a global phenomenon, driven by regulatory clarity in regions like Europe (MiCA) and the US (GENIUS Act), and will continue regardless of specific US legislation like the CLARITY Act. * **EURC Growth**: Circle's euro stablecoin, EURC, has surpassed €400 million in circulation, benefiting from early preparation for European regulations and existing distribution networks. Allaire expressed confidence in Circle's execution, citing strong team cohesion and the adoption of AI tools, while identifying cybersecurity and global local operations as key areas for continued strengthening.

marsbit34m ago

Circle CEO: Stablecoins Are at the Internet's 2002 Stage, Will Reach Trillions of Dollars in the Future

marsbit34m ago

With Revenue 3.8 Billion Lower Than CXMT, Net Profit Is 8.6 Billion Higher: What Secrets Are Hidden in YMTC's IPO?

Chinese NAND flash giant Changcun Holdings has submitted its IPO prospectus to the Shanghai Stock Exchange. In Q1 2026, the company reported revenue of 47.042 billion yuan and a net profit attributable to parent company shareholders of 33.379 billion yuan. This presents a striking contrast with its competitor Changxin Technology, which had higher revenue (50.8 billion yuan) but a significantly lower net profit of 24.762 billion yuan. The key to this discrepancy lies in their ownership structures of core assets. Changcun Holdings fully owns its main operating entity, Yangtze Memory Technologies Co., Ltd., allowing nearly all group profits to flow to the parent company. In contrast, Changxin Technology controls but does not fully own its key production subsidiaries, meaning a substantial portion of its consolidated profits (approximately 8.25 billion yuan in Q1 2026) belongs to minority shareholders, reducing its reported net profit. Despite Changcun's higher net profit, its pre-IPO valuation is estimated lower than Changxin's. Analysts attribute this to differing market expectations: Changxin, focused on DRAM and the high-growth HBM market for AI servers, is seen as having greater long-term growth potential. Changcun, while dominant in NAND flash, operates in a market with inherent size constraints, making its future valuation more dependent on successfully upgrading its product mix toward higher-value segments like enterprise SSDs.

marsbit46m ago

With Revenue 3.8 Billion Lower Than CXMT, Net Profit Is 8.6 Billion Higher: What Secrets Are Hidden in YMTC's IPO?

marsbit46m ago

Perpetual Contract Liquidation Wave Resurges, Bitcoin $62k - $67k May Become the 'Disaster Zone'

A wave of liquidations has hit the crypto perpetual futures market, with analysts warning of continued volatility. Following Bitcoin's drop below $76,000 and subsequent rebound, over $84 million in long positions were liquidated in one hour, demonstrating the amplified impact of leverage. The U.S. CFTC's recent approval of a spot Bitcoin perpetual contract on the Kalshi exchange has opened this "previously closed" asset class to American institutions, with the platform reporting $5.5 billion in volume in its first two weeks. However, critics like Better Markets warn that perpetuals are "among the most dangerous crypto products" for retail investors due to a lack of enhanced protections. Recent price action saw a massive $529 million in hourly liquidations, predominantly longs. Analysts note that while a $3.3 billion short squeeze cleared liquidity above $80,000, a significant pool of long liquidations now sits between $62,000 and $67,000, posing a downside risk if key resistance holds. Experts caution new traders against using leverage or options, which can expire worthless, without proper experience and risk management. Despite the dangers, the demand for leveraged products persists, with some institutional players preferring on-chain platforms for their transparency and self-custody. As Kalshi expands its perpetual offerings beyond crypto, the core warning remains: leverage can lead to sudden, severe losses for unprepared investors.

marsbit46m ago

Perpetual Contract Liquidation Wave Resurges, Bitcoin $62k - $67k May Become the 'Disaster Zone'

marsbit46m ago

Trading

Spot

Hot Articles

Discussions

Welcome to the HTX Community. Here, you can stay informed about the latest platform developments and gain access to professional market insights. Users' opinions on the price of SOL (SOL) are presented below.

活动图片